(12) 2-丁炔-1-醇;(13) 对异丁基苯酚。
8.2 (1) (CH3)2CBrCH2CH3;(2) t-C4H9Br + C2H5OH;(3) C2H5SCH3 + CH3I;
OH(4)O慢OH(8)+ CH3BrOH(5) ;
SHI2(6);
H(9)OHS(7)CO2Na;
O2N(10);
;OCH2CH2CH3;
HOBrCH3H (R)C2H5;
(11)A(R)-C2H5CHCH3OHBCH2=C(CH3)2 +HO,
OHC.COCH2CH3COC2H5;
(12)A (CH3CH2CO)2OB.;;
(13) A. C2H5OCHBrCH3B. C2H5OCH=CH2 C. C2H5OH + CH3CHOCH3B. (R)-C2H5CHCH2BrCH3(14)A. (R)-C2H5CHCH2OSO2CH3C. C2H5CH(CH3)2;
(15) A.COCH3CH3OHCHCHB.OCH3CH3OHCH3;
D.HOCHCH3HCCH3OHHO(16) A.B. CH3CHOC.CH3CH3HCH3
8.3 (1)
NaI, 丙酮SN2OCH3, CH3OHSN2;(2)H2/PtNa2Cr2O7, H3O;
OCH3Mg, 醚D2OOH(3)
(5)PBr3KCNNaSHAB;
(4)Br2CH3CO2HMe2SO4, OHBrBr;
TsCl吡啶B2H4 醚CH3O(SN2)NaOHH2O2(6)CH3SO2ClNaCN醇;
Na2Cr2O7, H3O;
(7);
(8),(9)HBr-HOHOH;
CrO3, HCrO3吡啶.
8.4 (1) b > a > c >> d;(2) A b > c > a,B. b < c < a;(3) a > c > b;(4) c < a < b;
(5) 沸点: 1,4-丁二醇(230oC) > 1,2- 丁二醇(192oC), 后者以分子内的氢键为主,所以沸点低,在水中溶解度也低. (6) a > b > c. 8.5
(1)H?; (10)H3OHOC(CH3)3OH+ C(CH3)3CH2=C(CH3)2-H(2)H- H2OCH3CHCH3HHOCH2CH2CH3CH3CH3-HCH3CH3(3)OOO+OCH2CH2CH3H-HO(4)OCH2CH2CH3CH3SCH3 + (CH3)2C=CH2
(CH3)3COE2SN2+(CH3)2SCH2C(CH3)2HCH2=CH*CH2I
(5)1) H2) - H2OCH2CH=*CH2ClClCH2CH=*CH2 + CH2=CH*CH2Cl
8.6
(1) CH3CH2CH=CH2(或2-丁烯) + H3O3 CH3CH2CH=CH2 + BH3(n-C4H9)3BCH3CH2CH(OH)CH3;
H2O2, OH3 n-C4H9OH(CH3)2C=CH2 + H3O3 (CH3)2C=CH2 + BH3(2)Cl2500Co(CH3)3COH(CH3)2CHCH23BH2O2, OH3 (CH3)2CHCH2OH
HOClCa(OH)2- HClNaOH, H2O-NaCl(3)H2, Pb, CaCO3HClHCCNaH2, Pd, CaCO3喹啉HOClKOHCH3(4)H2SO4NaOH熔CHCl3OH
8.7 (1) 用Na2Cr2O7—H2O,H2SO4产生颜色变化。另法:Na或CH3MgI都与醇反应产生气
体(H2或CH4),醚不反应。(2) Na2Cr2O7.H2O.H2SO4, 另法:Na或CH3MgI都与醇反应产生气体。(3) Na2Cr2O7.H2O.H2SO4. (4) Br2, CCl4. 另法:Na或CH3MgI都与醇反应产生气体。 8.8
CH3SO3H(1) CH3CH(OH)C(CH3)3H—H2O(CH3)2CC(CH3)21) O32) H2O, ZnCH3COCH3
(2) A (CH3)3COH, B (CH3)2CHCH2OH, C (CH3)2CHOCH3
第九章
9.1 (1) 丁酮;(2) 2,2-二甲基环己酮;(3) 甲基环戊基酮;(4) 对氯苯甲醛;(5) 3,3
-二甲基-2-丁酮;(6) 3-羰基-2-乙基丁醛;(7) 3-甲氧基丁醛;(8) (S)-2,3-二羟基丙醛(L-甘油醛)。
(2)9.2 (1) CH3COCH2CH(CH3)2;
COCH3O;
(3)ClO;
(4)CH=CHCHO;
(5)CHO3(6)CHO;
CH3;
(7)CH3CH2CH(OC2H5)2;
CH3CO(10)(8)CH=NNHC6H5HClCH3。
;(9)CH3CH=NOH;
9.3
OH(2)C2H5CCH3CN;
(1)CH3C2H5COO(3)(a)C2H5CCH3(M= Li 或 Al)OH(b)C2H5CHCH3
(4);
O M
;
(6) 一般不反应CH3CH2CHCH3OH;
(5)CH3CH2CH2CH3;
O(7) (a)C2H5CNaNaCH2和CH3CHOCCH3,
OO(b)C2H5CC2H5和(CH3)2CHCCH3;
(8)C2H5C=NNH;
(9)(a)OMgBrC2H5CH(CH3)3OH(b)C2H5C(CH3)2;
CH3(a)C2H5C(SCH3)2 (10)(13)(a)C2H5C(CH3)C6H5O Li(b)(b)C2H5CH2CH3;(11)不反应;
C2H5C(CH3)C6H5OH(12)CH3OC2H5CCH2CC2H5OH
;(14)不反应;(15)H(3)CH3(4)OC2H5OCCH3。 OOCH39.4
(1)OCH=CHCOOH;(2)(CH2OH)3CNO2(6)NO2;
NHCONH3BrOHHCHO;
;
(5)CH3PhH(S)HOH(R)CH3主CH3PhH(S)HOH(S)CH3次Beckmann重排;
(7)APhP=CCl2+ONa-HB C6H5CH=CCl2OB;
(8)AClCH2C=CH2H;
(9)OCH2+ CH2NO2OCH2CH2NO2。
9.5
(1)NaBH4H3PO4?;(5);
(2)CH3MgBrH3O(3)NaOH,H2OH?;
Mg,醚CO2;
H3O(4)NaOH, H2OH?SeO2,50oCNaOH, H2O?(重排)H;(6)H3O?;
(7)Na2Cr2O7, HNaCCHH2O(8)HCN;。
9.6
(1)D2O, OD(2)HSLiAlD4, THF or NaBH4H2, NiH2O
(4)LiAlH4, THFD2O(3) (1) 的产物SH, BF3
(5)HSSH, BF3D2, Ni (6)CD3CD2MgBr, 醚H2O