? Seeing is believing.
? Not finishing school can affect your whole life.
b. 将 it放句首做形式主语，把动名词置于句末的常用结构。
It is + a waste of time/no good/not any good/no use/useless + doing sth. ? It is no use talking to him again. ? It is no good (your) refusing to do it.
★小试身手★ ? ? ? ?
________ is an important decision in a person’s life. （结婚） ________ is against the law. （酒后驾车）
_________ relaxes me at the end of the day.（听古典音乐） 跟他聊天就是浪费时间。
2. 动名词结构作表语 ? My job is teaching English.
★小试身手★ 1)
他们的工作是为残疾人制造轮椅。 _________wheelchairs for disabled people.
★区分用法★
作主语 含义 例句 To lie is wrong. 一次性的具体的动作 不定式to do 有特定的动作执行者 To live in Beijing is the height of Tom’s ambition. Lying is wrong. 抽象的泛指的动作无特定的动作执动名词doing 行者 Swimming is good exercise.
作表语 含义 例句 His job is to paint the 不定式to do 一次性、具体的、将要发生的动作 walls. His job is painting walls. 动名词doing 一般性、抽象的、经常发生的动作 他的工作是粉刷墙。（这是他日常的工作）
三、分词（现在分词 doing和过去分词 done） 1. 现在分词和过去分词结构作定语 a)
分词做定语的基本含义。
分词有两种：现在分词和过去分词。这两种在句子中能担任的成分大体相同。
? 现在分词一般有主动的意思 ? 过去分词一般有被动的意思
用现在分词做定语的句子（表示主动） 用过去分词做定语的句子 1) Interested members will meet at two. 2) The house built last year is very beautiful. 1) He is an interesting man. 2) The house standing there belongs to me. b)
分词作定语的重要知识点：
(1) 单独作定语，应放在被修饰的名词之前，在更多情况下，可以用分词短语作定语，这
时分词短语应放在被修饰的名词之后，在意义上也相当于一个定语从句，如： ? 现在分词：touching story / leading cadres / shining example / coming week / ? 过去分词：skilled worker / armed forces / boiled water / steamed bread 1) Barking dogs seldom bite.
2) Soon our respected and beloved leaders entered the banquet hall. 3) Who is the man standing (= that is standing) by the door? 4) They built a highway leading (= which leads) into the mountains.
? ★小试身手★ 1. 写出下列短语的意思 1) the rising sun 2) fallen leaves 3) faded flowers
_____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________
4) returned students 5) retired workers
6) the exploded bomb 7) departed friends
_____________________
_____________________
2. 把分词做定语改成定语从句或者定语从句改成分词作定语 1) They are problems left over by history.
2) Have you read any short stories which were written by Lu Xun?
3) developing countries = 4) a city that is growing =
(2) 作定语的现在分词和过去分词所表示的动作发生的时间不同 1)
表示正在进行的动作, (变为从句时要用进行时态), 如：
? Tell the children playing there (who are playing there) not to make so much noise. ? Did you see the man talking (who was talking) to the manager? 2)
表示经常性的动作, 或现在 (或当时) 的状态, (变为从句时, 用一般时态), 如：
? They lived in a room facing (= that faced) the south.
? The house standing (= that stands) at the corner of the street was built in 1955. 3)
过去分词作定语时，过去分词所表示的动作可以在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，也可以是没有一定的时间性，如：
? The meeting held(which was held) last week is very important. ? He is a man loved (who is loved)by all.