K12高考英语
Ialwayswantedtoknowwhatmymomwasreading.Hearingmomsay,\enewspaperthismorning,\mandknowallofthethingssheknew.SoIcarriedaroundabook,andeachnight,justtobelikeher,Iwouldpretendtobereading.
Thisishoweveryonelearnedtoread.Wewouldstartoffwithsentences,thenparagraphs,andthenstories.Itseemedanunendingjourney,butevenasasix-year-oldgirlIrealizedthatknowinghowtoreadcouldopenmanydoors.Whenmomsaid,\Yishiddenonthetopshelf,\edtoknoweverything.Ioftenfoundmyselftellingmymomtodrivemoreslowly,sothatIcouldreadalloftheroadsignswepassed.
Mostofmyreadingthroughprimary,middleandhighschoolwasfactualreading.Ireadforknowledge,andtomakeA'sonmytests.Occasionally,Iwouldreadanovelthatwasassigned,butIdidn'tenjoythistypeofreading.Ilikedfacts,thingsthatareconcrete.Ithoughtanythingabstractlefttoomuchroomforargument.
来&源中国@教育出版网#]
Yet,nowthatI'mgrowingandtheworldIonceknewasbeingsosimpleisbecomingmorecomplex,Ifindmyselfneedingawaytoescape.Byopeninganovel,IcanleavebehindmyburdensandenterintoawonderfulandmysteriousworldwhereIamnowanewcharacter.IntheseworldsIcanbecomeanyone.Idon'thavetowritedownwhathappenedorwhattechniquetheauthorwasusingwhenheorshewrotethis.Ijustreadtorelax.
We'retaughttoreadbecauseit'snecessaryformuchofhumanunderstanding.Readingisavitalpartofmylife.Readingsatisfiesmydesiretokeeplearning.AndI'vefoundthatthepossibilitiesthatliewithinbooksarelimitless.
41.Whydidtheauthorwanttograbthenewspaperoutofmom'shands？（） A.Shewantedmomtoreadthenewstoher. B.Shewasanxioustoknowwhathadhappened. C.Shecouldn'twaittotearthenewspaperapart.
中国^@教*%育出版网D.Shecouldn'thelpbutstopmomfromreading.
来^&%源中教网@~]42.AccordingtoParagraph3，theauthor'sreadingofroadsignsindicates___________
K12高考英语
K12高考英语
A.heruniquewaytolocateherself
B.hereagernesstodevelopherreadingability C.herefforttoremindmomtoobeytrafficrules D.hergrowingdesiretoknowtheworldaroundher. 43.Whatwastheauthor'sviewonfactualreading？（） A.Itwouldhelpherupdatetest-takingskills. B.Itwouldallowmuchroomforfreethinking. C.Itwouldprovidetrueandobjectiveinformation. D.Itwouldhelpshapearealisticandseriousattitudetolife. 44.Theauthortakesnovelreadingasawayto___________. A.exploreafantasyland B.developapassionforleaning
中@#国教育出~&版网C.learnabouttheadultcommunity
中国&%教育出版网*]D.getawayfromaconfusingworld
45.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？（） A.TheMagicofReading
[www.*zz%step.#c~o^m]B.ThePleasureofReading
来%源中教网#~*]C.GrowingUpwithReading
中国教@^育出版网%]D.ReadingMakesaFullMan
来源:~&中教网*@]C
Howdoesanecosystem
（
生
态
系
统
）
work
？？
Tofindananswer
，
来@源:*&WhatmakesthepopulationsofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyareWhyaretheresomanyfliesandsofewwolves
？
scientistshavebuiltmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs，notingwhoeatswhomandhowmucheachoneeats.
中国教育出版网
K12高考英语
K12高考英语
Withsuchmodels，
scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs，forinstance，consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.Whenapredator
（
掠
食
动
物
）
alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey（猎物），thetwospeciesarestronglylinked；whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies
，
theyareweaklylinked.Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies，itcansurvivetheextinction（灭绝）ofoneofthem.Andifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare
，
theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.Theweaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinction.
Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsmaybeunstable
wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.Inthe1960s
，，
scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies---includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.
Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop-downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.Intheoceanwefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale
，
whileonland
，，
wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.
Scientistshavebuiltanearly-warningsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideally
，
thesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.Preventioniskey
，
K12高考英语
K12高考英语
scientistssaysbecauseonceecosystemspasstheirtippingpointitisremarkablydifficultforthemtoreturn.
（临界点），
46.Whathavescientistsdiscoveredwiththehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs？（） A.Thelivinghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.来源~&:中教*%网
B.Therulesgoverningfoodwebsoftheecosystems.[w^ww&.#z*zstep.com%]
C.Theapproachestostudyingthespeciesintheecosystems. D.Thedifferencesbetweenweakandstronglinksinfoodwebs.中国%@教*^育出版网
47.Astronglinkisfoundbetweentwospecieswhenapredator______ A.hasawidefoodchoice B.caneasilyfindnewprey C.stickstoonepreyspecies D.canquicklymovetoanotherplace
48.Whatwillhappenifthepopulationsoftoppredatorsinafoodwebgreatlydecline？（）A.Thepreyspeciestheydirectlyattackwilldieout.
来源:#*中国教%育出~&版网
B.Thespeciestheyindirectlyattackwillturnintotoppredators. C.Thelivingenvironmentofotherspecieswillremainunchanged. D.Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedchanges. 49.WhatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtheexamplesinParagraph4？（） A.Uncontrolledhumanactivitiesgreatlyupsetecosystems. B.Rapideconomicdevelopmentthreatensanimalhabitats. C.Speciesofcommercialvaluedominateotherspecies. D.Industrialactivitieshelpkeepfoodwebsstable.
50.Howdoesanearly-warningsystemhelpusmaintaintheecologicalbalance？（）A.Bygettingillegalpracticesundercontrol.中国^&教育*~%出版网
B.Bystoppingusfromkillinglargepredators.来源:zz&step.co@~m%]
K12高考英语