对比关系时，to都不能省略。
Edison’s mother taught him to write and read .
I haven’t decided to go home or to go to the cinema.
2)省掉不定式而保留动词不定式符号to的情况。 Will you take a walk with me ? I’m glad to . Would you like to join my birthday party ? I would love to . 二、动名词
1.动名词相当于一个名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Reading in bed ______(be) bad for your eyes.
2.有些动词或动词短语后面，只能接动名词作宾语。 三、现在分词
1.现在分词常放在see, hear ,watch ,notice 等之后作宾补。 I saw the boy____(play)in the street just now .
2.现在分词作定语常放在被修饰词之前，现在分词短语要放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。
A sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping . Did you know the man talking to Mr Li?=
Did you know the man who was talking to Mr Li? 3.现在分词表伴随情况
He came into the classroom ,carrying a book. 四、过去分词 1.作宾补
have /get +sth +done 表示请别人干某事 I had my TV repaired last night . 2.作定语
单一的过去分词作定语，要放在被修饰词的前面，过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。
Have you ever read any books written by Luxun?
Have you ever read any books _____ _____ written by Luxun? 3.作表语 过去分词作表语已经形容词化 My cup is broken .
七年级至九年级的非谓语动词
一．接动词不定式 （ to do/ do sth ）
1.like to do sth 2.like sb to do sth 3.Let’s (not ) do sth 4.want to do sth 5.want sb to do sth 6.love to do sth 7.ask sb (not ) to do sth 8.stop to do sth 9.tell sb (not ) to do sth 10.watch sb do sth 11.It’s time (for sb) to do sth 12.help sb (to ) do sth 13.help do sth 14.make sb do sth 15.decide (not ) to do sth 16.find it +adj + to do sth 17.have to do sth 18.try (not ) to do sth 19.try one’s best to do sth 20.It’s +adj +(for)of +sb + to do sth 21.plan to do sth 22.S.p.+be a good place to do sth 23.It takes sb +some time + to do sth 24.send sb to do sth 25.invite sb to do sth 26.forget to do sth 27.live to be +时间 28.be able to do sth 29.have sth to do 30.seem to do sth 31.get sb /sth to do sth 32.疑问词+ to
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do sth 33.need sth to do sth 34.use sth to do sth 35.follow sb to sth 36.need to do sth 37.a good time to do sth
38.the best time to do sth 39.the best way to do sth 40.be the first / last one to do sth 41.would like to do sth 42.be excited /surprised to do sth 43.be useful to do sth 44.be allowed to do sth 45.allow sb to do sth 46.It’s better to do sth 47.It’s best to do sth 48.take care (not) to do sth 49.see sb do sth 50.why not do sth ?51.have enough time to do sth 52.too… to do sth 53.not… enough to do sth 54.encourage sb to do sth 55.choose to sth 56.wait to do sth 57.be happy/glad/pleased to do sth 58.make it +adj + to do sth
59.be careful to do sth 60.be afraid to do sth 61.It’s our duty to do sth 62.used to do sth 63.can’t afford to do sth 64.make a decision to do sth 65.have an opportunity to do sth 66.wait for sb to do sth 67.would do sth rather than do sth 68.would rather do sth than do sth 69.hurry to do sth 70.refuse to do sth 71.agree to do sth 72.pretend to do sth 73.pretend to be doing sth 74.prefer to do sth 75.prefer not to do sth 76.prefer to do sth raher than do sth 77.be willing to do sth 78.volunteer +时间/ 钱 + to do sth 79.volunteer to do sth 80.offer to do sth 81.rush to do sth 82.in order (not ) to do sth 83.be certain to do sth 84.be sure to do sth 85.make plans to do sth 86.go out of their way to do sth 87.lead sb to do sth 88.It’s one’s job to do sth 89.It’s one’s turn to do sth 90.urge sb to do sth 91.Could /Would you please (not) do sth ? 92.be supposed to do sth 93.warn sb to do sth 二、接动名词 （doing sth ）
1.like doing sth 2.enjoy doing sth 3.have fun doing sth 4.be interested in doing sth 5.Thanks for doing sth 6.look at sb doing sth 7.stop sb doing sth 8.stop sb from doing sth 9.go + v-ing 10.do the (some )+v-ing 11.What/How doing sth ? 12.practice doing sth 13.watch sb doing sth 14.find sb doing sth 15.mind (one’s ) doing sth 16.can’t stand doing sth 17.think about doing sth 18.spend … (in)doing sth 19.finish doing sth 20.be busy doing sth 21.keep doing sth 22.keep sb from doing sth 23.keep sb doing sth 24.be good at doing sth 25.hate doing sth 26.There be +名词+doing sth 27.make a living by doing sth 28.have a difficult time doing sth 29.feel like doing sth 30.allow doing sth 31.see sb doing sth 32.by doing sth 33.end up doing sth 34.do a survey about doing sth 35.be afraid of doing sth 36.be used to doing sth 37.be terrified of doing sth 38.give up doing sth 39.instead of doing sth 40.have nothing against doing sth 41.be serious about doing sth 42.have a chance of doing sth 43.before/ when /while +doing sth 44.start doing sth 45.have a lot of experience doing sth 46.prefer doing sth 47.consider doing sth 48.dream of / about doing sth 49.continue doing sth 50.put off doing sth 51.be used for doing sth =be used to do sth 52.prefer doing sth to doing sth 53.without doing sth 54.be comfortable doing sth 55.can’t stop/help doing sth 56.look forward to doing sth
57.be against doing sth 58.have trouble/problems/difficulty (in) doing sth 59.suggest doing sth 60.be busy doing sth 61.be worth doing sth
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第二部分：句法
中考考点十二：主谓一致
一．就近原则
1. 由并列结构或连词（either?or， neither?nor，not?but， not only?but also， or等）连接的并列主语，谓语动词与较近的那个名词或代词保持一致。 Neither his parents nor Tom_____(be) at home.
2. 在倒装句和there be句型中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。 There _____(be) a book and some pens on the desk. There ______(come) the bus.
3. 在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。 I know the man who_____(be) talking to my father.
4. 在强调句中，连接代词又在句中作主语，这时它应与被强调的主语保持一致。 It is Mary’s brother who_____(be) injured in the car accident yesterday. 二．意义一致原则
1. 当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with，with，as well as，together with， besides，except， but， including等短语时 ，谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。 I along with my sister_____(be) going to Shanghai next month.
2. 由“what”引导的名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。 What I want to say _____(be) just “ Take care!”.
3. “?+ (of) +名词”作主语时，若“of”后的名词为单数（不可数名词），则谓语动词用单数，如果名词为复数，则谓语动词用复数。 Most of the water here ______(be) clean.
80% cotton ______have) been sent to America.80% Half of the apples ______(be) red.
6. 词组“a number of”作主语时，谓语动词应用复数；“the number of‖作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
A number of ancient buildings _____ (be) destroyed in the war. The number of the visitors _____ (have) decreased this year. 7. 英语的集体名词（family, public, group, team, class等词），指代“整体”时为单数；指代“其中的各成员”则为复数。
My family ____(be) very poor when I was a little girl My family ______(be) all looking forward for your coming. 三．整体原则
1. 从句、不定式、动名词等作主语时谓语动词用单数。 When to leave _____(be) not been decided.
Watching TV too much _____(be) bad for your eyes.
注：如果主语是两个(或两个以上)的名词性从句，谓语动词常用复数。 What he said and what he did _____(be) always different last night .
2. 如果两个以上的名词组成一个整体概念作主语时，谓语动词须用单数。 The novelist and poet _____(be) going to Europe next year.
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The novelist and the poet_____(be) going to Europe next year.
3. 表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数。 10 minutes is enough.
4.加减乘除等数学运算谓语动词通常用单数。 2 and 3 ______5.
5.“the +姓氏名词的复数”表示“一家人、….夫妇”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 The Blacks ______(enjoy) working in China. 四．个体原则
1. every +….and every +…..或each+…and each +…作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Every man and every woman _____(be) busy at working.
2. 英语句中的each， either， neither等词，作代词充当主语，修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Neither of us _____(have) been abroad. Neither answer _____(be) wrong .
3. 由some, any every, no构成的复合词（somebody，nobody，everything，anything等）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Somebody ______(be)waiting for you at the school gate.
4. 成双成对出现的复数名词（glasses，shoes，trousers，pants，gloves等）作主语时，通常谓语动词用复数，但前面有a /the pair of；a /the suit of等词语时，则谓语动词要与量词（pair, suit, piece ）在单复数上保持一致。
A pair of scissors_______(be) useful tool for a dressmaker. Two pieces of paper ______(be ) on the desk .
5. 以复数形式出现，却表示单数意义（maths, physics, news …）谓语用单数。 Maths_____(be) my favorite subject. 6.“the +形容词（old /young /rich /poor ）”表示“一类人”，作主语时，谓语用复数。 The young ______(like) listening to popular songs .
7.“the +姓氏的复数” 表示“某某夫妇，某某一家人”，作主语时，谓语用复数。 The Greens _______(be)having lunch now.
中考考点十三：倒装句
1. 当句首为副词here ，there 且主语为名词时，应用完全倒装。 Here comes the bus !. There goes the bell. !
2. only 修饰时间、地点、方式等状语时，应用部分倒装。 Only in this way can we solve the problem. Only when you told me did I know her name.
注意：如果 only 修饰的不是状语，则句子不倒装。 Only Uncle Li knows how it happened.
3. 表示对前者的陈述也适用后者时，肯定倒装用“ so + 助动词／情态动词 + 后者”，前句事否定，而后面的人也不怎么样时用“ neither / nor + 助动词 / 情态动词 + sb”。 He can speak English，so can I.
If she doesn’t go there tomorrow，neither / nor will I. 注意
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