考点：考查时态和语态 【名师点睛】

一般将来时

①表示未来的动作或状态常用will / shall + 动词（常与表示将来的时间状语边用如tomorrow、next week等）。 ②表示一种趋向或习惯动作。 We’ll die without air or water.

③表示趋向行为的动词如come、go、start、begin、leave等词常用进行时的形式表示将来时。 ④be going to与will / shall, be to do, be about to do用法及区别： A shall / will do表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定。

B be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备； be going to 表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而will则能，表意愿。如： If it is fine, we’ll go fishing.(正确)

If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(错误)

C be to do sth.表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。 A meeting is to be held at 3:00 o’clock this afternoon.

D be about to do sth.表示“即将或者正要去做某事”，通常不与时间状语连用,但可与when引导的从句连用，构成常考句型：sb was about to do when sb did sth。 Autumn harvest is about to start. 被动语态的构成

现在时 过去时 将来时 注意：

含有情态动词的谓语变化为被动语态：由“情态动词（can, may must, have to等）+be +动词的-ed形式构成。 含有“be going to , be to, used to, be about to”等结构的复合谓语变为被动语态：其构成为“be going to （be to, used to, be about to）+ be +动词的-ed形式”。

一般式 am/is/are+p.p was/were+ p.p shall/will+be+p.p 进行式 am/is/are+being+ p.p was/were+being+ p.p 完成式 have/has+been + p.p had +been + p.p shall/will+have been+ p.p 第13页 共42页

31.I love the weekend,because I_____ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.

A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. wouldn’t D. shouldn’t 【答案】A

考点：考查情态动词 【名师点睛】

常用的情态动词有can，may，must，need,should, had better. 1. can 的用法：

① 表示能力 “能，会” eg: He can speak a little Japanese.他会说一点日语。 ② 表示请求或许可 “可以” eg: Can I help you? 要我帮忙吗?

③ 表示猜测 “可能” eg: Where can she go now? 她可能到哪里去了呢? 2.may 的用法：

①表示请求或允许 “可以”“准许” eg: May I go home，please?请问我可以回家吗?

② 表示可能性 “ 可能”、也许” eg: I think it may rain this afternoon. 我想今天下午可能下雨。 注：might为may的过去式，但也可以代替may，语气较为婉转客气或更加不肯定。

eg: ① He might not come today.今天他也许不来了。(语气不肯定)

②You might also get a headache when you work too hard，当你工作太努力时，你也可能患头痛 3. must的用法：

①表示义务、必要或命令 “必须、应该” eg: You must come early tomorrow．你明天得早来。 ② 表示推测时“肯定，一定” eg: They must be at home.The light is on 他们肯定在家,灯亮着呢. ③ must not 禁止，不许 eg: You must not tell lies. 你不许撒谎。

注意： ①must开头的疑问句，其否定回答通常用 don't have to 或needn't 。而不用mustn't eg: ---Must I finish my homework first? 我必须先完成作业吗？ ---No, you don't have to/ needn't. 不，你不必。

② can 和 must在 表推测时，can一般否定句中，而must 常用于肯定句中。 eg: ①It can not be Li Lei 那个人不可能是李磊 ② It must be Li Lei 那个人肯定是李磊。 4. need 的用法：

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① 情态动词 “需要, 有必要”一般用于否定句或疑问句中。 eg: You needn't come here this afternoon.你今天下午不必来。 ② 行为动词 “需要, 有必要” 可以用于各种句式中。 eg: ①You don't need to go now. 你不必现在就走。 ② I need to have a rest. 我需要休息一下

③ Do we need to finish all the work today? 我们今天需要完成所有的工作吗？ need的用法的助记口诀：

实义动词表“需要”，后接名、代、不定式。 need后接动名词，主动形式表被动。 情态动词表“需要”，没有人称 数之变。 其后直接加动原，多用疑问与否定。

32.Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, _______ the old town into a dreamland.

A. turn B. turning C. to turn D. turned 【答案】B 【解析】

试题分析：题目考查现在分词表伴随状况。句意：新建的木屋林立在街道的两旁，使古镇变成了一个梦幻之地。turn的逻辑主语是cottages，两者是主动关系，故用现在分词，表示主动和伴随，故选B。 考点：考查现在分词 【名师点睛】

现在分词和过去分词的区别：

在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义；

在时间上，现在分词表示的动作往往正在进行或者与谓语动词同时发生，过去分词表示的动作已经完成或没有一定的时间性。

如：falling leaves 正在下落的树叶 fallen leaves 已经落在地上的树叶 一、分词的作用 1、 作定语

（1） 单个分词作定语，分词前置。如： The sleeping boy is my son.

The excited people rushed into the building. A lost opportunity never returns. He is a retired worker.

（2） 分词短语作定语，分词后置；分词修饰不定代词something等要后置；个别分词如give，left等作定

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语也后置。如：

The girl standing under the tree is my niece. The building built last year is our library. This is the question given. There is nothing interesting.

（3） 过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。如：Most of the people

invited to the party were famous scientists

2. The first textbook ______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. have written B. to be written C. being written D. written 3. What’s the language ______ in Germany?

A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 4. Prices of daily goods ______ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying.

5. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door ______ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.” A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading 2、 作状语

现在分词和过去分词在句中可以作时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果等状语。 Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call. As I didn’t receive any letter from him, I gave him a call. Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.

If more attention was given, the trees could have grown better.(条件) Walking along the street, I ran across my old friend. Bitten by a snake, he was taken to hospital(原因). Though defeated, he didn’t lose heart. (让步) He lay on the grass, looking into the sky. (伴随) He came running to tell me the good news. (方式) 6. ______ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.

A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. Having been followed 7. There was a terrible noise______ the sudden burst of light.

A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 8. ______, liquids can be changed into gases.

A. Heating B. To be heated C. Heated D. Heat

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