学校代码： 学 号： XXXXXXXXX 毕 业 论 文 论文题目：基于空间平滑的乳腺超声波图像去噪研究 Based on spatial smoothing of breast ultrasound image denoising research 学院（系部）：XXX 专 业：XXXXXX （XXXXXX） 姓 名：XXXX 指导教师：XXXX 职 称：XXXX 研究起止日期：XXXX年XX月-XXXX年X月 交稿日期：XX年XX月XX日 XXXXXXX教务处制 目录

目录

摘 要 ............................................................................................................................................................ 1 ABSTRCT ...................................................................................................................................................... 2 基于空间平滑的乳腺超声波图像去噪研究 ................................................................................................ 2 1. 绪论 .......................................................................................................................................................... 3

1.1. 引言 ............................................................................................................................................... 3 1.2. 乳腺超声图像的特点与成像机理 ............................................................................................... 3

1.2.1. 乳腺超声图像的特点 ...................................................................................................... 3 1.2.2. 乳腺超声图像的成像机理 ................................................................................................. 6 1.3. 乳腺超声图像噪声分析 ............................................................................................................... 7

1.3.1. 超声图像斑点产生原理 .................................................................................................. 7 1.3.2. 乳腺超声图像去噪技术的性能性能评价指标 ................................................................. 8 1.4. 乳腺超声诊断和去噪方法的研究现状 ....................................................................................... 9 1.5. 乳腺超声图像去噪的意义 ......................................................................................................... 12 1.6. 课题的主要研究内容 ................................................................................................................. 13 2. 空域平滑方法理论 ................................................................................................................................ 14

2.1. 空域平滑 ..................................................................................................................................... 14 2.2. 空间平滑方法 ............................................................................................................................. 15

2.2.1. 邻域平均滤波 ................................................................................................................... 15 2.2.2. 中值滤波 ........................................................................................................................ 16 2.2.3. 自适应滤波 ....................................................................................................................... 18 2.2.4. 总结 ................................................................................................................................... 19

3. 基于空域平滑的乳腺超声图像去噪方法 ............................................................................................ 20

3.1. 基于阈值的平滑滤波 ................................................................................................................. 20

3.1.1. 基本原理 ........................................................................................................................ 20 3.1.2. 算法程序 ........................................................................................................................ 21 3.1.3. 实验结果 ........................................................................................................................ 22 3.1.4. 结果分析和评价 ............................................................................................................ 23 3.2. 基于卷积的平滑滤波 ................................................................................................................. 24

3.2.1. 基本原理 ........................................................................................................................ 24 3.2.2. 算法程序 ........................................................................................................................ 26 3.2.3. 实验结果 ........................................................................................................................ 26 3.2.4. 实验分析及评价 ............................................................................................................ 27 3.3. 自适应中值滤波 ......................................................................................................................... 28

3.3.1. 基本原理 ........................................................................................................................ 28 3.3.2. 算法程序 ........................................................................................................................ 30 3.3.3. 实验结果 ........................................................................................................................ 31 3.3.4. 结果分析和评价 ............................................................................................................ 33 3.3.5. 总结 ................................................................................................................................... 33

4. 参考文献 ................................................................................................................................................ 34 5. 综述 ........................................................................................................................................................ 37 6. 致谢 ........................................................................................................................................................ 38 7. 附录： .................................................................................................................................................... 38

中文摘要

基于空间平滑的乳腺超声波图像去噪研究

摘 要

本论文主要以乳腺超声波图像为对象，研究空间平滑去噪。近年来，乳腺疾病在妇女中的发病率越来越高，发病年龄也呈逐渐年轻化的趋势，乳腺超声检查诊断显得越来越重要。但由于超声成像的机理，乳腺超声图像常常带有噪声。因此，针对这些噪声的特性，进一步研究如何抑制这种斑点，保留与增强图像边缘和细节特征，对乳腺疾病的诊断有十分重要的意义。

论文首先对乳腺超声图像成像机理，乳腺超声的去噪和去噪方法的研究现状以及去噪的意义做出介绍，然后对邻域平均滤波、中值滤波、自适应三种经典的空域平滑方法进行研究。最后针对三种经典方法的优缺点，研究了基于阈值的平滑、基于卷积和自适应中值滤波去噪效果。实验证明基于阈值的平滑滤波和自适应中值滤波相比基于阈值的平滑滤波的去噪效果更好，但是这三种滤波都能有效的去除乳腺超声图像的噪声,同时自适应中值滤波能很好地保留图像的细节信息。

关键词：空域平滑；中值滤波；邻域平均；自适应滤波；自适应中值滤波

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英文摘要

Based on spatial smoothing of breast ultrasound image

denoising research

ABSTRCT

This thesis mainly focuses on the subject of breast ultrasound images, the spatial

smoothing denoising. In recent years, mammary gland disease incidence is higher and higher in women, is also a trend of gradually younger onset age, breast ultrasound diagnosis is more and more important. However, due to the mechanism of ultrasonic imaging, breast ultrasound images often contain noise. According to the characteristics of the noise, therefore, further study on how to restrain this kind of spots, retain and enhance image edges and details, has the very vital significance to the diagnosis of breast disease.

the features of breast ultrasound images, the neighborhood average filtering, median filtering and adaptive filtering for experimental verification and treatment effect comparison. Finally based on the advantages and disadvantages of median filtering, focuses on the adaptive median filtering denoising effect and smoothing filter based on threshold and convolution. Experiments prove that based on threshold compared to smooth filtering and adaptive median filter based on threshold of smoothing filtering denoising effect is better, but the three filtering can effectively remove the noise of the breast ultrasound image, at the same time the adaptive median filter can well reserve the detail of the image information.

Key words：The airspace is smooth；Median filtering；The average neighborhood；Adaptive filter；The adaptive median filter

基于空间平滑的乳腺超声波图像去噪研究

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