?00??H?K?K?K?Ka1a2a1a2???12H? 最简式
aH????H???H????B2?
Ka10?Ka20?B2?9.1?10?4?4.3?10?5??2.76?10?40.514
pH=3.56
c. c=0.0100 mol/L,p Ka1=4,p Ka2=9
I?1(0.0200?1?0.0200?1)?0.022
B4O72??5H2O?2H3BO3?2H2BO3? 查表
?HBO?0.8692?323aHBO??40023
0.021?0.00328?400?0.02lg?HBO??0.512?1? 故
HBO33?H??H2BO3? K=5.8×10-10
故pH=9.18
2323aH?5.8?10?105.8?10?10???6.67?10?10?HBO??cHBO?0.02?0.86916. 解: 已知0.1mol?L一元弱酸HB的pH?3.0,问其等浓度
?1的共轭碱NaB的pH为多少?(已知:Kc?10K,且c/Kawa?100)
解:据题意:
[H?]?KacKb?
Ka?(10?3)2/c?10?5
c/Ka?100Kw?10?9KaKac?10Kw
OH??Kbc?10?9?10?1?10?5
pH?14.0?5.0?9.0
?1 19. 用0.1mol?L差。 解:时
SPKbc?20KwNaOH滴定0.1mol?LKb??1HAc至pH?8.00。计算终点误
cNaOH?0.05mol?L?1c?500Kb
Kw?5.6?10?10Ka
[OH?]?Kbc?5.29?10?6
pHsp?14?6?0.72?8.72?pH?pHep?pHsp?8.00?8.72??0.7210?0.72?100.72TE%??100KaepcHBKw?0.19?5.258
?100??0.05 1.8?10?0.05
22. 用0.100mol?LNaOH滴定0.100mol?L羟胺盐酸盐(NH?1?1?3OH?Cl?)
和0.100mol?L应?
?1NH4Cl的混合溶液。问a.化学计量点时溶液的pH4为多少?b.在化学计量点有百分之几的NHCl参加了反
Kw?1.1?10?6K解:(1) 已知NHSP?3OH?Cl?
?NH4Ka?
时,产物为
3NH2OH和
4
[H?]?KNH?OH?Cl??KNH??cNH?/cNH2OH4
?1.1?10?6?5.6?10?10?0.0500/0.050?2.5?10?8(mol/L)pH?7.61
(2) 时,
SP[H?]?2.5?10?8mol/L
[NH3]??NH3?cNH?45.6?10?10??0.0500?1.1?10?3(mol/L)?8?102.5?10?5.6?104?参加反应的NHCl百分数为:
1.1?10?3?100%?2.2%0.0500 25.称取钢样1.000g,溶解后,将其中的磷沉淀为磷钼酸铵。用20.00mL0.1000mol?LP2O5?1NaOH溶解沉淀,过量的NaOH用HNO返滴定
3至酚酞刚好褪色,耗去0.2000mol?L的质量分数。
?1HNO37.50mL。计算钢中P和
解:
1P2O5(NH)HPO12MoO424724NaOH:::2P:NaOH?0.2?7.5?10?3?1.5?10?3(mol)
过量
用于滴定磷钼酸铵的含P物质的量为:
2.1?10?5?31P%??100?0.0651NaOH?0.1?20?10?3?1.5?10?3?5.0?10?4(mol)5.0?10?4?2.1?10?5(mol)24
28. 标定甲醇钠溶液时,称取苯甲酸0.4680g,消耗甲醇钠溶液25.50mL,求甲醇钠的浓度。 解:CHONa:32.1?10?5?142P2O5%??100?0.151?2C6H5COOH,令其浓度为c
0.4680?0.1500(mol/L)25.50?10?3?122c?
第6章 络合滴定法
2.解:
?Cu(CO2?24)2?2?2?1??1[C2O4]??2[C2O4] ?104.5?0.10?108.9?(0.10)2?106.9??Cu(OH)?1??1[OH?]?1?106.0?109.26?14?101.26?[NH4][H?]又??1??1?2?[NH3]?0.10mol?L?1[NH][NH]KaCNH3
4.解:用氨水调解时:
?M(NH)?1??1(0.010)??2(0.010)2?K?1223
?1[NH3]102.0?10?2.0?1???0.0083?M(NH)1223
1010.0?10?8.0?4??0.83122?2[NH3]2105.0?10?4.0?2???0.083?M(NH)1223107.0?10?6.0?3??0.083122
故主要存在形式是
0.10?0.83?0.083mol?L?12?M(NH3)4,其浓度为
? 用氨水和NaOH调解时:
0.050mol?L?1?M??M(OH)??M(NH)?1?1?104?0.1?108?0.01?K?120?2?10113
104?0.1?9?1??5?102?10111014?0.001?3??0.52?1011
108?0.01?6?2??5?102?1011
1015?0.0001?4??0.5112?10 故主要存在形式是
6.解:
[T]?0.10mol?L?1,lg?Y(H)?4.65?M(OH)3和
?M(OH)24,其浓度均为
?Cd(T)?1??1(0.10)?102.8?0.10?101.8?Zn(T)?1?102.4?0.10?108.32?0.010?106.32?Y(Zn)?1?KZnYCZnKCdYCCd?Zn(T) ?Y(Cd)?1??Cd(T) lgK'CdY?16.46?lg?Cd(T)?lg(?Y(H)??Y(Zn))?6.48lgK'ZnY?16.5?lg?Zn(T)?lg(?Y(H)??Y(Cd))??2.48