(2)动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去e加ing,如take-taking (3)重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing,如:cut-cutting
(4)以-ie结尾的动词,变y再加-ing,如:lie-lying
现在进行时变否定句和疑问句时,将be动词否定或提前。 (1)They aren't watching TV. Are they watching TV? (2)He isn't watching TV. Is he watching TV? (3)Am I watching TV? Yes,you are./No,you aren't.
练习:
1. He works (work) very late every day. 2. Do you study English yourself? Yes, I do.
3. They are playing (play)soccer now.
第二十讲 一般过去时和过去进行时
1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的行为。
基本结构:主语+动词过去式+其他,一般动词在动词后面加ed,还有一些不规则动词有不规则变化。
Play—played come—came 1. He worked very hard last night.
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2. They came here by car.
动词一般过去时变化规则:
(1) 一般在动词后加-ed。如:play—played
(2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后,只加-d。如:like—liked (3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后,改y为i,再加-ed。
如:supply—supplied
(4) 在以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词
后,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed。如:plan—planned
2.过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行或发生的动作。其形式为was/were+doing They were waiting for you.
He was talking with his friends just now. 练习:
1. They went (go)swimming yesterday.
2. Sam was watching (watch)TV at 7:00 last night.
第二十一讲 将来时
一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常发生的动作或状态。常常和表示将来的时间状语连用。
如:tomorrow (明天)
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next week (下周) in the future (将来)
1.“助动词will或shall+动词原形”,表示将要发生的事情。 (1) They will go to Shanghai by ship tomorrow.
(2) We shall leave for Shanghai next month.离开去上海
2.“be going to+动词原形”用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事,意为“打算、就要”。
They are going to play football this afternoon. She is going to learn French next year.
3.“be doing”表示位置转移的动词。如:go,come,leave, start,arrive,可用现在进行时表示将来时。 (1)They are leaving for Japan. 离开去日本
(2)She is arriving tomorrow. 练习:
1. They are coming (come)here soon.
2. Sam is going to learn (learn)Chinese next month. will learn也可以
3. Peter and Mike will finish(finish) the job tomorrow moring.
第二十二讲 完成时
1. 现在完成时(have+p.p.),动作过去发生,已经完成,对现在造成影响或后果,动作可能还会持续,可使用的时间
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状语为:already(已经)和yet(还)。
(1) They have already arrived in Shanghai. (2) She has played soccer for 3 hours. (3) She hasn’t finished the homework yet.
2. 过去完成时(had+p.p.),表示句中的动词发生在过去之前,即过去的过去,已经完成,对过去造成了一定的影响或后果。
(1) They had arrived in Shanghai. (2) She had played soccer for 3 hours. (3) She hadn’t finished the work yet.
练习:
1. He has stopped (stop)the car outside. 2. She hasn’t been (not be)to Sichuan yet. 3. Have they planned (plan) to stay here?
第二十三讲 动词的用法 1.动词根据功能分为四类:
实意动词(Notional Verb):有实际意义的动词 系动词(Link Verb):起联系作用的动词
助动词(Auxiliary Verb):帮助构成句子成分的动词 情态动词(Model Verb):有情态含义的动词,后接实意动词原形。
(1)动词有数量和时态的变化,时态通常有三大时态:现在、
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