2020×îб±Ê¦´ó°æÆßÄ꼶ÊýѧϲáÈ«²á֪ʶµã×ܽá
µÚÒ»Õ£ºÕûʽµÄÔËËã
µ¥Ïîʽ Õû ʽ ¶àÏîʽ
ͬµ×ÊýÃݵij˷¨
Õû ʽ Ãݵij˷½ µÄ »ýµÄ³Ë·½
ÔË Ëã ÃÝÔËËã ͬµ×ÊýÃݵijý·¨ ÁãÖ¸ÊýÃÝ ¸ºÖ¸ÊýÃÝ ÕûʽµÄ¼Ó¼õ
µ¥ÏîʽÓëµ¥ÏîʽÏà³Ë µ¥ÏîʽÓë¶àÏîʽÏà³Ë ÕûʽµÄ³Ë·¨ ¶àÏîʽÓë¶àÏîʽÏà³Ë ÕûʽÔËËã ƽ·½²î¹«Ê½ Íêȫƽ·½¹«Ê½ µ¥Ïîʽ³ýÒÔµ¥Ïîʽ ÕûʽµÄ³ý·¨
¶àÏîʽ³ýÒÔµ¥Ïîʽ Ò»¡¢µ¥Ïîʽ
1¡¢¶¼ÊÇÊý×ÖÓë×ÖĸµÄ³Ë»ýµÄ´úÊýʽ½Ð×öµ¥Ïîʽ¡£ 2¡¢µ¥ÏîʽµÄÊý×ÖÒòÊý½Ð×öµ¥ÏîʽµÄϵÊý¡£
1
3¡¢µ¥ÏîʽÖÐËùÓÐ×ÖĸµÄÖ¸ÊýºÍ½Ð×öµ¥ÏîʽµÄ´ÎÊý¡£ 4¡¢µ¥¶ÀÒ»¸öÊý»òÒ»¸ö×ÖĸҲÊǵ¥Ïîʽ¡£ 5¡¢Ö»º¬ÓÐ×ÖĸÒòʽµÄµ¥ÏîʽµÄϵÊýÊÇ1»ò¨D1¡£ 6¡¢µ¥¶ÀµÄÒ»¸öÊý×ÖÊǵ¥Ïîʽ£¬ËüµÄϵÊýÊÇËü±¾Éí¡£ 7¡¢µ¥¶ÀµÄÒ»¸ö·ÇÁã³£ÊýµÄ´ÎÊýÊÇ0¡£
8¡¢µ¥ÏîʽÖÐÖ»Äܺ¬Óг˷¨»ò³Ë·½ÔËË㣬¶ø²»Äܺ¬Óмӡ¢¼õµÈÆäËûÔËËã¡£ 9¡¢µ¥ÏîʽµÄϵÊý°üÀ¨ËüÇ°ÃæµÄ·ûºÅ¡£
10¡¢µ¥ÏîʽµÄϵÊýÊÇ´ø·ÖÊýʱ£¬Ó¦»¯³É¼Ù·ÖÊý¡£ 11¡¢µ¥ÏîʽµÄϵÊýÊÇ1»ò¨D1ʱ£¬Í¨³£Ê¡ÂÔÊý×Ö¡°1¡±¡£ 12¡¢µ¥ÏîʽµÄ´ÎÊý½öÓë×ÖĸÓйأ¬Óëµ¥ÏîʽµÄϵÊýÎ޹ء£ ¶þ¡¢¶àÏîʽ
1¡¢¼¸¸öµ¥ÏîʽµÄºÍ½Ð×ö¶àÏîʽ¡£
2¡¢¶àÏîʽÖеÄÿһ¸öµ¥Ïîʽ½Ð×ö¶àÏîʽµÄÏî¡£ 3¡¢¶àÏîʽÖв»º¬×ÖĸµÄÏî½Ð×ö³£ÊýÏî¡£ 4¡¢Ò»¸ö¶àÏîʽÓм¸Ï¾Í½Ð×ö¼¸Ïîʽ¡£ 5¡¢¶àÏîʽµÄÿһÏ°üÀ¨ÏîÇ°ÃæµÄ·ûºÅ¡£ 6¡¢¶àÏîʽûÓÐϵÊýµÄ¸ÅÄµ«ÓдÎÊýµÄ¸ÅÄî¡£
7¡¢¶àÏîʽÖдÎÊý×î¸ßµÄÏîµÄ´ÎÊý£¬½Ð×öÕâ¸ö¶àÏîʽµÄ´ÎÊý¡£ Èý¡¢ÕûʽµÄ¼Ó¼õ
1¡¢Õûʽ¼Ó¼õµÄÀíÂÛ¸ù¾ÝÊÇ£ºÈ¥À¨ºÅ·¨Ôò£¬ºÏ²¢Í¬ÀàÏî·¨Ôò£¬ÒÔ¼°³Ë·¨·ÖÅäÂÊ¡£
2¡¢¼¸¸öÕûʽÏà¼Ó¼õ£¬¹Ø¼üÊÇÕýÈ·µØÔËÓÃÈ¥À¨ºÅ·¨Ôò£¬È»ºó׼ȷºÏ²¢Í¬ÀàÏî¡£ 3¡¢¼¸¸öÕûʽÏà¼Ó¼õµÄÒ»°ã²½Ö裺
2
£¨1£©Áгö´úÊýʽ£ºÓÃÀ¨ºÅ°Ñÿ¸öÕûʽÀ¨ÆðÀ´£¬ÔÙÓüӼõºÅÁ¬½Ó¡£ £¨2£©°´È¥À¨ºÅ·¨ÔòÈ¥À¨ºÅ¡£ £¨3£©ºÏ²¢Í¬ÀàÏî¡£ 4¡¢´úÊýʽÇóÖµµÄÒ»°ã²½Ö裺
£¨1£©´úÊýʽ»¯¼ò¡£ £¨2£©´úÈë¼ÆËã £¨3£©¶ÔÓÚijЩÌØÊâµÄ´úÊýʽ£¬¿É²ÉÓá°ÕûÌå´úÈ롱½øÐмÆËã¡£ ËÄ¡¢Í¬µ×ÊýÃݵij˷¨
1¡¢n¸öÏàͬÒòʽ£¨»òÒòÊý£©aÏà³Ë£¬¼Ç×÷a£¬¶Á×÷aµÄn´Î·½£¨ÃÝ£©£¬ÆäÖÐaΪµ×Êý£¬nΪָÊý£¬aµÄ½á¹û½Ð×öÃÝ¡£ 2¡¢µ×ÊýÏàͬµÄÃݽÐ×öͬµ×ÊýÃÝ¡£
3¡¢Í¬µ×ÊýÃݳ˷¨µÄÔËËã·¨Ôò£ºÍ¬µ×ÊýÃÝÏà³Ë£¬µ×Êý²»±ä£¬Ö¸ÊýÏà¼Ó¡£¼´£ºa©qa=a¡£
4¡¢´Ë·¨ÔòÒ²¿ÉÒÔÄæÓ㬼´£ºa = a©qa¡£
5¡¢¿ªÊ¼µ×Êý²»ÏàͬµÄÃݵij˷¨£¬Èç¹û¿ÉÒÔ»¯³Éµ×ÊýÏàͬµÄÃݵij˷¨£¬ÏÈ»¯³Éͬµ×ÊýÃÝÔÙÔËÓ÷¨Ôò¡£ Îå¡¢Ãݵij˷½
1¡¢Ãݵij˷½ÊÇÖ¸¼¸¸öÏàͬµÄÃÝÏà³Ë¡££¨a£©±íʾn¸öaÏà³Ë¡£ 2¡¢Ãݵij˷½ÔËËã·¨Ôò£ºÃݵij˷½£¬µ×Êý²»±ä£¬Ö¸ÊýÏà³Ë¡££¨a£© =a¡£ 3¡¢´Ë·¨ÔòÒ²¿ÉÒÔÄæÓ㬼´£ºa =£¨a£©=£¨a£©¡£ Áù¡¢»ýµÄ³Ë·½
1¡¢»ýµÄ³Ë·½ÊÇÖ¸µ×ÊýÊdz˻ýÐÎʽµÄ³Ë·½¡£
2¡¢»ýµÄ³Ë·½ÔËËã·¨Ôò£º»ýµÄ³Ë·½£¬µÈÓÚ°Ñ»ýÖеÄÿ¸öÒòʽ·Ö±ð³Ë·½£¬È»ºó°ÑËùµÃµÄÃÝÏà³Ë¡£¼´£¨ab£©=ab¡£
3¡¢´Ë·¨ÔòÒ²¿ÉÒÔÄæÓ㬼´£ºab =£¨ab£©¡£
3
nn
n
n
nnmn
m
n
n
m
m
n
mn
m
n
m
m+n
m
n
m
n
m+n
n
n
Æß¡¢ÈýÖÖ¡°ÃݵÄÔËËã·¨Ôò¡±Òìͬµã 1¡¢¹²Í¬µã£º
£¨1£©·¨ÔòÖеĵ×Êý²»±ä£¬Ö»¶ÔÖ¸Êý×öÔËËã¡£
£¨2£©·¨ÔòÖеĵ×Êý£¨²»ÎªÁ㣩ºÍÖ¸Êý¾ßÓÐÆÕ±éÐÔ£¬¼´¿ÉÒÔÊÇÊý£¬Ò²¿ÉÒÔÊÇʽ£¨µ¥Ïîʽ»ò¶àÏîʽ£©¡£
£¨3£©¶ÔÓÚº¬ÓÐ3¸ö»ò3¸öÒÔÉϵÄÔËË㣬·¨ÔòÈÔÈ»³ÉÁ¢¡£ 2¡¢²»Í¬µã£º
£¨1£©Í¬µ×ÊýÃÝÏà³ËÊÇÖ¸ÊýÏà¼Ó¡£ £¨2£©Ãݵij˷½ÊÇÖ¸ÊýÏà³Ë¡£ £¨3£©»ýµÄ³Ë·½ÊÇÿ¸öÒòʽ·Ö±ð³Ë·½£¬ÔÙ½«½á¹ûÏà³Ë¡£ °Ë¡¢Í¬µ×ÊýÃݵijý·¨
1¡¢Í¬µ×ÊýÃݵijý·¨·¨Ôò£ºÍ¬µ×ÊýÃÝÏà³ý£¬µ×Êý²»±ä£¬Ö¸ÊýÏà¼õ£¬¼´£ºa¡Âa=a£¨a¡Ù0£©¡£
2¡¢´Ë·¨ÔòÒ²¿ÉÒÔÄæÓ㬼´£ºa = a¡Âa£¨a¡Ù0£©¡£ ¾Å¡¢ÁãÖ¸ÊýÃÝ
1¡¢ÁãÖ¸ÊýÃݵÄÒâÒ壺Èκβ»µÈÓÚ0µÄÊýµÄ0´ÎÃݶ¼µÈÓÚ1£¬¼´£ºa=1£¨a¡Ù0£©¡£ Ê®¡¢¸ºÖ¸ÊýÃÝ
1¡¢Èκβ»µÈÓÚÁãµÄÊýµÄ¨Dp´ÎÃÝ£¬µÈÓÚÕâ¸öÊýµÄp´ÎÃݵĵ¹Êý£¬¼´£º
a?p?a1p(a?0)
0
m-n
m
n
m
n
m-n
×¢£ºÔÚͬµ×ÊýÃݵijý·¨¡¢ÁãÖ¸ÊýÃÝ¡¢¸ºÖ¸ÊýÃÝÖе×Êý²»Îª0¡£ ʮһ¡¢ÕûʽµÄ³Ë·¨
£¨Ò»£©µ¥ÏîʽÓëµ¥ÏîʽÏà³Ë
1¡¢µ¥Ïîʽ³Ë·¨·¨Ôò£ºµ¥ÏîʽÓëµ¥ÏîʽÏà³Ë£¬°ÑËüÃǵÄϵÊý¡¢Ïàͬ×ÖĸµÄÃÝ·Ö±ðÏà³Ë£¬ÆäÓà×ÖĸÁ¬Í¬ËüµÄÖ¸Êý²»±ä£¬×÷Ϊ»ýµÄÒòʽ¡£
4