speed and performance and other aspects of the coal mining machine traction match. The cutting part system of the shearer mainly depends on the gear drive mechanism to realize the reduction.. The transmission system of shearer cutting unit design work mainly includes the transmission system transmission ratio calculation, total transmission ratio and velocity distribution, structure parameters of gear design and strength checking and calculating. The structural design and strength of the cutting part axis of the shearer were checked, and the parts of the shaft were selected.. Because the shaft depends on the support of the box, it also designs the box of the cutting part of the shearer.. The design and configuration of the whole drive system and the motion simulation of the drive system are also designed.

The geometric parameters of the transmission system of the shearer cutting part can not only ensure the continuous operation of the shearer, but also have a very important influence on the reliability of the cutting part.. Therefore, the geometric parameters design of shearer cutting part must be appropriate, layout must be reasonable, and must meet the requirements of coal mining machine condition.. The cutting part of the shearer is reasonable, it can increase the coal mining efficiency and reduce the cost.. The life of the shearer is prolonged, and the reliability of coal mining is increased.. It can meet the demand of coal, and can promote the rapid development of the national economy.

Key words: coal mining machine; cutting; planetary gear; gear transmission design

目 录

1 绪论 .......................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1本课题研究的意义 ......................................................................................................... 1 1.2国内外采煤机的发展历史 ............................................................................................. 3

1.2.1国内外采煤机的技术特点 ................................................................................... 3 1.2.2国内外采煤机的研究现状 ................................................................................... 3 1.3采煤机总体方案的确定 ................................................................................................. 5

1.3.1采煤机的类型 ....................................................................................................... 5 1.3.2采煤机的组成 ....................................................................................................... 5

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1.4采煤机截割部的结构及技术特征 ................................................................................. 6

1.4.1采煤机截割部传动方式的确定 ........................................................................... 6 1.4.2采煤机截割部的传动方式 ................................................................................... 6 1.4.3采煤机截割部传动方式的选择 ........................................................................... 7 1.5本章小结 ......................................................................................................................... 8 2 采煤机截割部传动参数的确定 .............................................................................................. 9

2.1采煤机截割部总传动比的计算 ..................................................................................... 9 2.2采煤机截割部传动比的分配 ......................................................................................... 9 2.3采煤机截割部各轴的转速n、功率P、转矩T ........................................................... 9

2.3.1采煤机截割部各轴的转速n ................................................................................ 9 2.3.2采煤机截割部各轴输入的功率P ...................................................................... 10 2.3.3采煤机截割部各轴输入的转矩T ..................................................................... 10 2.4本章小结 ....................................................................................................................... 10 3 采煤机截割部齿轮参数的设计及强度计算 ........................................................................ 11

3.1采煤机截割部齿轮的初步设计及强度校核 ............................................................... 11

3.1.1采煤机截割部一级减速齿轮的设计与计算 ..................................................... 12 3.1.2采煤机截割部二级减速齿轮的设计与计算 ..................................................... 17 3.1.3采煤机截割部三级减速齿轮的设计与计算 ..................................................... 22 3.1.4采煤机截割部一级减速系统中惰轮的设计与计算 ......................................... 28 3.1.5采煤机截割部三级减速系统中惰轮的设计与计算 ......................................... 30 3.2采煤机截割部行星减速机构的设计 ........................................................................... 33 3.3采煤机截割部传动系统齿轮参数 ............................................................................... 35 3.4本章小结 ....................................................................................................................... 35 4 采煤机截割部轴及轴承的设计 ............................................................................................ 36

4.1采煤机截割部轴的结构设计及其强度校核 ............................................................... 36 4.2采煤机截割部Ⅰ轴的结构设计及其强度校核 ........................................................... 36 4.3采煤机截割部Ⅱ轴的结构设计及其强度校核 ........................................................... 40 4.4采煤机截割部Ⅲ轴的结构设计及其强度校核 ........................................................... 43

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4.5采煤机截割部Ⅳ轴的结构设计及其强度校核 ........................................................... 47 4.6采煤机截割部Ⅴ轴的结构设计及其强度校核 ........................................................... 51 4.7采煤机截割部Ⅵ轴的结构设计及其强度校核 ........................................................... 54 4.8本章小结 ....................................................................................................................... 54 5 三维模拟动画仿真 ................................................................................................................ 55 6 结 论 ...................................................................................................................................... 58 致 谢 ........................................................................................................................................ 59 参考文献 .................................................................................................................................... 61

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1 绪论

1.1本课题研究的意义

我国土地辽阔，地下煤炭资源非常丰富，需求量大。但是由于采煤技术条件的局限性，采煤效率常常落后于发达国家，为了获得地下煤炭资源，能把地下的资源为人类所用，我国机械工程师一直在努力着，研发各种各样的机械，目的就是把埋藏在地下的资源挖出来得以利用，发挥他应有的价值和作用，采煤机就是在这样的情况下被提出来的。人们想设计一种大型采煤机器来代替人们的劳动，把地下的煤层运送到地表，这样人们就可以利用了。为了这个目标，我们一直努力奋斗着，不断研究探索，最后设计出来了采煤机。采煤机的运用加快了煤炭的开采，但是还是不能满足我国对煤炭资源的需求，我国人口众多，因此对煤炭的需求量也大。我国目前对于一些中、厚煤层开采比较困难，由于技术的原因开采不到位，因此不能满足煤炭行业的需要。为了满足人们对煤炭的需求，我国抽调技术骨干，开始采煤机的研究开发，向着大功率采煤机进发，目的就是为了符合煤矿的要求，大力开采煤炭资源。根据调查我国的煤层大部分都是中厚度的煤层，因此对中厚度煤层的开采很重要，也是煤炭行业快速发展需要解决的问题，为了解决这些问题，工程师就需要研究开发新的符合要求的采煤机[1]。采煤机就是由电机带动齿轮旋转，进行适当的减速，最后驱动滚筒，滚筒切割煤壁。煤从岩层中掉落在刮板输送机上，随着输送机的运转，煤就被装运到地表，然后运输到需要的地方。采煤机达到采高要求，利于采煤和落煤。采煤机中发挥关键作用的就是截割部，截割部是采煤机的灵魂所在，一旦截割部发生故障，采煤机就瘫痪了。所以采煤机截割部是非常重要的一部分，当然也不能少了其他零部件的支持，所以要想设计好一个采煤机，关键就是要设计好截割部，使截割部满足采矿要求，截割部由电动机，减速箱，行星机构，滚筒组成。铰接在机身上，可以绕铰接处上下摆动。以便于可以采到更多的煤，增加采煤的收入。截割部的设计又要考虑机身的尺寸，不仅要使整机看起来美观大方，而且还要达到传动的要求。而且还要适应不同的工作面和不同的煤层。截割部的传动而且受滚筒震动、冲击的影响比较大。所以在设计的时候要考虑震动和冲击，所以要对各类轴零件进行强度、刚度、弯曲强度的校核。而且对于行星结构的设计不仅要考虑尺寸的大小，而且要考虑合适的传动比、以及强度和刚度。采煤机的传动系统分为牵引部分和截割