is poetic and philosophical. 10. The Chinese as a nation has survived for four thousand years because the Chinese have a light, an almost gay philosophy rather thanan efficient life.
UNIT THREE
A FEW WORDS FOR LOSING
COMPREHENSION
1 Because sport is mainly about ―astonishing salaries, hugely lucrative endorsements, television contract using numbers one is more accustomed to seeing in textbooks on astronomy‖.
2 Because even the great winners finally lose.
3 There is always a feeling of sadness after the game. 4 Life for many athletes was much downhill.
5 It means the rank or status of the team. （球队排名） 6 Human limitations might bring some sad situations. 7 Some people are naturally gifted, but others are not.
8 He would ―fight‖ fearlessly, but he didn’t want it to be a ―suicide attack‖. 9 Open. 10 Open.
VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURE A
1 lucrative 2 mortal 3 instill 4 wind up 5 prowess 6 cowardly 7 cultivated 8 identified with 9 surmount 10 intact B
1 inglorious 2 fraught 3 cultivated 4 groomed 5 outset 6 lucrative 7 tournament 8 intact 9 hang around 10 lapse into
SPEAKING: OPEN
TRANSLATION A
1晚上在参加宴会，出席音乐会，观看乒乓球表演之后，他得起草最后公报。 2这些早期的汽车速度缓慢，行动笨拙，效率不高。
3遗憾的是，过去我们总的目标方面意见是一致的，但涉及各个具体目标时，意见就不一致了，因而也就根本不能采取什么行动。
4我真替她万分担忧，但此时此地既不宜教训她一番，也不宜与她争论一通。 5他们的主人，又是割啊，又是倒啊，又是上菜啊，又是切面包啊，又是说啊，又是笑啊，又是敬酒啊，忙个不停。
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6如果对自己的错误都不认识，怎么能悔恨和改正呢？
7 欢迎他的只有几下轻轻地、零零落落、冷冷淡淡的掌声。
8 勇敢过度，即成蛮勇；疼爱过度，即成溺爱；俭约过度，即成贪婪。
B 见译文部分。
UNIT FOUR THE FUTURE OF BOOKS
COMPREHENSION
1. Umberto Eco classifies memory into three types: organic memory represented by human brain; mineral memoryrepresented by clay tablets, obelisks and electronic memory of today’s computer; and vegetal memoryrepresented bythe first papyruses and books made of paper.
2. According to Umberto Eco, the libraries function as the places for conservation of books and have been the most important way of keeping our collective wisdom. 3. ―Universal brain‖ means a place wherewe can retrieve what we have forgotten and what we still do not know.
4. According to paragraph 2, humans invent libraries because they know that they do not have divine powers, but they try to do their best to imitate them.
5. In the computer and Internet era, libraries should not be abolished because they should survive as museums conserving the past.
6. Compared with reading on a computer screen, reading printed books is the better way for us to read carefully, to speculate and to reflect about what we are reading. 7. Compared with computers, books have brought a lot of conveniences to humans computers can’t: books still represent the most economical, flexible way to transport information at a very low cost; books travel with you and at your speed; it is a valuable instrument and the best companions for a shipwreck.
8. Two industrially exploited inventions are as follows: one is printing on demand, namely, every book will be tailored according to the desires of the buyer; the other is the e-book which is useful for consulting information.
9. ―The idea that a new technology abolishes a previous one is frequently too simplistic.‖What the author means is that there are a lot of new technological devices that have not made previous ones obsolete, that in the history of culture it has never been the case that something has simply killed something else. Rather, a new invention has always profoundly changed an older one.
10. In the computer and internet era, people fear the physicaldisappearance of books and printed material; but printed books have a future because computers encourage the production of printed material.
VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURE A
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1. organic 2. designate 3. emulate 4. abolish 5. speculated 6. shipwreck 7. manuscript 8. masterpiece 9.obsolete 10. contribute to B
1. option 2. flexible 3. reproduce 4. preservation 5. retrieve 6. divine 7. diffuse 8. on the verge of 9. browse 10. memory C
1. povertyerrorsenemiesa possibilityinequality 2. a group an organizationa cluban associationa tribe 3. act foranswer forstand forlong forprepare for 4. eyepiecetimepieceshowpieceseapiececenterpiece 5. predictablepreschoolprewarpreviouspreliminary 6. reproducereviseremovereviewrewrite
SPEAKING: OPEN
TRANSLATION A 1 凡是犯了错就应勇于承认。 2没有下雪，但叶落草枯。
3人生的意义不在于已经获取的，而在于渴望得到什么样的东西。
4读书只能给智能提供知识的材料，思想才能把我们所读的东西变成自己的。 5仍然具有这种信念，普通的人要比自然的力量或人类造出来的机器更伟大，而且最终会控制它们。
6她的黑发蓬蓬松松地飘拂在前额上，脸是短短的，上唇也是短短的，露出一排闪亮的牙齿，眉毛又直又黑，睫毛又长又黑，鼻子笔直。
B 见课文译文
Unit five Scientists, scholars, knaves and fools Comprehension
1(a).What relationship between science and the humanities can you learn from the first paragraph?
To some degree,science and the humanities have the same concern: The question raised by science is the most important that can be asked in philosophy and religion. In his book Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge, Wilson shows how various fields of inquiry, and especially the humanities and sciences, intersect with each other.
1(b).Do you think science and religion can be reconciled? (Open.)
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2(a).What criteria does Author apply when distinguishing science from pseudoscience?
In para.2, the author mentions five diagnostic features as the criteria to distinguish science from pseudoscience:repeatability,economy,mensuration,heuristics and consilience.
2(b).Some label Acupuncture, Qigong, and Chinese Medicine as pseudoscience. Do you agree? Open.
3(a). What point does Author make in paragraph 4 and paragraph 5?
The author gives the topic sentence \frustrating\ 3(b).How does he backup his viewpoint?
In para.4, the author lists and analyses the reasons why it’s hard. In Para.5, the author develops the point by drawing on his own experience and quoting. 3(c).What example and quote does he use?
The example is from his own experience of counseling new Ph.D.'s in biology.
The quotation is from Percy Bridgman:\barred.\
4. Paragraph 6-8 discuss original discovery. How do these paragraphs relate to one another? Para.6 first introduces the topic sentence \discovery is everything\and then explains how the priority of making original discovery defines the process of scientific research. Para7 and para.8 are about the importance of original discovery and they are related by two sentences of the same structure which introduce two opposite conditions and thus form a sharp contrast(make an important discovery, and ...;Fail to discover,and...).
5(a).According to Alfred North Whitehead, why do scientists learn what they need to know while remaining poorly informed about the rest of the world?
It’s because scientists are mainly concerned about making discovery. They have to concentrate on the part that is needed in the discovery while ignoring the rest. 5(b).What does the greeting question \
It reveals the fact that what they are doing are of the same nature (making discoveries) and scientists are quite aware what is common among them.
6(a).Will scientists content themselves with the discoveries they have made? Why?
No, they won't. Scientists who have already made some important discoveries are always
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