设计一座苯-氯苯连续板式精馏塔_毕业设计 下载本文

式中:x?D/2??Wd?Ws??0.8??0.176?0.100??0.524m

R?D/2?Wc?0.8?0.060?0.740m

3.开孔数n和开孔率φ

取筛孔的孔径do?5mm,正三角形排列,筛板采用碳钢,其厚度δ?3mm,且取t/do?3.0。故孔心距t?3?5?15mm。

?1155?103??1155?103???每层塔板的开孔数n??2??Aa???152??1.408?7228(孔) t????每层塔板的开孔率φ?0.907?t/do?2?0.907 ?0.101(φ应在5~15%,故满足要求)23每层塔板的开孔面积Ao??Aa?0.101?1.408?0.142m2 气体通过筛孔的孔速uo?Vs/Ao?1.804/0.142?12.70m/s (三)筛板的流体力学验算 1.塔板压降

(1)由d0/??5/3?1.67查图5-10得c0=0.772

?uo??V?12.70?2.88??hc?0.051?0.051?0.0468m ???C??0.772850.19???o?L22 (2)气体通过液层的阻力hl由下式计算

hl??hL ua?A?ATVsf?1.804?0.95 m/s

2.01?0.11256F0?ua?Lv?0.952.88?1.61kg1/2/(s?m1/2)

查表5-11,得β=0.57.

h??hl??(hw?how)?0.57(0.0481?0.0119)?0.0342m液柱

(3)液体表面张力的阻力h?计算

液体表面张力所产生的阻力 h?由下式计算

h???4?LLgd04?20.67?10?3??0.0020m液柱 850.19?9.81?0.005气体通过每层塔板的液柱高度为

hp?hc?hl?h??0.0468?0.0342?0.0020?0.083m 液柱 气体通过每层塔板的压降为

(满足工艺?pp??Lghp?850.19?9.81?0.083?692.25Pa?0.69kPa?0.7kPa要求) 2.液面落差

对于筛板塔,液面落差很小,且本案例的塔径和液流量均不大,故可忽略液面落差的影响。 3.液沫夹带

5.7?10?uaeV?????HT?hf?6?? ??3.2式中:hf?2.5hL=2.5×0.06=0.15

3.25.7?10?ua?5.7?10?6?0.95?eV?????20.67?10?3??0.45?2.5?0.06?? ??HT?hf???0.011kg液/kg气?0.1kg液/kg气(满足要求)?63.2在本设计中液沫夹带量在允许范围中。 4.漏液

漏液点的气速uom

uom?4.4Co?0.0056?0.13hL?h???L/?V?4.4?0.772?0.0056?0.13?0.06?0.002?850.19/2.88

?6.23m/s筛板的稳定性系数K?5.液泛

uo12.7??2.04?1.5(不会产生过量液漏) uom6.24为防止降液管发生液泛,应使降液管中的清液层高度Hd?Φ?HT?hw? 苯—氯苯物系属于一般物系,取φ=0.5

??0.25m ??HT?hw??0.5?0.45?0.0481而Hd?hp?hL?hd 板上不设进口堰,则

?Ls??0.00213??hd?0.153??0.153m ???0.001?lh?1.12?0.0238???wo?22Hd?0.083?0.06?0.001?0.144m Hd?Φ?HT?hw?成立,故不会产生液泛。 七.塔板负荷性能图 1.液沫夹带线(1)

以ev?0.1kg液/kg气为限,求Vs_Ls关系如下

5.7?10?uaev?????HT?hf?6?(7-1) ?

??3.2式中:ua?VsVs??0.53Vs

AT?Af2.01?0.11256hf?2.5hL?2.5?hw?how?2/3??3600Ls????2.5?0.0481?0.00284E??l???w?????

2/3??3600Ls???2.5?0.0481?0.00284?1???0.96??????/3?0.12?1.71L2S将已知数据代入式(7-1)

5.7?1020.67?10?3?6??0.53Vs?2/3??0.5?0.12?1.71Ls?3.2?0.1

/3Vs?4.524?20.359L2s (7-2)

在操作范围内,任取几个Ls值,依式(7-2)算出对应的Vs值列于下表:

表7-1

Ls,m3/s Vs,m3/s 0.0005 4.396 0.005 3.929 0.01 3.579 0.015 3.286 0.02 3.024 依据表中数据作出雾沫夹带线(1) 2.液泛线(2)

Φ?HT?hw??hp?hw?how?hd (7-3)

?3600Ls??how?0.00284E??l?w??/3?0.6855L2s?uo??hc?0.051?C???o?22/3?3600Ls??0.00284?1???0.96?2/3

??V????L?Vs?????0.051??CA????oo?22??V????L????Vs???2.88??0.051?????0.772?0.142??850.19??0.01438Vs2/3hl???hw?how??0.570.0481?0.6855L2s/3?0.02742?0.3907L2s

??

h??0.002

/3hp?hc?hl?h??0.01438Vs2?0.3907L2?0.02942s

?Ls?Ls??2?hd?0.153??0.153?186.95L??s ?lh??0.96?0.0298??wo?/30.5?0.45?0.0481??0.01438Vs2?0.3907L2?0.02942?0.0481s22???0.6855L2/3s?186.95L2s

/3(7-4) Vs2?11.93?74.84L2?13000.7L2ss

在操作范围内,任取几个Ls值,依式(7-4)算出对应的Vs值列于下表:

表7-2

Ls,m3/s Vs,m3/s 0.0005 3.385 0.005 3.069 0.01 2.675 0.015 2.11 0.02 1.1 依据表中数据作出液泛线(2)