Tuberculosis is one of the world’s most ___41___ health threats.The World Health Organization says tuberculosis kills nearly two million people each year. Another two billion are ___42___: they are infected, but don’t have symptoms of the disease. Those at highest risk can take medicine, but Vanderbilt University researcher Timothy Sterling says not everyone ___43___ with the treatment, which is a daily dose of isoniazid(异烟肼，抗结核药)for nine months. So although the medication is highly effective if people take all of their medication, many people do not take all their medication and therefore the effectiveness of the treatment plan is___44___. As a(n) ___45___, Sterling and his colleagues ___46___ isoniazid with another drug, rifapentine(利福喷汀).The combination was taken weekly, not daily, for just three months. And the results of this study showed that the new treatment plan ---- the three months of isoniazid and rifapentine---- was as effective as the nine–month isoniazid treatment plan.___47___, the short-course, three-month treatment plan had higher treatment completion rates and was also well ___48___.

There was some other difference. The two-drug, combination treatment was administered as directly ___49___ therapy. That means the patients took their medicine in the presence of a health care worker, to ensure that they followed the treatment plan. This was a large study, involving 7,500 participants in North America, Spain, and Brazil. Sterling ___50___ that most of the people in this study were HIV-negative. The results might be ___51___for HIV-positive people. A recent study in South Africa indicated that the combination therapy works well in people infected with HIV as well as tuberculosis, but the study was too small to be___52___.

Timothy Sterling’s research, published in The New England Journal of Medicine, has been ___53___ by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the CDC. The government health agency recommends the 12-dose weekly combination treatment as an equal alternative to the 270–dose daily treatment plan that has been

the___54___therapy. But because of possible ___55___ issues, the CDC still recommends the daily treatment plan for HIV–positive patients who are taking antiretroviral drugs or women who are pregnant. Also because of a lack of data, the CDC says children under age 12 should stay with the nine-month daily treatment.

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41. A. public B. persistent C. predictable D. mild D. under

42. A. out of control B. beyond expectation C. without hope threat 43. A. put up 44. A. decreased 45. A. supplement alternative 46. A. mixed connected

47. A. As a result instance 48. A. imposed 49. A. isolated 50. A. argues 51. A. inevitable 52. A. definite 53. A. conducted 54. A. similar 55. A. personal

B. tolerated B. implemented B. suggests B. negative B. desired B. proved B. unique B. crucial

C. cultivated C. observed C. commands C. distinct C. logical C. demonstrated C. standard C. age

B. In addition

C. In fact

B. replaced

C. associated

B. follow through B. maximized B. substitute

C. get along C. measured C. promotion

D. come up D. enhanced D.

D.

D. For

D. infected D. required D. warns D. indirect D. detailed D. approved D. peculiar D. safety

【答案】41. B 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. A 47. C 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. C 55. D 【解析】

本文属于新闻，介绍结核病是世界上最严重的疾病之一，但是研究人员发现了新的混合疗法用于肺结核疾病的治疗，效果更佳，但是仍不完善，对于HIV呈阳性的病人治疗时，政府机构持谨慎态度。 【41题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：肺结核是世界上最持久的健康威胁之一。A. public公共的；B. persistent固定的，持久的；C. predictable可预测的；D. mild温和的。根据后文The World Health Organization says tuberculosis kills nearly two million people each year可知，每年有大约200万人死于肺结核，故可知该病最持久，故选B。

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【42题详解】

考查介词词义辨析。句意：还有二十亿人遭受肺结核病的威胁，没有任何症状。A. out of control摆脱控制；B. beyond expectation超出期望；C. without hope没有希望；D. under threat遭受威胁。根据后文没有任何症状可知，遭受威胁，故选D。 【43题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：有更高风险患肺结核的人可以服药，但是Vanderbilt University 研究人员Timothy Sterling 说不是每个人完成这个治疗，需要连续服药异烟肼九个月。A. put up忍受；B. follow through坚持到底；C. get along处理；D. come up提出。根据后文可知，需要服药九个月，故可知很难坚持到底，故选B。 【44题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此治疗的有效性会降低。A. decreased减少，降低；B. maximized最大化；C. measured测量；D. enhanced提升。根据前文many people do not take all their medication可知，很多人无法服用他们的药，可知效果降低，故选A。 【45题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一种替代性药品，Sterling 和他的同事把异烟肼与利福喷汀混合。A. supplement补充；B. substitute代替者；C. promotion促进；D. alternative替代性用品。根据文章可知，做成一种新药替代之前的药品，故选D。 【46题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一种替代性药品，Sterling 和他的同事把异烟肼与利福喷汀混合。A. mixed混合；B. replaced代替；C. associated联系；D. connected连接。根据文章可知，把两种药相结合，故选A。 【47题详解】

考查介词词义辨析。句意：事实上，短期疗程，三个月的治疗在治疗过程中完成率更高，更容易被患者接受。A. As a result因此；B. In addition另外；C. In fact事实上；D. For instance例如。根据前后句可知，本句讲述短期疗程的好处，故选C。 【48题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，短期疗程，三个月的治疗在治疗过程中完成率更高，更容易被患者接受。A. imposed强加，利用；B. tolerated容忍；C. cultivated培养；D. infected感染。根据前文higher treatment completion rates更高的治疗完成率可知，更容易被患者接受，故选B。

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【49题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这两种药物结合疗治是通过直接观察的疗法进行的。A. isolated孤立的；B. implemented落实的；C. observed观察的；D. required要求的。根据后文That means the patients took their medicine in the presence of a health care worker可知，病人当着医护人员的面服药，故选C。 【50题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sterling 警告说这份研究中的大多数人都是HIV呈阴性。A. argues争论；B. suggests建议；C. commands要求；D. warns警告。根据后文可知，研究人员研究的对象没有感染HIV，因而对感染HIV的患者意义不一样，故选D。 【51题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个结果可能对HIV呈阳性的患者不同。A. inevitable无法避免的；B. negative消极的，阴性的；C. distinct明显的，不同的；D. indirect间接的。根据后文A recent study in South Africa indicated that the combination therapy works well in people infected with HIV as well as tuberculosis可知，研究发现，混合疗法对患有HIV和肺结核病人的效果很好，故选C。 【52题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是这个研究样本太小而不能确定。A. definite明确的；B. desired渴望的；C. logical 逻辑的；D. detailed详细的。根据文章可知，样本太小，不够明显，故选A。 【53题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：Timothy Sterling 的研究发表在新英格兰医学杂志上，受到美国疾病控制和预防中心的支持和认可。A. conducted实施；B. proved证明；C. demonstrated证明；D. approved同意，认可。根据后文The government health agency recommends the 12-dose weekly combination treatment as an equal alternative to the 270–dose daily treatment plan可知CDC采用了混合疗法，故选D。 【54题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：政府医疗机构推荐每周12剂量的混合疗法作为对每天270剂量的标准疗法的替代性疗法。A. similar相似的；B. unique唯一的；C. standard 标准的；D. peculiar特殊的。根据文章可知，新疗法是标准疗法的替代性疗法，故选C。 【55题详解】

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