英语学习讲义
小题提分练8 语法填空＋短文改错
限时30分钟
第1组—————————————————— 语法填空 (原创)
There are certain things we take for granted but prove to be missions impossible for astronauts working in outer space. How to wash clothes is one of 1 . You may just throw your dirty laundry into a washing machine, but that's not a 2 (choose) for astronauts, as there is no gravity in space.
At present they need to wear the same clothes for several days, or take 3 large number of clothes. For example, a two-year six-person mission can need 2,722 kg of clothes.
But 4 (lucky), this will not be a problem for much 5 (long). Recently Russia 6 (announce) that it is developing a specialized washing machine for astronauts to use in space.
Unlike the washing machines we use in our 7 (day) lives, this machine will not use water. It will store the carbon dioxide 8 (produce) by the astronauts' breathing in spacecraft. And then special technology 9 (use) to turn the gas under high pressure into a liquid in order to clean clothes.
10 this washing machine, astronauts won't have to carry such a burden into space. Researchers think that it will play an important role in future interplanetary (星际间的) exploration.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】 太空中因为没有重力，不可能洗衣服。宇航员只好连续数天穿同一件衣服或带许多衣服到太空，但是正在研制中的洗衣机可以解决这个问题。
好好努力 梦想终会实现 1
英语学习讲义
1．them 考查代词。设空在句中作宾语，且指代上文中提到的复数名词things，故用代词them。
2．choice 考查词形转换。设空前是冠词a, 设空后是介词for, 结合语境“这不是一个选择”， 故此处填名词choice。
3．a 考查固定短语。 a large number of “大量的；许多的”， 是固定短语，故填冠词a。
4．luckily 考查词形转换。设空在句中作状语，修饰全句，应用副词作状语，故填luckily。
5．longer 考查比较级。设空前是比较级修饰语much, 故设空处填比较级longer。
6．has announced 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空在句中作谓语，且句中时间状语是recently, 故谓语用现在完成时，主语为Russia，，填has announced。
7．daily 考查词形转换。设空在句中作定语，修饰名词lives, 应用形容词，表“日常的”， 填daily。
8．produced 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语will store，设空在句中作定语，修饰名词 the carbon dioxide, produce与the carbon dioxide是逻辑上的动宾关系， 应用过去分词作定语，填produced。
9．will be used 考查动词的时态和语态。该段叙述的是将来的事情， 应用一般将来时，主语technology与use是被动关
好好努力 梦想终会实现
2
英语学习讲义
系， 应用一般将来时的被动语态，故填will be used。
10．With 考查介词。根据语境“有了这种洗衣机，宇航员就不必带那么多负担到太空”可知，此处填介词With, 表“有”。
短文改错 (2019·湖北八校二次联考)
China and Western country may have different cultural beliefs about certain animals. But when it comes to pigs, we somehow reached an agreement that pigs are lazy, ugly, stupidly and shameless. Neither of these words describing pigs are exactly positive. Moreover, the truth is what pigs have some good qualities. And there's probably no good time to clear their names than now. According to a paper publishing in 2017, pigs can tell between those who treat them well or those who don't. Perhaps these are the qualities of pigs to keep it in mind—their intelligence, cuteness and patience.
答案与解析
好好努力 梦想终会实现 3
英语学习讲义
①country→countries 考查名词的数。句意：中国和西方国家可能对某些动物有不同的文化观念。此处表示不只一个国家，应用复数，故country改为countries。
②reached→reach 考查动词的时态。短文整体时态是一般现在时，故该句谓语用一般现在时，故reached改为reach。
③stupidly→stupid 考查形容词。句意：一谈到猪，我们会认为它们是懒惰的、丑陋的、愚蠢的和无耻的。此处用形容词作表语，故stupidly改为stupid。
④Neither→None 考查代词。句意：这些形容猪的词语都是贬义词的。上文提到的lazy、 ugly、 stupid、 shameless是四个，应用none。neither表两者都不，none是指三者及三者以上都不，故Neither改为None。
⑤Moreover→However 考查副词。句意：这些词没有一个是积极的，但是事实上猪的确有一些好的品质。根据句意可知此处表转折，故Moreover改为However。
好好努力 梦想终会实现 4