解放门（小北门），原名中正门，在解放路北端，当年因为陇海路通车到西安而修建，到了1952年因扩建火车站而被拆除。西安在解放后也开辟了新城门，南墙有建国门、和平门、文昌门、朱雀门、含光门。北墙有尚德门。东墙有朝阳门。

一般游客知道明代建筑西安城墙时有98座敌台，台上均建有敌楼。但1982年西安市城墙管理所实地调查发现，那些古敌楼没有留下一个，只有部分尚存础石。之后，西安重建敌楼12座，为砖木结构，歇山顶式，重檐二层楼，底层周设回廊。

古代城垣设施不仅修建敌楼、箭楼作用武之备，还修建魁星楼以祭把主宰文运之神魁星。西安魁星楼建在南门城楼东，后遭兵火毁坏。后来在原址上复建魁星楼，值得一看。 【焕发新颜的古城墙】

各位游客，经过十多年的整体开发，古都西安已把位于市中心的残破的明代城垣，改造成颇具特色、中外罕见的环城旅游风景区。1983年，西安市开始了建国以来规模最大的文物保护开发，到1997年底累计投资2.27亿元，不仅全面修缮了城墙，填补了大小洞穴1650个，还重建敌楼四座、角楼2座以及南门月城、闸楼、吊桥各一处，同时对环城河、林、路进行了全面整治。现在，从14条被修复的马道缓步登城，能见到长1334o米的城垛，还有11500米的女儿墙也全部修复。站在高12米的城头上举目远眺，南边的终南山、北部的渭水河遥遥相望；俯首四顾，城内城外市容尽收眼底。城上还陈列弓弩。滚木、擂石等防卫工具，城下复设吊桥、云梯，供人使用参观。从城墙下到环城河边，修建了20多座桥，城河到城脚之间的环城绿化带，成了西安最大的绿化公园，茅屋瓦舍，仿古亭廊，诗碑雕塑，应有尽有。

各位游客，西安古城墙的开发，受到了中外人士的高度评价：过去把古城墙看作是妨碍现代化城市发展的枷锁，如今它却成了使古城增添姿彩的花环。专家们还评价，秦始皇兵马湘的发掘，一举成就了世界奇迹；而西安明代城墙的维修，同样引起了世界瞩目。联合

国教科文组织的专家来此后，一致同意推荐它列入“世界遗产名录”。

【篇三：西安景点介绍inenglish】

最新西安钟鼓楼城墙英文导游词

good morning ladies and gentlemen:

today we will have three places to visit—the bell tower the drum tower and the city well. first we come to the bell tower.

the bell tower, a classical building with carved beams and painted rafters, has been served as the symbol of xi‘an. it stands in the center of the downtown area where the north

street, the south street, the west street and the east street meet. and the tower house a huge bell which in ancient times was use to strike the time every morning. this is how the tower got its name. now it is an important historical monument in shaanxi province.

the bell tower was first built in ying xiang temple in 1384 during the ming dynasty. it was moved to its present site in 1582 as a result of the city?s expansion program.

ladies and gentlemen, there is a story about the bell tower. it‘s said that the first emperor of ming dynasty , zhu

yuanzhang , he was born in a poor family. both his parent died when he was young, and he had to live a hard life. later, he went to a temple to become a monk. when he ascended the throne, he was afraid of being deposed by someone of ―real dragon‖. therefore, he gave orders to build bell tower all over the county to repress the ―dragon spirits‖. xi‘an has been the imperial capital city since ancient times. so the ―dragon

spirits ‖ must be very strong here. that‘s why the bell tower in xi‘an was not only built earlier, but also bigger than the other ones in the country. the base of the tower is 1,337.4 square meters in size, 8.6 meters high and 35.5 meters wide. it was laid with blue bricks all over. the whole building is 36 meters above ground. it is a brick-and –wood structure. the eaves are supported by colored ―dou gong‖ a traditional structural system in which brackets are used to join columns and

crossbeams, the use of dou gong made the whole building firm and beautiful.

well, next we will visit the drum tower nearly.

the drum tower stands 500 meters to the northwest of the bell tower. it was built in 1380. there used to be a huge drum in the tower, which told the time at dark, and that is how the tower got its present name. besides marking the time, the drum was also used to give warnings to people in times of war. the base of the drum tower is 1,924 square meters in size, and 34 meters in height. it was built with blue bricks. the drum tower has a rectangular shape and shows tier and the outside eaves are decorated with networks of wood arches.

at last, we will visit the famous city wall of xi‘an. the most complete and the best preserved city wall in china.

the city wall of xi‘an is an extension of the prior tang dynasty structure. it was stared in 1370 and finished in 1378 and has a rectangular –shaped construction. it is over 4 kilometers from the east to west and about 3 kilometers from the north to south. and the total length is 13.7 kilometers. it stands 12 meters high, 12-14 meters wide across the top and 15-18 meters thick at the button.

on the top of the city wall, there is a rampart every 120 meters, which extends out from the main wall. the top of the rampart is at the same level as the top of the wall. the ramparts were built to allow soldiers to see those enemies who would try to climb up the wall. the distance between every two ramparts is just within the range of arrow shot from either side. this allowed soldiers to protect the entire wall without exposing themselves to the enemy. there are altogether 98 of them on the city wall and each has a sentry building on top of it.there are four main gates of the city wall-one on each side-named the east gate, the west gate, south gate and north gate. the four gates of the city wall were the only way to go into and out of town. in xi‘an, each of the four gates consists of three gate towers. the main gate tower is called zhenglou which is located on top of the main part of the city wall. it is the inner one and is also the main entrance to the city. zha lou is the gate tower which a suspension bridge and located outside of the city wall. it‘s used to lift and lower the suspension bridge. jian lou is the arrow tower and located in between the zhenglou and

zhaloutowers. there are square windows in the front and on the two sides to shoot arrows. jianlou and zhenglou are connected by walls and the encircled area is called wongcheng in which soldiers could be stationed. from wongcheng, there are also horse passages leading to the top of the wall. there are altogether eleven horse passages around the city.

a watch tower is located on each of the four corners of the wall. the one at the southwestern corner is round, probably after the model of the imperial city wall of the tang dynasty. but the other three are square and are higher and larger than the sentry building on the ramparts. this shows the strategic importance of the corners of the city wall.

all right, we have finished visiting the famous city wall of xi‘an. thank you. 武则天乾陵

去西安西线旅游可以看到一座高大的“梁山”，这座山就是历史上显赫的唐代女王武则天的乾陵。

乾陵是唐高宗李治与女皇武则天的合葬陵。位于陕西乾县城北的粱山上，距西安八十公里，为第一批全国重点文物保护单位。

李治（公元６２８－６８３年），唐太宗李世民第九子，贞观十七年立为太子，二十三年即皇帝位，在位３４年。弘道元年十二月死于洛阳贞观殿，年５６岁。文明元年（公元６８４年）八月葬于乾陵。武则天（公元６２４－７０５年），原为太宗李世民的才人，太宗死后，得幸高宗，被立为皇后，渐拥实权。

高宗死后，先后废中宗、睿宗，自立为大周皇帝，是中国历史上唯一的女皇帝，在位２１年。神龙元年十一月死于洛阳上阳宫之仙居殿，年８２岁。翌年五月，与高宗李治合葬于乾陵。

粱山三峰耸立，峥嵘峻峭，主峰海拔１０４７.９米，地宫建于其中 ；南二峰东西对峙，浑圆挺秀如乳，远眺乾陵，酷似一尊“睡美人”，她是女皇武则天仰卧大地的绝妙象征。

文献记载，乾陵原有城垣两重。内城有青龙、白虎、朱雀、玄武四门，总面积２３０万平方米；外城周八十里。陵园内有献殿，下宫、上仙观、阙楼等建筑３７８间，其依山为陵的宏大场面，仿唐长安城格局营建的陵园，众多精美的巨型石雕，堪称“历代诸皇陵之冠”，成为后世诸帝陵仿效的楷模。从文献记载和考古发掘得知，乾陵可能是唯一未被盗掘的唐代帝王陵墓。

乾陵陵园东南隅分布有１７座陪葬墓，１９６０年至１９７２年先后发掘了五座，出土唐三彩等珍贵文物四千余件，唐墓壁画１２００多平方米，石雕线刻画近３００平方米，为研究唐代政治、经济、军事、文化、建筑以及对外关系等提供了极为重要的实物依据。目前，乾陵陵区、懿德太子墓、永泰公主墓、章怀太子墓对外开放，供中外游客观光游览。 相关链接

乾陵旅游专题介绍

雕像effigy statuary 乾陵英文导游词

qianling, the joint to tomb of tang emperor gaozong (li zhi by name) and empress wuzetian, lies on mount liangshan in the