浙江广播电视大学

开放教育专科英语专业

《英语语法》课程重、难点

李兰波

lilb@zjtvu.edu.cn

u-2冠词4 I. 重难点提示

冠词置于名词之前,用来说明名词所指的人或事物,它不能离开名词而单独存在.英语冠词有: 1) 定冠词: 主要功用为 “特指”, 表示同类中的某一人或某一类人和物. 2) 不定冠词: 为 “泛指”, 指某类人或物中的任何一个或某一个.

3) 零冠词: 它是名词之前一种无形的冠词,用在一般所谓的不用冠词(定冠词与不定冠词)

的场合.有三类名词前使用零冠词：复数可数名词，不可数名词（用单数形式）及专有名词。本章要求熟记与冠词有搭配关系的常用习语以及一些不用冠词的固定词组。重点学习 “定冠词+单数形式的名词”的类指；不定冠词用于物质名词；不定冠词用于抽象名词、形容词最高级及序数词；不定冠词的位置；零冠词用于名词、零冠词用于 “零冠词+带定语的名词”结构。 II. 解题指导

Find the choice that best completes each of the following sentences: 1. Henry plays _______, but his brother prefers to play football. A. piano B. the piano C. a piano D. pianos

答案是B。定冠词+单形名词（常指动植物、文化设施、乐器、度量衡单位等）常表示 “一类”，该句的名词是“钢琴（乐器）”，因此在单数形式的前面要加定冠词。 2．Can you give me _____ chance ,please?

答案是A。一般来说，在序数词前加上定冠词表示顺序，排第几位。加上不定冠词表示“又、再”之意，该句的序数词在句中并无与其他事物一一排比的含义，而且表示“再、又”的意思，所以选用不定冠词。

3. Even on Sundays, fewer people go to _____ church than before. A. the B. a C. / D. that

答案是C. “ go to church”是 “去做礼拜” 这类不用冠词的固定词组还有“go to bed”, “go to work”, “ go to school”, “ go to class等.

4._____ universe is no longer _______ mystery to us.

A. A….a B. The….the C. An…..a D. The …..a

答案是D. 表示在世界上独一无二的事物时需用定冠词,如: the sun, the moon, the earth. The sky, the world, the universe (宇宙). 该题第二个空显然应该填不定冠词 “a”,表示 “一个”的意思.

III. 综合练习

(A). Find the choice that best completes each of the following sentences

1. We’ve already worked for _______ hour. A. the B. a C. an D. / 2. His son always gets up late in _______ .

A. any morning B. a morning C. morning D. the morning 3. That desk is made of ______.

1

A. wood B. a wood C. some woods D. the wood 4. John is ______ university student.

A. some B. any C. a D. an 5. _______ moon moves around ________ earth.

A. The … an B. The … the C. A …. An D. The … a 6. ______ People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. A. / B. The C. A D. An 7. This is ____ only example I can give you. A. a B. the C. an D. /

8. _______ is needed for _____ production of iron and steel.

A. The coal…a B. The coal ….the C. Coal … a D. Coal … the 9. They set up a school for _____ .

A. the deaf and the dumb B. a deaf and a dumb C. deaf and dumb D. a deaf and dumb

10. Most of ____ boys in our school are fond of ___ sports. A. the … / B. / … the C. the … the D. /…/ 11. I have told him ____ to be polite.

A. a much time B. much a time C. a many time D. many a time

12. We played two draws the other day, but when I tried _____ time, I was beaten. A. the third B. a third C. a three D. the three 13. I didn’t go to school yesterday because I had got ______.

A, headache B. a headache C. the headache D. an headache 14. Mother does most of _______ at home.

A. the cleaning B. clean C. cleaning D. a cleaning 15. A foreign language is a weapon in _______. A. struggle of life B. struggle of the life C. the struggle of life D. the struggle of the life 16. I wonder why _____ are so fond of action films.

A. the people B. people c. peoples D. the population 17. ______ has just taken his first step into ________. A. Man ….the space B. The man….the space C. The man …space D. Man….space 18. January is _______ month of the year.

A. first B. a first C. an first D. the first 19. My younger brother likes to play ______ . A. the table tennis B. table tennis C. a table tennis D. an table tennis 20. The Long March began in _____ .

A. the October, 1934 B. a October, 1934 C. October, 1934 D. an October, 1934

(B) From the four underlined parts in each of the following sentences choose the one that is wrong:

1. There was a news on the radio this morning about the earthquake in Japan.

2

A B C D

2.Tom and Mary are traveling in the Europe now. They plan to visit Germany, France and Spain.

A B C D

3. Beijing is one of most beautiful cities in the world.

A B C D

4. We all think that John is one of cleverest pupils in his class.

A B C D 5. Iris is very forgetful and so she worries great deal. A B C D

6. Radio and television are a important part of our daily lives today. A B C D

7. Television is the most modern instrument of communication, and gives us sound and picture

A B

at same time. C D

8. Since beginning of man’s life on the earth, human beings have produced waste materials.

A B C D

9. For years, young children at the school in western countries have been learning to count with the

A B C

help of the abacus.

D

10. Education in not an end, but the means to an end. A B C D

11. It’s pity that such a wise man as he should insist on the point.

A B C D

12. Mary taught English in an university ten years ago. A B C D

13. Last week I heard a lecture on a Chinese history. A B C D

14. My brother works in a factory. A factory is very big. A B C D

15.The bread and the butter seemed more delicious than anything he had ever eaten before.

A B C D

? Insert appropriate articles in the blanks of the following passages where necessary:

Passage one

When foreigners come to China for 1 first time, they are always surprised by 2 number of bicycles on 3 roads. China has more cyclists than any other country in 4 world.

Because 5 roads are so crowded with bicycles, it is very important for 6 cyclists to remember 7 traffic rules and regulations.

Before you ride your bicycle on 8 roads, you must register it and get 9 number for it. This number will be on 10 plate on your bicycle.

3

Passage two

One day in 1 winter of 1608, Galileo had 2 letter from 3 friend in 4 Holland.

“Some time ago,” his friend wrote, “ 5 Dutchman here made 6 new kind of instrument. The man’s name is Lippershey. Yesterday I saw 7 instrument for 8 first time. It has 9 special lens in it. When I looked through it, everything looked bigger, and nearer to me. I could see quite clearly 10 face of 11 person more than fifty metres away.”

Passage Three

In 1967, 1 group of scientists noticed strange radio signals from 2 space. When 3 scientists first heard them, they did not tell 4 newspapers anything about 5 matter, in case 6 public were frightened. People are always afraid of 7 strange things from space, and even 8 scientists could not understand what these signals were.

The signals were regular, and came from 9 part of 10 sky where there was no known star. They came at short intervals of wither 0.033 or 3.5 seconds. 11 Scientists were puzzled because 12 signals were so regular.

Answers to u-2 III.综合练习 (A) 1—20

CDACB / BBDAA / DBBAC / BDDBC (B) 1—15

BBBCD / BDAAC / ABDAB (C) passage A(1—10)

1.the 2.the 3. the 4. the 5.the 6./ 7.the 8.the 9.a 10.a passage B(1—11)

1.the 2.a 3.a 4./ 5.a

6.a 7.the 8.the 9.a 10.a 11.a passage C (1—12)

1.a 2./ 3. the 4. the 5. the

6.the 7./ 8. the 9.a 10.the 11.The 12.the

4