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Lesson 1

A. 词义的理解与语义转换 1) We must honestly recognize where we are now. (1.2) 正视

2) When we view the negative experiences of life, the Negro has a double share. (1.8)

不如意之事 坎坷经历

若论人生坎坷，黑人可谓倍加艰辛。

3) We must massively assert our dignity and worth. (3.1) Impressively ？

让世人知道 4) We must stand up amidst a system that still oppresses us and develop an

unassailable and majestic sense of values. (3.2) Develop a habit drop a habit Develop a sense 意识

Translation skill 词性转换

B. 词汇扩展

1） A white lie is better than a black lie. (4.5) I had a white night, thinking of you.

white elephant allusion 典故

Trademark 白象

白马王子？white horse ？ Mr. Right

Prince charming white meat fish/bird

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red meat 红肉

2) The most degenerate member of a family is a black sheep. (4.6) blacklist black market

黑马 dark horse

Scapegoat＝替罪羊＝Whipboy

Allusion

3) ?teachers will not be forced to teach the Negro child sixty ways to despise himself, and thereby perpetuate his false sense of inferiority, and the white child 134 ways to adore himself, and thereby perpetuate his false sense of superiority （4.7） inferiority complex superiority complex

恋父情结 Electra complex 恋母情结 Oedipus complex

c. 搭配 collocation

1. the Negro is in dire need of this kind of legitimate power (6.2)紧急，极端 dire warning/prediction/forecast (a warning about something terrible that will happen in the future)

Last night there were dire warnings of civil war. 2. …the preserving of the status quo (6.11)

maintain / preserve / defend the status quo 3. And one of the great problems of history is that the concepts of love and power have usually been contrasted as opposites -- polar opposites- (7.5) （ ？)

polar extreme

d．句子理解

1） The job of arousing manhood within a people （that have been taught for so many centuries that they are nobody ）is not easy. （3.4）

2） Power is the ability// of a labor union like the UAW to make the most powerful corporation in the world, General Motors, say 'Yes' when it wants to say 'No.' That's power. （line three from the bottom, Paragraph 6）

3) What is needed is a realization that power without love is reckless and abusive, and love without power is sentimental and anemic. (8.6) Anemic： weak；贫血的 =Anaemic Anaemia 贫血

2

4)

Now, early in this century this proposal would have been greeted with ridicule and denunciation, （considered） as destructive of initiative and responsibility. (10.2)

5)

The fact is that the work （which improves the condition of mankind, the work which extends knowledge and increases power and enriches literature and elevates thought,） is not done to secure a living (12.1)

She didn‘t

marry himfor he was rich The work is not 不是这样的

done to secure a living ＝被做以谋生

不是为了谋生而做

e．修辞 （Rhetoric）figure of speech

1. Antithesis （A figure of speech in which sharply contrasting ideas are juxtaposed in a balanced or parallel phrase or grammatical structure）

1) As long as the mind is enslaved, the body can never be free. (5.5) 2) …love is identified with a resignation of power, and power with a denial of love. (7.5)

2．Metaphor simile (like, as)

1) Psychological freedom, a firm sense of self-esteem, is the most powerful weapon against the long night of physical slavery. (5.6) Self-esteem 自信

2) The negro will only be free when he reaches down to the inner depths of his own being and signs with the pen and ink of assertive manhood his own emancipation proclamation. (5.9)

3．Personal conflicts among husbands, wives and children will diminish when the unjust measurement of human worth on the scale of dollars is eliminated. （14.4）

3. parallel

1)The tendency to ignore the Negro's contribution to American life and to strip him of his personhood is as old as the earliest history books and as contemporary as the morning's newspaper. (5.1)

Stripper

Exotic dancing

2) Power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice, and justice at its best is power correcting everything that stands against love. （8.6）

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4. Alliteration

1）Now a lot of us are preachers, and all of us have our moral believes and concerns, and so often have problems with power. (7.1)

Xiamen is a city full of vigor and vitality

2） It is precisely this collision of immoral power with powerless morality which constitutes the major crisis of our times. (9.2)

f. 熟词偏义

1. And, in the thinking of that day, the absence of worldly goods indicated a want of industrious habits and moral fiber. (10.5)

Want =lack

He knows no want in his life. 他什么都不缺

Lesson3

Text Analysis

A. 词义理解与翻译

1. Today we are in the throes of a world wide reformation of cultures, a tectonic shift of habits and dreams called, in the curious vocabulary of social scientists, ―globalization‖. (1.1) a) in the throes of ? b) reformation ? c) tectonic shift?

d) curious vocabulary?

今天我们正经历世界范围文化嬗变的阵痛，习俗和追求都在发生剧变，这用社会学家新奇的话来说就是，“全球化”。

2. It‘s an inexact term for a wild assortment of changes in politics… (1.3) a) a wild assortment ? variety

3. Still, the basic dynamic remains the same: Goods move. People move. Ideas move. And cultures change. a) dynamic: ? 态势

4. Popular factions sprout to exploit nationalist anxieties. (5.1)

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