d. It is unknown / a question / not clear / not certain / not known / wondered / asked whether(how, when, who..)-clause . (whether/how/who/when-clauseÊÇÕæÕýµÄÖ÷Óï, itÊÇÐÎʽÖ÷Óï.)

a. It is clear that he means well.

b. It is said that there are hundreds of languages in the world. It is reported that China has sent up another man-made satellite.

It is known to all that China is a country with the largest population in the world. c. It is important that we should master advanced technology. It is strange that he should not have passed the exam.

It is suggested that the sports meet (should) be delayed until next Saturday. d. It is not clear whether he means well. It is a question how we can finish the task in such a short time. It is wondered whether there is life on other planets. 41. a. It is + adj. / n. + (for sb.) to do sth. b. It is clever (polite, foolish, kind ¡­) of sb. to do sth. c. It is no use (no good, no harm ¡­) (sb.¡¯s) doing sth. d. There is no use (good , need, reason ¡­) (for sb.) to do sth. a. It is not necessary for us to worry about him. It is a pleasure for him to do more for others. b. It is impolite of you to treat the guests that way. (c.f. You are impolite to treat the guests that way.) c. It is no use saying much without doing anything. d. There is no need for us to worry about him.

42. a. It is time for sth. ×öijʵÄʱºòµ½ÁË, ¸Ã¸ÉijÊÂÁË

b. It is time (for sb.) to do sth. =The time of sb.¡¯s doing sth. has come. ¸ÃÊÇijÈË×öijʵÄʱºò.

c. It is time that sb, did sth. =It is time that sb. should do sth. ¸ÃÊÇijÈË×öijʵÄʱºò.

d. It is one¡¯s turn to do sth. ÂÖµ½Ä³ÈË×öijÊÂÁË a. Is it time for dinner?

b. I don¡¯t think it is time for the child to get up. It¡¯s still early. c. It is time that we went to bed now. d. Whose turn is it to be on duty today?

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43. a. wish that-clause (that-clauseµÄʱ̬°´³ÂÊöÓïÆøµÄʱ̬Íù¹ýÈ¥ÍÆÒÆÒ»²½)

b. order / advise (½¨Òé) / suggest (½¨Òé) / require(ÒªÇó) / demand(ÒªÇó) / ask(ÒªÇó) / insist(¼á¾öÒªÇó) that-clause (should + Ô­Ðζ¯´Ê, »òÊ¡ÂÔshould)

c. insist (¼á³ÖÈÏΪ) / suggest (°µÊ¾, ±íÃ÷) that-clause (³ÂÊöÓïÆø) a. I wish I were a bird.

He wished he knew his friend¡¯s telephone number. (µ±wishÊǹýȥʽʱ, ºóÃæµÄ±öÓï´Ó¾äνÓïʱ̬²»Íù¹ýÈ¥ÍÆÒÆÒ»²½, Óë³ÂÊöÓïÆøÏàͬ.)

b. They suggested that Fred (should) go there right away. (c.f. They suggested Fred¡¯s/Fred going there right away.) The present situation requires that it be done at once. I asked that I be sent where I was needed. He insisted that I should go with him. (c.f. He insisted on my/me going with him.) c. I insist that it has nothing to do with John. Her expression suggested that she was angry. (c.f. Her expression suggested anger.)

(for sb.) to do sth. 44. Vt. + it(ÐÎʽ±öÓï) + adj. / n.(±öÓï²¹×ãÓï) (sb.¡¯s) doing sth. (ÕæÕýµÄ±öÓï) that-clause ˵Ã÷: vt.: find(¾õµÃ, ·¢ÏÖ) , feel (¾õµÃ), think(ÈÏΪ), consider(ÈÏΪ), make(ʹ¡­³ÉΪ¡­ ), take ¡­ for granted (¶Ô..Ï뵱Ȼ, ¶Ô¡­ÐÅÒÔΪÕæ)

As he was an old friend of hers, she found it difficult to refuse him. He feels it his duty to help the passengers out. She has made it a rule to rise early.

I think it necessary that we should master a foreign language at school. (c.f. I think it is necessary that we should master a foreign language at school.) We found it no use explaining this to him. We all think it a question what to do next.

We took it for granted that they would accept our suggestion. (She used to tell me not to take anything for granted.

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45. By the time-clause, + Ö÷¾ä(¹ýÈ¥Íê³Éʱ / ½«À´Íê³Éʱ) µ½¡­¡­µÄʱºò, (½«)ÒѾ­¡­¡­

By the time he arrived , the film had been on for half an hour.

By the time he graduates from college, I will have worked as a teacher for three years. 46. On / Upon doing sth. , + ¾ä×Ó(Ò»°ã¹ýȥʱ / Ò»°ã½«À´Ê±) Ò»¡­¡­ ¾Í¡­¡­

Upon seeing his teacher standing at the school gate, he turned back and hurried away. (=As soon as he saw his teacher standing at the school gate, he turned back and hurried away.) On arriving at the hillside, we began planting trees.

(=On our arrival at the hillside, we began planting trees. / As soon as we arrived at the hillside, we began planting trees.)

adj. / n. (±íÓï), 47. adv. (×´Óï), as + Ö÷Óï + νÓï , + Ö÷¾ä Ö÷ҪνÓﶯ´Ê, ËäÈ»¡­¡­, µ«ÊÇ¡­¡­

Clever as he is, he is never proud of this. (=Though he is clever, he is never proud of this.) Hero as he is , he has some shortcomings. (=Though he is a hero, he has some shortcomings.) Hard as he may work, he has little chance of passing the test. (= Though he may work hard, he has little chance of passing the test.) Try as you will, you won¡¯t manage it. (=Though you will try, you won¡¯t manage it.)

48. a. so as (not) to do ÒԱ㡭 (Ä¿µÄ×´Óï, ²»ÄÜ·ÅÔÚ¾äÊ×)

so that-clause (can, be able to, may) ÒԱ㡭 (Ä¿µÄ×´Óï, ²»ÄÜ·ÅÔÚ¾äÊ×) b. in order(not) to do ΪÁË¡­ (Ä¿µÄ×´Óï)

in order that-clause (can, be able to, may) ΪÁË¡­(Ä¿µÄ×´Óï)

a. We hurried there so as to see them off . (=We hurried there so that we could see them off.) We should work hard so as to (=so that we can) build China into a modern powerful socialist country.

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c.f. She was so angry as to be unable to speak. (=She was very angry so as to be unable to speak.) (½á¹û×´Óï) Nothing more was heard of him, so that people thought that he was dead. (½á¹û×´Óï)

b. He shouted at the top of his voice in order to (=in order that he might) be heard. In order that everybody may understand, I¡¯ll explain it once more. 49. a. so,,, (adj. or adv.) that-clause Èç´Ë¡­ ÒÔÖÂÓÚ¡­ b. such¡­(n.) that-clause Èç´Ë ¡­ ÒÔÖÂÓÚ¡­

adj . +a(an) + n. + that-clause Èç´Ë¡­ ÒÔÖÂÓÚ ¡­ many c. so much few + n. + that-clause Èç´Ë¡­ ÒÔÖÂÓÚ¡­ little a. She was so ill that we had to send for a doctor.

The teacher spoke so fast that we could hardly follow him. b. He is such a clever boy that everyone here loves him. c. He is so clever a boy that everyone here loves him. The colour TV set costs so much money that no one can afford it. So few people would accept his theory that he had to give it up. 50. a. too + adj. or adv. + (for sb.) to do ¡­ Ì«¡­ ÒÔÖÂÓÚ²»ÄÜ ¡­ b. too + adj. + a (an) + n. + to do ¡­ Ì« ¡­ µÄ ¡­ ÒÔÖÂÓÚ²»ÄÜ¡­ c. adj. or adv. + enough (for sb.) to do (sth) ×ã¹» ¡­ ÒÔÖÂÓÚÄÜ¡­ a. No one is too old to learn. (=One is never too old to learn).

Mary got up too late that morning to catch the first bus. (=Mary got up so late that morning that she could not catch the first bus.)

c.f. This question is too difficult to answer. This question is too difficult for me to answer. (=This question is so difficult that I can¡¯t answer it.)

The bridge is too narrow for the truck to pass through. (=The bridge is so narrow that the truck can¡¯t pass through it.)

b. This is too narrow a bridge for the truck to pass through. It is too hot a day to work.

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c. He is not strong enough to carry the heavy box. (=He is not so strong that he can¡¯t carry the heavy box.) c.f. The maths problem is easy enough (for him) to work out. (=The maths problem is so easy that he can work it out.)

This room isn¡¯t big enough for us three to live in. (=This room is not so big that we three can¡¯t live in it.)

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