2.季节,月份,星期,节假日名词前不用任何冠词.

In July in summer on Monday on Teachers’ Day

3.人名,地名,国家名前不加冠词

Beijing is the capital of China

4.学科,语言,称呼,语职务名词前不用冠词

Math is hard to learn

5.复数名词表示类别时不加冠词

They are workers I like eating apples

6.名词前已有物主代词(my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及所有格限制时,不用冠词

my book(正)；my the book(误)

7.在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。

No.25 Middle School

五.用与不用冠词的差异

in hospital住院 /in the hospital在医院里

in front of在?(外部的)前面 /in the front of在?(内部的)前面 at table进餐 /at the table在桌子旁 by sea乘船 /by the sea在海边

go to school(church?)上学(做礼拜?) /go to the school(church?)到学校(教堂?)去 two of us我们当中的两人/the two of us我们两人(共计两人) next year明年 /the next year 第二年 a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一个人)

/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两个人)

中考专题三：代词

一．人称代词： 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 I me we 第一人称 you you you 第二人称 it/she/he it/her/him they 第三人称 1.主格作主语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语. He teaches ______(we) Chinese . 2.三种人称代词并列时,顺序为:

单数:二,三,一 （You, she and I ） 复数:一,二,三 (we , you and they ) 注:若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.) She and I have been to Beijing .

Who broke the window ? I and Mike . 注：it 还有一些特别的用法。

1）用作形式主语,常用于 ―It’s +adj +to do sth‖句型中. 2) 用在句型: ―It seems that …‖中.

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宾格 us you them 3) 用在句型: ―It’s one’s turn to do sth‖中. 4) 用在句型: ―It’s time to do sth / for sth‖中. 5) 用在句型: ―It’s +adj +that 从句‖中.

6) 用作形式宾语, 用来代替动词不定式. make /think /feel/find + it + adj (名词)+ to do sth . 二.物主代词. 形容词性 名词性 my mine 第一人称 单数 复数 our ours 第二人称 单数 your yours 复数 your yours 第三人称 单数 its/his/her its/his/hers 复数 their theirs 1. 形容词性的物主代词作定语放在名词前，不能单独使用。

2. 名词性的物主代词，后面不能加名词。名词性的物主代词常与of 连用。 Our classroom is as big as ______(they) . This is a friend of ______(my).

注: 1)名词性的物主代词相当于形容词性的物主代词加一个名词.

（名词性的物主代词=形容词性的物主代词+ 名词）

2)形容词性的物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词. My own house = a house of my own 三.反身代词 单数 复数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 myself yourself himself/herself/itself ourselves yourselves themselves 记忆小窍门:

反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f替.

反身代词的常用搭配:

enjoy oneself hurt oneself teach oneself = learn…by oneslf all by oneself help oneself to … look after oneself leave sb by oneself lose oneself in

say to oneself for oneself dress oneself improve oneself see oneself in the mirror 四.指示代词

1.近指: this these 远指: that those 2.用法:

1)that those 常用来代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复. That代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词. Those 代替复数名词.

The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _____ in Qinghai . The books in that shop are cheaper than ______in this shop. A.this B.that C.one D.those

2)this ,that 可代替句子或句子的一个部分,that代替前面提到的句子而this代替下面提到的句子.

He had a bad cold ,that is why he didn’t come . 3)在电话用语中,this 代替自己,而that 代替对方. This is Tom speaking . Who is that ?

五.不定代词的区别. 1.one与it 的区别

One 代替同类事物中的一种. 而it代替上文中出现的某事物.

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This book is a good one . May I borrow it ? 2.some与any 的区别

一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑问句,条件句中.但在表建议的疑问句中,仍用some 代any. 常用于could / would / May 开头或what about /how about …. 的句中。 May I have some water ?

He asked me for some paper , but I didn’t have any . 3.many与much的区别

Many+可数名词的复数 Much+不可数名词 都相当于 a lot of +复数名词/不可数名词

注:a lot of 不能用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much . 4.a few /few /a little /little 的区别

修饰可数名词 修饰不可数名词 表否定(几乎没有) few little 表肯定(有一点/几个) a few a little The story is easy to read . there are _____ new words in it . Hurry up ! There is _____ time left . 5.each / every 的区别

each 表示两者或两者以上的人或物中的每一个.而every 表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一个.

There are trees and frowers on _____ side of the street . ______ student has read a story .

注:each 可以与of 连用, each of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数.而every 不能与of 连用.只能放在名词前作定语.

Each of us _______(study )hard . 6.no one 与none 的区别

no one 表示没有人, 不能与of 连用. 而none of +复数名词/ 代词，作主语时，谓语常用单数。.

The boys were all tired , but _____ of them stopped to have a rest . 7.both /neither /either /all / none / any 的区别

两者之间 三者或三者以上 都 both all 都不 neither none 任何一个 either any There are many trees on ____ side of the river . A. both B.any C.either D.all 注: 1). both 的否定词是neither , all的否定词是none.

2).both of 作主语时,谓语动词用复数. neither of作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. Neither of the answers ______(be) right . Both of my parents _______(be) workers. 3).词组

A) both …and …连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数. 同义词组:not only …but also … 反义词组: neither … nor …

Not only you but also she likes watching TV.= ____ you _____ she like watching TV .= You like watching TV , _____ _____ she .

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B) either …or … 或者……或者…… , neither…nor… 既不……也不…… 连接两个主语时,谓语动词实行就近原则.

Neither you nor he ______ (be ) right .

One of Lily and Lucy is going to the park. = _____ Lily _____Lucy _____ going to the park. C) either 也可用于否定句中的 ―也‖

D) neither 也可表示 ― 也不‖ 句型: neither … sb 某人也不怎么样. If you don’t go there , _____ _____ I . (我也不去) 4) how many /how much 的回答:用none回答. Who 的回答:用no one 回答. What 的回答:用nothing 回答.

How many students are there in the classroom ? ______.Who can answer the question ? _______.

A. None B.No one C.Nothing

8.other /the other /others /the others 的区别

有数量限制(特指) 没有数量限制(泛指) (空)后面没有名词 (空)后面有名词 the others others the other other 注: 1) one …the other … 表示两者之间的一个……另一个…… 2) some… others… 表示一些…… 一些……

3) another 表示三者以上的不确定数目中的另一个. 只能修饰可数名词的单数. 但 another +数字+ 复数名词= 数字+ more +复数名词 表示 ― 另外几个……‖ Would you like ______ apple ?

I have two brothers , one is a teacher , _________ is a worker .

Some are cleaning the classroom , ______ are sweeping the window .

There are 20 teachers in our school . Eight of them are men teachers ,and _____ are women teachers 9.

everyone 每个，人人，大家 不与of 连用

every one 每个人、物 可与of 连用

Every one of us has seen the film . Everyone should do their best . 10.复合不定代词.

thing one body some something someone somebody any anything anyone anybody no nothing no one nobody every everything everyone everybody

注: 1.复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.

2.形容词修饰不定代词时, 形容词放在不定代词之后.

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