编号

河南机电高等专科学校 毕业设计（论文）

基于PLC的光伏控制系统

系 部: 自动控制系 专 业: 电气自动化技术 班 级: 自104班 姓 名: 郝亚磊 学 号: 101415426 指导老师: 张雷

二零一三年四月二十五日

摘要

摘 要

随着能源和环境问题的日益严重，太阳能等新能源的开发、利用越来越受到社会的关注，太阳能是一种理想的清洁绿色能源，但转换和利用率不高，造成了太阳能利用的局限性很大。如何提高太阳能的转换和利用率、降低发电系统建造成本是研究太阳能发电系统的两大难题。本系统基于西门子PLC等自动化产品设计一种结构简单、成本低廉且精度高的太阳能自动追踪系统，以提高太阳能的利用率。

本系统利用安装在太阳能电池组件的不同方位光敏传感器检测太阳与电池组件相对位置，检测结果传输给PLC，PLC通过变频器驱动三相低速同步电机动作，实现水平角控制。系统首先通过雨水传感器检测天气情况，如是雨天则自动停止在原位不工作；非雨天情况下系统自动追踪太阳，以使太阳能电池组件的辐照最大化。

由于时间及作者目前的知识限制，跟踪系统只是进行粗略的角度跟踪，有较大误差，今后如有机会再进行改进。

关键词：PLC ；变频器 ；太阳能 ；追踪

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Abstract

ABSTRACT

As the increasingly serious energy and environmental problems, solar and other new energy development and utilization of more and more get the attention of society, is a kind of ideal clean green energy, solar energy conversion and utilization is not high, cause the limitations of the solar energy utilization is very large. How to improve the solar energy conversion and utilization, reduce construction cost power generation system are two big problem in the study of solar power generation system. This system based on Siemens PLC and other automation products, design a simple structure, low cost and high precision automatic solar tracking system, in order to improve the utilization of solar energy.

Using this system installed in different position of the solar energy battery components solar battery components and relative positions, photosensitive sensor detection results transmitted to PLC, PLC by the movements of the inverter drive three-phase synchronous motor at low speed, Angle control implementation level. System first by weather conditions, rain sensor, rainy days don't work automatically stop in situ; Is not the rainy day, system automatically identify further and cloudy weather, the cloudy system automatically track the sun, to maximize the solar cell component of irradiation. Manual mode, the user can be manually adjusted according to demand level Angle and elevation Angle of the solar cell component. System has a bad weather self protection function at the same time, such as strong wind weather, system will automatically keep the solar cell component level, to reduce the windward side.

Due to time limit and the author's current knowledge, Angle tracking system is only for rough tracking, a greater error, if there is any chance to improve in the future.

Key words: PLC; Frequency converter; Servo; Solar energy; trackin

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