A. They offer employees financial support. B. They care about employees’ happiness. C. They have strict rules about dressing. D. They have training programs. D

Traffic jam and cities, it seems go hand in hand. Everyone plains about being stuck in traffic, but, like the weather, no one seems to do anything about it. In particular, traffic engineers, transportation planners, and public officials responsible for transportation systems in large cities are frequently criticized for failing to solve traffic jam.

But is traffic jam a sign of failure? Long lines at restaurants or theater’s box offices are seen as signs of success. Should transportation systems be viewed any differently? I think we should recognize that traffic jam is an unpreventable by-product of successful cities and view the “traffic problem” in a different light.

Traffic jam occurs where there are lots of people but limited spaces. Culturally and economically successful cities have the worst traffic problems, while decaying cities don’t have much traffic. New York and Los Angeles are America’s most crowded cities. But if you want access to major brokerage houses（经济行）, you will find them easier to reach in crowded New York than in any other large cities. And if your pany needs access to post-production film editors or satellite-guidance engineers, you will reach them more quickly through the crowded freeways of LA than through less crowded roads elsewhere.

Despite traffic jam, a larger number and wider variety of social munications and economic dealings can be made perfect in large, crowded cities than elsewhere. Seen in this light, traffic jam is an unfortunate result of success, not a cause of economic decline and urban decay.

So while we can consider traffic jam as increasing costs on the areas of big cities, the costs of inaccessibility in uncrowded places are almost certainly greater.

There is no doubt that traffic jam brings the terrible economic and environmental damage in places like Bangkok, Jakarta, and Lagos. But mobility（移动性）is far higher and traffic jam levels are far lower here in the US, even in our most crowded cities. That’s why, for now, we don’t see people and capital streaming out of San Francisco and Chicago, heading for other cities in California, and Illinois.

32. We can conclude from the first paragraph that ________.

A. traffic jam and weather are the two factors preventing the development of the big city B. traffic jam seems to be very difficult to deal with

C. if traffic engineers try their best, traffic jam can be solved D. public officials are always criticized for misusing their power

33. According to the passage, what’s the author’s opinion towards traffic jam? A. In cities, traffic jam is unavoidable.

B. Traffic jam is both a sign of failure and a sign of success. C. Traffic jam is the consequence of successful cities. D. For a successful city, traffic jam is not unpreventable.

34. By seeing “decaying” (in Para. 3), the writer probably means ________. A. strong and healthy B. developing

C. rich and successful D. declining

35. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. The traffic jam level in Jakarta is lower than that in the US.

B. The traffic jam in San Francisco has resulted in the capital being empty. C. Traffic jam has caused terrible bad effects in cities such as Bangkok and Lagos. D. California is as crowded and successful as San Francisco. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Value of Tears

Tears can ruin make-up, bring conversation to a stop, and give you a runny nose. Tears leave you embarrassed and without energy. Still, crying is a fact of life, and your tears are very useful. Even when you’re not crying, they make a film over the eye’s surface. 36

When tears fall, they reduce stress. But we tend to fight them for all sorts of reasons. “People worry about showing their emotions（情绪）, afraid that once they lose control they’ll never get it back.” 37 After we cry, the feelings that caused the tears often disappear.

Sometimes people bee much stressed and can’t cry. Whatever emotion they are feeling – shock, anger, fear, or sadness—is being held back.

But everyone has the need to cry. Psychologist Vera Diamond explains that her treatment often consist of giving people permission to cry. 38 Patients practice crying just to bee used to expressing emotions. She suggests safe, private places to cry, like under the bedcovers or in the car. Crying is a way of ease tension, but people don’t like it when others cry because it makes them tense. 39 And they’ll do just about anything to make you stop.

In certain situations, such as at work, tears are not appropriate. It’s good not to cry during a tense business discussion. 40 You should also act out the whole situation again and be as noisy and angry as you like. It will help you feel better. “And,” she adds, “Once your tears have taken away the stress, you can begin to think calmly of ways to deal with the problem.”

Tears are a sign of our ability to feel. If you find yourself near someone crying, deal with it. And never be afraid to cry yourself. A. They too may be holding back a need to cry. B. They cry for different reasons. C. She gives crying exercises.

D. It contains a chemical against infection. E. The fact is no emotion lasts forever.

F. It forms in response to the stress on the surface of the eye. G. But once you’re safely behind closed doors, don’t just cry. 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从短每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Deed a Day

It was a busy day as usual. I was making sandwiches and balancing the phone between my shoulder and chin. The washing machine sounded as my husband walked in with our daughters. We had only about twenty minutes to eat 41 we had to take the girls to their next activity. My husband seemed a bit 42 that dinner was not on the table.

That night, I had a heavy 43 , thinking we were being taskmasters on an assembly line（流水线）. We had bee too 44 in our own tasks and not very considerate towards those around us. We needed to do something to bring back some meaning into our lives. It needed to be something that would 45 our own matters and energize us toward the mon good.

I bought a notebook, named it “Our Deed Diary” and held a family meeting. I told my family I wanted us all to think about doing a 46 for others every day. It could be for each other or for people outside our 47 . And we all needed to write it down in the notebook.

I thought one deed a day was too easy. However, it was actually 48 than it seemed because it had to be something 49 what we had already done. Sending birthday cards to people we already sent cards to every year would not 50 .

We had a rough 51 . On some days, someone would forget to 52 a good deed, while on other days, we would forget to write our good deeds in the diary. After a few weeks though, I found myself waking up in the morning trying to 53 what good deed I could do for someone that day. My daughters began to rush to me after school to 54 me the good deed they had done.

Now, after a year, I am happy to say that it is making a(n) 55 in our lives. Instead of always 56 what the day will bring for us, we think about what we can do for someone else.

Who would have thought that trying to do a simple kindness a day would be so 57 ? I feel my daughters have felt inner joy that you can only 58 by giving to someone else from your heart. The best thing is that you feel so great about doing something for someone else; you don’t even look for a expect anything in 59 . So, when someone does return the favor, it is an enormous and 60 bonus. 41. A. though 42. A. annoyed 43. A. shoulder 44. A. absorbed 45. AA. repeat 46. A. kindness 47. A. room

B. unless

C before

D. while

B. puzzled B. stomach

C. embarrassed C. foot

D. frightened D. heart

D. successful D. recall

B. interested

B. relate

C. confident

C. refocus

B. task B. home

C. job D. copy

D. town

D. bigger D. between D. happen

C. school

48. A. stranger 49. A. beyond 50. A. matter 51. A. time

B. sweeter B. from B. count

C. harder C. about

C. last

B. life

C. start

D. idea

D. do

52. A. praise 53. A. describe 54. A. bring

B. check C. record C. remember C. offer

B. decide B. teach

D. explain

D. tell D. fortune

55. A. effort B. choice B. believing B. moving B. imagine B. return

C. difference C. knowing

56. A. forgetting 57. A. tiring

D. wondering D. rewarding D. exchange D. order

C. surprising C. predict

C. time

58. A. experience 59. A. silence 60. A. negative

B. positive C. slight D. threatening

第二节：（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）