基于PLC和变频器的T610卧式镗床电气控制系统设计 I

摘 要

在当代建造规模中，金属切削加工在全体机械制造中盘踞极重的职位，机械制造工作中的百分之四十到六十被其占据。然而镗床更是有着举足轻重的作用。在1770年左右，就诞生了第一台原始的卧式镗床。随着科学技术飞速的突破性发展的步伐，加工各种繁杂大型零件的卧式镗床研发成功于1999年前后。随着加工零件要求的不断增高，镗床也随之不断发展起来，正是由于其市场需求，使得一种通用性好、满足加工零件需求的卧式镗床应运而生。

T610型卧式镗床是钻孔领域不可或缺的一员。原因归结于卧式型的镗床不仅仅是拓展工件上的已经存在的或已经加工完成后的孔，卧式型的这种镗床的特色在于它能够铣削、加工外圆和螺纹以及其他。最初的T610卧式镗床出现电气故障的频率总体来说较高的原因是由于继电器控制系统的选备，不仅仅是维修保养费时费力的问题，经济消耗较高。出现这些故障的原因是继电器控制系统的配置选择。在本次的毕业设计中经过甄选，决定使用西门子S7-200PLC，主要处于对经济效益的考虑，以及任务的完成度，在变频器方面综合考虑最终选择MM440.用这两个器件综合改善传统卧式镗床的不足，提升生产质量。

关键词：T610卧式镗床，电气控制，PLC，变频器

基于PLC和变频器的T610卧式镗床电气控制系统设计 II

ABSTRACT

In contemporary construction scale and metal cutting processing in all machinery manufacturing entrenched exercised position, mechanical manufacturing work forty to sixty percent is occupy its. However, the boring machine is a role play a decisive role. Around 1770, was born the first original horizontal boring machine. With the development of science and technology breakthrough rapid pace, processing all kinds of complicated large parts of the horizontal boring machine successfully developed in 1999. The continuous development of boring machine is precisely due to the processing of parts of the constantly changing, with general, million years of characteristics of horizontal boring machine eventually develop variable as a leader in contemporary boring machine is also reasonable.

In the processing of holes, T610 this type of horizontal boring machine occupies a very important position. Attributed to type horizontal boring machine is not only expand the holes on the device already exists or has been manufactured after, the characteristics of Horizontal type boring machine is it can be milling, machining circle and threads and other. Traditional T610 horizontal boring machine due to the relatively high frequency of the relay control system of electrical accidents. In addition Repair and maintenance difficult and expensive, the fault reason is the configuration selection of relay control system. In the graduation design, after selection, the final decision to use Siemens S7-200 PLC, Mainly in the economic benefits of the consideration, and task completion, Considering in the final selection of MM440 inverter. With these two devices are integrated to improve the traditional horizontal boring machine and improve production quality.

Keywords: T610 horizontal boring machine, electric control, PLC, inverter

基于PLC和变频器的T610卧式镗床电气控制系统设计 III

目 录

1 绪论 ......................................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1课题背景 ........................................................... 1 1.2镗床的发展状况介绍 ................................................. 1 1.3 PLC在国内外的发展现状介绍 ......................................... 2 1.4本课题主要研究内容 ................................................. 3

2电气控制系统设计 .......................................................................................................................... 4

2.1引言 ............................................................... 4 2.2 T610型卧式镗床电气控制电路设计 .................................... 4

3 MICROMASTER 440 通用型变频器 ....................................................................................... 15

3.1 MM440变频器主要特性 .............................................. 15 3.2 调试方法 ......................................................... 17 3.3 PC与PLC的连接 ................................................... 19

4 PLC选型、I/O分配及接线 .................................................................................................... 22

4.1可编程序控制器 .................................................... 22 4.2 PLC选型 .......................................................... 22 4.3 PLC的I/O分配 .................................................... 23 4.4 PLC控制系统接线图 ................................................ 24

5控制程序设计 ................................................................................................................................... 26

5.1液压泵电动机M2、润滑泵电动机M3的控制 ............................ 26 5.2机床启动准备控制电路 .............................................. 27 5.3主轴电动机制的启动、点动及停止 .................................... 27 5.4平旋盘的控制 ...................................................... 29 5.5主轴及平旋盘的调速控制 ............................................ 29 5.6主轴、平旋盘刀架、主轴箱、工作台的进给控制 ........................ 31 5.7工作台的回转控制过程 .............................................. 38 5.8尾架电动机M5、冷却泵电动机M7的控制 .............................. 41

6常用电器元件的选择 ................................................................................................................... 43

6.1电动机的选择 ...................................................... 43 6.2时间继电器的选择 .................................................. 44 6.3接触器的选择 ...................................................... 44 6.4熔断器的选择 ...................................................... 44 6.5热继电器的选择 .................................................... 45

7结论 ........................................................................................................................................................ 46

基于PLC和变频器的T610卧式镗床电气控制系统设计 IV

参考文献 ................................................................................................................................................. 47 致 谢 ......................................................................................................................................................... 48 附录 ............................................................................................................................................................ 49