大连海事大学

毕 业 论 文

……………… 装……………… ..订 ……………… 线……………… 二○一○年 五月

“育鲲”轮重油分油机控制原理及故障分析

专业班级：轮机工程06-9班

姓 名：王 国 强

指导教师: 邸 德 辉

轮机工程学院

内容摘要

摘要：随着人们对燃烧过程的深入研究以及燃油喷射技术的长足发展，使得船用柴油机在

使用重油的技术上有了很大的进步。重油在使用前必须经过净化处理，除去其中的水分和杂质。由于燃油的黏度较大，靠重力分离水分和杂质所需时间很长，效果不佳。为了解决这一问题，使用分油机对重油进行分离。

本文介绍了“育鲲”轮重油分油系统的组成，介绍了分油系统的重要部件的结构原理，深入研究了由EPC 50控制单元控制的ALFA-LAVAL S821分油机的工作原理，依照其原理建立了分油机的工作流程图，并结合分油机工作原理分析了其具体工作过程。针对“育鲲”轮重油分油机出现的故障现象，依据原理介绍分析了故障原因，排除故障并提出了管理中的几点建议。

关键词 ：分油机 排渣过程 工作原理 故障

ABSTRACT

As we learn about the combustion process and the great development of fuel inject technology , it makes great improvement of the technology of burning heavy fuel oil .It must be cleaned to remove the water and residue from the heavy fuel oil before we use it .It will take a long time and not perform good because of it’s high viscosity .To solve this problem ,we use separator to finish this job .

This thesis describes the element of the HFO separation system of “YU KUN” and some important parts of the separation system ,lucubrates the working principle of the separator which is controlled by EPC 50 control unit. Then establishes the working flow chart of the separator and describes the working progress .Then it describes the malfunction phenomena of the separator for heavy fuel oil on “YU KUN” and describes how we resolve it .Based on the principle we describes ,we find the cause of the malfunction and give some advices for management.

Keywords: separator discharge progress working principle malfunction

目录

1 前言 ............................................................................................................................. 1 2 分油系统的组成............................................................................................................ 1

2.1 分油机的结构 ..................................................................................................... 3

2.1.1 分离筒 ...................................................................................................... 3 2.1.2 顶部输入输出单元 ..................................................................................... 4 2.2 EPC 50控制单元 ............................................................................................... 4

2.2.1 输入信号 ................................................................................................... 4 2.2.2 输出信号 ................................................................................................... 5

2.3 MT 50水分传感器 ............................................................................................... 6 3 分油机的工作流程及原理分析....................................................................................... 6

3.1 分油机的启动流程.............................................................................................. 6 3.2 分油机按标准启动的分油过程 ............................................................................ 7 3.3 分油机的排渣过程.............................................................................................. 7 4 分油机的故障现象和处理方法..................................................................................... 13

4.1 故障现象.......................................................................................................... 13

4.2 分油机排渣速度降原理..................................................................................... 13 4.3 分油机故障原因分析 ........................................................................................ 13

4.3.1 工作水流量不足 ...................................................................................... 13 4.3.2 分离筒密封失效 ...................................................................................... 14 4.4 故障排除.......................................................................................................... 14

4.4.1 工作水系统的检查 ................................................................................... 14 4.4.2 密封圈的检查 .......................................................................................... 14 4.4.3 速度降的设定 .......................................................................................... 14 4.5 管理中的建议................................................................................................... 15 5 总结 ........................................................................................................................... 15 【参考文献】................................................................................................................. 16