【推荐】初中英语语法笔记,非常简明而全面 下载本文

can: 请求 may: 请求 (委婉) might (更委婉)

肯定回答: may/can 否定回答: can’t/mustn’t(明文禁止危险时) (1)May I smoke here? No, you can’t/mustn’t. (2)May I smoke here?

No, you mustn’t. Look at the sign-NO SMOKING.

7. will & would

决定,愿望(would)过去时 I will get 1000 scores. 表请求,would 更委婉 Wouldyou like + n.

Wouldyou like to do= want to do

回答:Yes, please. 或者 Yes,I’d like/love to.

***情态动词-提问与回答 must / need May** may/can can can Wouldyou like Yes, please. 或者 Yes,I’d like/love to. 否定 needn’t/don’t have to can’t/mustn’tcan’t 明文禁止、危险时 **相当于情态动词的固定词组

在初中课本上还有以下固定词组,也起着与情态动词一样的作用:

had better?(最好??),Shall I(we)??(我/我们可以这样做吗?) would like(非常想),Will/Would you (please)??(请你??吗?) used to(过去常常)。

It’s late. I’d better go and lood for him.(太迟了。我最好去找他。) You’d better not read books in poor light.(你最好不要在微弱的灯光下看书。) Shall we start the meeting at once?(我们立即开会好吗?) Will you get me some chalk?(你拿些粉笔给我好吗?) Would you like some bananas?(来点香蕉好吗?)

From: http://www.hxen.com/word/yufacihui/2007-12-24/21454.html

肯定 must 系动词

连系动词也称为系动词,用于连接主语和表语,表示主语身份、性质、状态。连系动词有一定词义,但不完整,不能单独做谓语,必须和表语连用,构成系表结构。例如: You are a teacher, but not a good one. 你是一个老师,但不是好老师。 We feel very happy when we know it. 当我们知道这个的时候,我们都非常高兴。 英语经常用到的连系动词有:

(1) 状态连系动词:表示主语的状态、性质、身份。常用的有be。 My father is very strong. 我的爸爸非常强壮。 (2) 持续连系动词:表示继续或保持一种状态或情况。

常用的有:stay (保持),remain (保持),continue (继续)等。 (3) 表象连系动词:用来表示“看起来”的这一概念的词。 常见的有 appear(看起来),seem(看似),look(看起来)。

Your mother looks much younger than I thought. 你妈妈比我想象得年轻多了。 (4) 感官连系动词:

常用的有feel(摸起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来),sound(听起来)look(看起来)。 The milk tastes a little sour. 这牛奶品尝起来有点酸。

(5) 转变或结果连系动词:become(变为),get(成为),grow(长得),turn(变得),go(变得)等。

Our village is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的村庄正在变得越来越漂亮。 3.助动词

助动词本身没有词意,或者意义不完全,不能单独作谓语,只能和别的动词一起在句子中作谓语,帮助动词构成各种时态、语态等及否定、疑问、强调等。主要的助动词有:be,do,have,shall,will等。例如:

Will you have a sports meeting next week? 你们下一个星期举行体育运动会吗? Is your mother cooking?你妈妈在做饭吗?

Don’t be late for class next time. 下次上课不要再迟到了。

动词:及物动词 & 不及物动词

1. 及物动词 vt.

定义:及物动词后面接动作的承受者 例:One day, the passed a house. He found the killer at last.

2. 不及物动词 vi.

定义:不及物动词后面不能直接跟动作的承受者 例: His father agreed him. (错)

His little brother came China. (错) The children are listening the music. (错) 需要借助介词。

例: His father agreed with him.

His little brother came to China. The children are listening to the music.

3. 既是及物动词也是不及物动词 1)意义不变

例: The cheese smelt. (不及物)

His little brother wanted to smell the cheese. (

2)意义变化 例:

beat vt. 敲打 grow vt. 种植 play vt. 打(牌、球),演奏 smell vt. 闻、嗅 味

speak vt. 说(语言)

及物) vi. 跳动 vi. 生长 vi. 玩耍

vi. 发出气 vi. 讲话

6大时态:一现、一过、一将、现进、现完、过进

一般现在时:

构成:主语+动词原形+其它 主语(he, she, it)+动词三单+其它

用法:1. 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 I brush my teeth every day. 2. 表示客观事实和普遍真理 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 3. 用在格言或警句中 Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成 4. 在时间条件状语从句中,用一般现在时代替一般将来时(主将从现) If it rains tomorrow, we will not go shopping.

常用时间状语:always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, twice a week, every day, on Mondays

一般过去时

一、构成: 主语+动词过去式+其他 Joyce was an obese girl in the past.

One day, she made up her mind to lose weight, so she did exercise every day.

二、用法:

1. 表示过去的状态,或过去发生的动作。 Joyce was an obese girl in the past. 2. 表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。 She did exercise every day. 3. 情景考点。

---Why did you smoke here? Didn’t you see the sign? ---Sorry , I ____________it. 三、一般过去时标志词:

yesterday, the day before yesterday, just now, last night/week/month/year/century?

?ago, the other day, in the old days, in 2010,in the past, when引导的时间状从句

口诀:昨天上个XX前,in加年份when字连