说理议论

A

(2017·四川宜宾二次诊断)

Famous people have a lot of influences on cultural trends，like it or not.When Oprah goes on a 21-day vegan diet，it makes headlines.When Amal Clooney wears a Stella McCartney dress，sales go way up.However，one trend that seems harmless—but is actually harmful—is the pressure on stars to have their photos taken with rare animals.

Famous people who are asked to have photos taken with wild animals for a magazine spread or who do so while on vacation always have good intentions and even love animals.This makes them easy targets for the often greedy amusement parks and fake animal centers.These business people love the thought of sharing pictures of a star hugging a baby tiger or a whale.Kind people are naturally drawn to places that claim to offer rare animals safety and are eager to see elephants paint，to hug baby bears or to swim with dolphins.However，being frequently exposed has shown that many of these business people are breeders(饲养动物者)，dealers or exhibitors that are using stars’ goodwill for their own ends.

In some Asian countries，elephants are kept in camps.A few camps are working to help elephants in trouble，but the vast majority are not，and training methods are barbaric.As soon as the cameras are gone after someone like Prince William takes a photo with an elephant，the chains go back on.

Fans tell the stars：Stay away from wild animal photos，and the animals will be grateful.Of course，you don’t have to be famous to make a difference.Whether right here at home or at an exotic locale abroad，every one of us must fight the desire to take a photo with an elephant or hug a baby tiger.

语篇解读 本文为议论文。为了表达对动物的热爱，一些名人常与动物一起拍照。这种现象已经成为一种文化潮流，但作者认为在大部分情况下，这种方式有百害而无一利。 1．Why are Oprah and Amal Clooney mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．To introduce the topic of the passage. B．To promote the cultural influence on stars.

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C．To remind people how important the trend is. D．To show famous people’s pressure from wild animals. 答案 A

解析 推理判断题。第一段的最后一句作者点出本文的主题，由此可见作者首先提及Oprah及Amal Clooney旨在引出主题，故答案为A项。 2．What can we learn from the passage?

A．The business people offer chances to stars to get close to animals. B．Famous stars use photos with rare animals to make a difference. C．Businessmen take advantage of stars’ goodwill to earn money. D．The kind and rich people are easily attracted to visit wild animals. 答案 C

解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“...many of these business people are breeders，dealers or exhibitors that are using stars’ goodwill for their own ends.”可知答案为C项(商人利用明星们的善意来赚钱)。其他三项在文中均未被提及，故全部排除。 3．What does the underlined word “barbaric” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Effective. C．Scientific. 答案 B

解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“...but the vast majority are not...”和其后一句“As soon as the cameras are gone after someone like Prince William takes a photo with an elephant，the chains go back on.”可推知：训练动物的方法是残忍的(cruel)，故答案为B项。

4．What is the passage mainly about?

A．The number of elephants and tigers is increasing. B．Keeping away from animal pictures can protect them. C．People will be encouraged to take photos with animals. D．The famous may have a negative influence on cultural trends. 答案 D

解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句可推知本题答案为D项(名人对文化潮流可能会造成负面影响)。

B

(2017·江西九江十校联考)

As graduation draws near，those who haven’t landed a job yet may be desperate to find one.Perhaps some of the job offers they have received are below their skill

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B．Cruel. D．Kind.

and experience levels.Is it better to take these offers，or reject them and remain unemployed?

Recently，David Pedulla，a University of Texas sociologist，conducted a study about how taking a job below your skill level could affect your future employment.

In the study，Pedulla developed resumes for imaginary job applicants.The job seekers he created had a few things in common.They had a college degree，worked nearly two years at their first job，and about 4.5 years at their second job.What differed was their third job in the most recent year.They either had a full-time job that matched their skills，a part-time job below their skill levels，or were unemployed.

Then Pedulla submitted 2,420 resumes based on his imaginary job seekers，along with cover letters，to online ads for 1,210 real jobs.Each applicant had a real phone number that employers could contact if they were interested in talking with the applicant further.

The callback rates varied widely based on how the imaginary job seekers had spent their last year.The applicants who had full-time jobs the previous year were called back 10.4 percent of the time.Those whose most recent year of employment was in a job below their skill levels were only called back about 5 percent.Male applicants unemployed for a year were called back 4.2 percent of the time，while the figure is 7.5 percent for unemployed females.

However，Pedulla cautioned that the experiment only measured the initial interest of employers in his fictional job candidates，not whether the employers would hire them or what they would be paid based on their most recent job experiences. 语篇解读 工作与自身水平相称有多重要？你对于自己的第一份工作有何打算？仓促上岗使不得，每份工作都会影响你未来发展的轨迹。 5．The purpose of the first paragraph is . A．to lead in the topic B．to present an argument C．to shock the readers

D．to describe the present situation in job seeking 答案 A

解析 推理判断题。通读全文可知这篇文章主要介绍了美国一位社会学家做的一份“接受低于自身技能水平的工作，可能会影响未来就业前途”的调查。根据第一段的内容可知其目的主要是引出话题。

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6．Which statement is NOT true about Pedulla’s experiment?

A．The applicants had some things in common at their first two jobs. B．The applicants’ resumes and phone numbers are created by Pedulla. C．The applicants’ most recent job experiences affected the callback rates. D．Unemployed female applicants got a higher callback rate than males. 答案 B

解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Each applicant had a real phone number that employers could contact...”可知B项不符合原文；根据第三段的第二、三两句可排除A；根据倒数第二段的第一句可排除C；根据倒数第二段的最后一句可排除D。 7．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．The applicants with a high callback rate would surely be hired.

B．The applicants’ most recent job experiences would decide their salaries. C．There are some limits about what lessons can be taken from the study. D．It is better to take a job offer below one’s skill level than to reject it. 答案 C

解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是 “However”“cautioned”“only measured”等词语可推断出从这个研究中学到的东西有局限性。 8．In which section may the text appear in a newspaper? A．Career. C．Culture. 答案 A

解析 文章出处题。文章主要介绍了美国得克萨斯大学的一位社会学家做的一份“接受低于自身技能水平的工作，会如何影响未来就业前途”的调查。故最有可能在职场版面见到这篇文章。

C

(2017·第二次全国大联考)

There are many useful things we can do each day to feel better.It may take some efforts and time to make a habit of drinking 8 glasses of water daily or thinking more positively，but it is well worth it.What things do you do every day to feel better?

Probably the healthiest thing you can do to feel better each day is to exercise early in the morning.You don’t have to run the whole morning or spend a few hours in the gym.Even doing some easy exercise like walking，sit-ups or jumping the rope will help you feel better in no time!

Again，due to our busy schedules，we don’t get enough sleep each night.If you

B．Science. D．Education.

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