What does it mean to obey the law? That (26)__where you are. Different cultures have different views of obeying the law. In some cultures, law-abiding citizens try to keep the letter of the law. That is, whatever the law says, they do. In other cultures, good citizens live by the (27)___ of the law. They see the law only as a general (28)____.. Often they obey the law only when someone official is looking. The situation in America fits into the first (29)____.That doesn't mean all Americans keep the law. But American culture teaches people to respect the law-even to the smallest detail.

Driving habits (30)____American respect for the law. A driver will usually stop for a red light, even when there are no other cars around. People treat the lines marking streets and roads as (31) -___boundaries, not just decorations. Vehicles yield to those with the right of way---particularly pedestrians. Actually though, drivers don?t always keep traffic rules. For example, many drivers (32)____freeway speed limits. But American generally drive with careful attention to the traffic rules.

Of course, not everyone in America abides by the law. Crime is a growing problem. For that reason, law enforcement officials will never (33)____ a job. Police officers have their hands full trying to arrest lawbreakers. Detective agencies spend countless hours trying to (34)_unsolved crimes. Nevertheless, most Americans still like to believe that the law will (35)___ catch the bad guys.

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a Letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single Line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

A lot of people instinctively believe-without really knowing-that poor readers are not especially smart. A new study by researchers at the Yale School of Medicine and the University of California at Davis explains how it is that 36 bright and accomplished people can have great difficulty reading.

What gets in the way of many people's ability to read is word blindness. It is an unexpected difficulty in reading in people who have the intelligence and motivation thought to be necessary to be 37 readers. The brains of people with word blindness have difficulty taking images that they see or hear and turning it into 38 language, explained researcher Sally E. Shaywitz. This means that someone with word blindness not only has 39 reading but may also have difficulty speaking quickly. Typical readers can 40 recognize words after seeing them a few times; those with word blindness don't. The new study 41 evidence for the first time showing that the 42 between IQ and reading over time is not the same for readers with word blindness as it is for typical readers

In people without word blindness, intelligence and reading do in fact connect and can 43 each other over time. But in those with word blindness, IQ and reading are not 44 over time and do not have an affect on each other.

\well you must not be so smart,\

\矛盾)because it violates that 45，”she said. \great reader and be exceptionally smart.\注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A) conclusion B) fluent C) understandable D) exceedingly E) automatically F) provides G) influence H) trouble I) linked J) proves K)considerate L) selectively M) assumption N) relationship O) contacted

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a

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letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. A Brief History of Online Shopping

A) When Amazon.com opened for business 15 years ago, it was nothing more than a few people packing and shipping boxes of books from a two-car garage in Bellevue, Wash. Jeff Bezos, Amazon founder and CEO, had left New York City for the Pacific Northwest, using some of his time on the road to write the company's business plan. Books were packed on a table made out of an extra door they found lying in the new home---a practice the company continues today in spirit by making many of the office's desks out of doors.

B) Now, on its 15th anniversary, Amazon can raise a toast to being one of the largest online retailers in the world, selling everything from trumpets and golf carts to dishwashers and clothes. Despite the economic recession, online retail in the U.S. grew 11% last year, according to a report released this March from Forrester Research: More than 150 million people-about two-thirds of all Internet users in the U.S.--- bought something online last year. It's a staggering leap for an industry used by 27% of the nation's online population a decade ago.

C) One of the first known Web purchases took place in 1994. It was an Italian pizza with mushrooms and extra cheese from Pizza Hut, a somewhat appropriate purchase for the early days of the Internet. When Amazon came on the scene not long after, selling books online was a curious idea. After all, why would people buy a textbook online when they could go to a bookstore? But eventually, a revolutionary change in culture and groupthink took place. Buying things online was all about price and selection, says Ellen Davis, a vice president with the National Retail Federation. If you lived in a small town with just one bookstore and they didn't stock the novel you wanted, the Internet was a solution.

D) The big sellers were \buy, such as books, computers and other electronics. Now, nothing is off limits. \evolved, it's become a channel where you can buy anything,\香水)--- something you would have normally thought you would need to go to a store and actually experience before you decided to buy.\

E) Part of the shift has to do with the normalizing of giving out personal information online. All it takes is one click of the purchase button before consumers start to feel more comfortable using their credit-card information online, Davis says. Now some consumers have so much trust that they allow retailers to save their credit-card and shipping information, which has given rise to a painless checkout process.

F) And part of it had to do with making the online experience more like an in-store shopping trip. Many sites geared themselves toward consumers who like to try before they buy. While Web shoppers technically have to buy the item first, sites such as Zappos, which specializes in shoes, and Piperlime, which sells clothes and accessories, offer free shipping on returns. If you buy it, try it and don?t like it, having to return the item is less of a concern. Other stores try to make it easier for customers to get the look and feel of product without actually handling the goods. Sears.com and Gap.com allow customers to zoom (拉近) way in on products to examine their material and color up close. Others such as Bed, Bath & Beyond and Buy.com feature product videos that allow shoppers to see, for example, a grill (烤架) cleaner in action. And then there are sites like Overstock.com that capitalize on the goods physical stores can't sell. Beyond its discounts, Overstock.com wins customer loyalty by making online deals with flat-rate shipping of $2.95 on everything from earrings to refrigerators.

G) Even famously resistant designers and luxury retailers are putting goods online. According to Bain& Co.'s luxury-goods study last year, while the luxury-goods industry overall lost 8% worldwide last year, luxury sales online grew 20%. This September MarcJacobs.com will have more than just videos of models walking on the runway on his website. Jacobs will join others such as Jimmy Choo, Hugo Boss and Donna Karan, all of whom sell, or will soon start selling, products through their websites. The upside? Consumers will soon be able to buy many high-end goods without enduring the bad service of a department store sales clerk.

H) All of this online shopping has given rise to a new version of one of America's favorite holidays. Cyber Monday was coined in 2005 to represent the boom in online sales that comes the Monday after Black Friday-the day after Thanksgiving and the largest shopping day of the year. Though Cyber

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Monday has never overshadowed Black Friday's sales, customers are more comfortable doing shopping online than ever. 83% of consumers say they are more confident in making a purchase when they have conducted research online as opposed to speaking to a salesperson in a store.

I) While retailers were initially terrified of what bad reviews could do to their bottom line, they've since witnessed the power of a compliment and embraced the practice. Despite initial fears, says Craig Berman, Amazon's vice president of global communications, product reviews have only served to increase their customer loyalty. \\It put us in a special place with customers in that they could come to the site and get honest and comprehensive-and over time, very substantial-firsthand knowledge from other customers”. Berman says the company has some reviewers who take online shopping to heart.\proud of being one of our top reviewers--- they take their job really seriously.\Some of Amazon's customers are greedy readers who consider it their duty to review one or two books every single week. While the company may have come a long way from its roots, the company's original specialty has not been forgotten.

注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

46. In the early time of online shopping, the goods that you didn't have to touch, feel or smell in order to buy sold best.

47. When Amazon first began its business, the idea of selling books online was curious.

48. Having seen the power of compliment, Amazon's vice president believed that product reviews help Amazon build customer trust.

49. About two-thirds of American Internet users have shopped online last year. 50. Overstock.com wins customer loyalty by charging fixed fees for delivery.

51. Many virtual stores use various approaches to make online shopping experience more like an in-store shopping trip.

52. It is Amazon's tradition to make office's desks out of doors.

53. Despite its overall downward trend worldwide, the online sales of luxury goods grew twenty percent last year.

54. The advantage of online shopping lies in price and selection.

55. Most consumers would rather conduct research online than speak to a salesperson in a store when making a purchase. Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a, single line through the centre. Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

You might think a little global warming is good for farming. Longer, warmer growing seasons and more carbon dioxide (CO2) --- what plant wouldn't love that? The agricultural industry basically agrees on that. But global warning's effects on agriculture would actually be quite complicated-and mostly not for the better

It's true that some crops will prosper on a warmer planet, but the key word there is \seasons will increase yields for fruit growers in the Great Lakes region. But many major American crops already use CO2 so efficiently that more of it probably won't make much difference to them. What will make a difference are all the other things we'll have more of as temperatures rise-namely droughts(干旱)，bugs and big storms. More droughts mean lower crop yields. Melting snow in the Western U.S. will increase water availability in spring but decrease it in summer, forcing farmers to change cropping practices. As insects that eat crops adapt their migration patterns to our warmer climate, farmers will have to either use more insecticide or plant hardier crops.

Farmers on both coasts are already starting to reap some of what the nation's fossil-fuel addiction has sown. Crops in those regions require a certain number of colder days, or \break dormancy(冬眠)and begin flowering. Too few cold days breaks the plants' flowering schedule

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which in turn affects pollination (授粉) and hurts yield.

So, given how much is at stake for them, how are farm states working to shape climate legislation? In response to agricultural demands, the Waxman-Markey bill frees the agricultural industry from CO2 emission limits and gives up control over what activities guarantee carbon offset credit to the Agricultural Department.

Some farmers-and some farm state congressional leaders-have argued that because plants convert CO2into oxygen, agricultural lands store more CO2 than they emit. This is only theoretically true. What we can say with certainty is that, like most big industries, farming is fossil-fuel intensive-large quantities of CO2 are emitted from farm equipment such as irrigation pumps and tractors. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

56. Under the influence of global warming, the yields of American crops will_____. A) be greatly enhanced B) be certainly reduced C) still remain stable D) be hard to predict 57. \ A) need less water in summer B) are more resistant to bugs

C) are strong enough to stand even big storms D) keep growing regardless of global warming

58. What is the result of \ A) Plants yield decreases due to shortened winter chill. B) Plants yield without dormancy and flowering. C) Crops require longer winter chill than before.

D) The yields are no longer influenced by the climate.

59. According to the Waxman-Markey bill, the farming industry____. A) should increase its consumption of CO2

B) should control its CO2 emission within limits C) is moving towards a CO2-free industry

D) is allowed to emit as much CO2 as it produces

60. The author is most likely to agree that the farming industry_______. A) consumes more CO2 than it emits B) emits more CO2 than it consumes

C) produces many fossil fuels D) consumes many fossil fuels Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

Rising college selectivity doesn't mean that students are smarter and more serious than in the past. It's a function of excess demand for higher education, occurring at a time of increased financial privatization of the industry.

The recession has only increased demand. The vast majority of students aren't going to college because of a thirst for knowledge. They're there because they need a job, and they need to get the credentials (证书) --- and, one hopes, the knowledge and skills behind the credentials-that will get them into the labor market

As higher education has become a seller's market, the institutions in a position to do so are doing what comes naturally: raising their tuitions, and their admissions requirements, but at the expense of contributing to the national goal to increase college attainment. The result is that the United States is losing ground in the international race for educational talent.

The increasing stratification(阶层化)of higher education is happening on the spending side, as well. As the selective institutions have become more expensive and less attainable, the rest have had to struggle with the responsibility to enroll more students without being paid to do so. Gaps between rich and poor have grown even more dramatically than gaps in entering test scores. While spending is a poor measure of educational quality, we can't seriously expect to increase educational attainment if we're not prepared to do something to address these growing inequities in funding.

That said, the educational policy problem in our country is not that the elite institutions are

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