£¨1£© waste ×÷²»¿ÉÊýÃû´Ê£¬ÒâΪ¡°ÀË·Ñ£¬·ÏÎÀ¬»ø¡±¡£ÀýÈ磺
I hate waste. ÎÒÌÖÑáÀË·Ñ¡£ £¨2£© waste ×÷ÐÎÈÝ´Ê£¬ÒâΪ¡°ÎÞÓõģ¬À˷ѵģ¬»Ä·ÏµÄ¡±¡£ÀýÈ磺 We shouldn¡¯t throw waste paper about. ÎÒÃDz»Ó¦¸ÃÂÒÈÓ·ÏÖ½¡£
A factory is pouring waste water into the river. Ò»¼Ò¹¤³§ÕýÔÚÏòºÓÀïÇãµ¹·ÏË®¡£ £¨3£© waste ×÷¼°Îﶯ´Ê£¬ÒâΪ¡°ÀË·Ñ¡±¡£ÀýÈ磺 We shouldn¡¯t waste the time. ÎÒÃDz»Ó¦¸ÃÀË·Ñʱ¼ä¡£ 3. pass £¨1£© pass×÷¶¯´Ê£¬ÒâΪ¡°¾¹ý£¬´«µÝ¡±¡£ÀýÈ磺
The school bus passed our garden. У³µ¾¹ýÁËÎÒÃǵĻ¨Ô°¡£ Please pass me the book. Çë°ÑÊéµÝ¸øÎÒ¡£ £¨2£© pass ×÷Ãû´Ê£¬ÒâΪ¡°¹Ø¿Ú£¬Í¨¹ý¡±¡£ÀýÈ磺 He has got a pass mark. Ëû´ïµ½Á˼°¸ñ±ê×¼¡£
4. borrow£¦lend
£¨1£©borrow ÒâΪ¡°½è£¬½èÓá±£»·´Òå´ÊÊÇlend£¨½è³ö£©¡£
¡°borrow¡from¡±ÒâΪ¡°´Ó¡¡½è£¨È룩¡¡¡±¡£
I often borrow books from the library. ÎÒ¾³£´ÓͼÊé¹ÝÀï½èÊé¡££¨ 2 £©¡°lend¡to¡± ÒâΪ¡° °Ñ¡¡ ½è £¨³ö£©¡¡¡±¡£ÀýÈ磺
I lend my book to Lily. ÎÒ°ÑÎÒµÄÊé½è¸øÀòÀòÁË¡£
5. depend
dependÒâ˼Ϊ¡°ÒÀ¿¿¡¢ÒÀÀµ¡¢È¡¾öÓÚ¡±µÈ£¬Ö»ÓÃ×÷²»¼°Îﶯ´Ê£¬Í¨³£Óë½é´Ê on, upon Á¬Óã¬Ö÷ÒªÓ÷¨ÓУº £¨1£© depend on/upon£«Ä³ÈË»òijÎïÀýÈ磺
Whether we¡¯ll go camping depends on the weather. ÎÒÃÇÊÇ·ñÈ¥Ò°ÓªÒª¿´ÌìÆø¡£
ÓÐʱ¿ÉÔÚijÈË»òijÎïºóÓýé´Êfor¡£ÀýÈ磺
Children depend on their parents for food and clothing. ¶ùͯµÄÒÂʳ¿¿¸¸Ä¸¡£ £¨2£© depend on [upon]£« ´Ó¾ä ÀýÈ磺
Our success depends on whether everyone works hard or not. ÎÒÃǵijɹ¦È¡¾öÓÚÿ¸öÈËÊÇ·ñŬÁ¦¡£
The amount you pay depends on where you live. Ä㸶¶àÉÙǮҪ¿´ÄãסʲôµØ·½¡£ £¨3£© ¿ÚÓïÖÐ˵ It (all) depends. /That depends.ÒâΪ¡°ÄÇÒª¿´Çé¿ö¡±¡£ÀýÈ磺 - Are you going too? ÄãҲȥÂð? £That depends. ÄÇÒª¿´Çé¿ö¡£
depend onÒâΪ¡° ÊÓ¡¡ ¶ø¶¨£» È¡¾öÓÚ£» ÒÀ¿¿¡±£¬ Æäºó¿É¸úÃû´Ê¡¢´ú´Ê»ò´Ó¾ä×÷±öÓ onÒ²¿ÉÒÔ»»Îª upon¡£ÀýÈ磺
£When shall we start? ÎÒÃÇʲôʱºò¶¯Éí£¿
£It depends on(upon) the weather. ÒÀÌìÆøÇé¿ö¶ø¶¨¡£ He depended on his uncle after his father died. ¸¸Ç×È¥ÊÀºó£¬ËûÒÀ¿¿ËûµÄÊåÊå¡£
6. while £¨1£© while×÷Á¬´Êʱ£¬¿ÉÒÔÒâΪ¡°µ±¡¡Ê±ºò, ºÍ¡¡Í¬Ê±¡±¡£ÀýÈ磺 Our friends arrived while we were having dinner. µ±ÎÒÃdzԷ¹µÄʱºò£¬ÅóÓÑÃÇÀ´ÁË¡£ £¨2£© while»¹¿É×÷²¢ÁÐÁ¬´Ê£¬ÒâΪ¡°¶ø£¬È»¶ø¡±£¬±íʾÁ½ÕßÖ®¼äµÄ¶Ô±È¡£ÀýÈ磺 I like listening to music, while my brother likes doing sports.
ÎÒϲ»¶ÌýÒôÀÖ£¬¶øÎҵĵܵܰ®ºÃÔ˶¯¡£
7. provide
provideΪ¼°Îﶯ´Ê£¬ÒâΪ¡°Ìṩ¡±£¬³£ºÍwith´îÅä¡£provide sb. with sth.±íʾ¡°ÎªÄ³ÈËÌṩijÎ£¬ÆäͬÒâ±í´ïΪ provide sth. for sb.¡£ÀýÈ磺
The Sun provides us with light and heat. Ì«Ñô¸øÎÒÃÇÌṩ¹âºÍÈÈ¡£Sheep provide us with wool. /Sheep provide wool for us.
Ñò¹©¸øÎÒÃÇÑòë¡£
8. since £¨1£© since×÷½é´Ê£¬ÒâΪ¡°´Ó¡ÒÔÀ´; ×Ô´Ó¡Ö®ºó¡±¡£ÀýÈ磺 She has been ill since last weekend. Ëý×Ô´ÓÉÏÖÜÄ©¾Í²¡ÁË¡£
She has been in Wuhan since four years ago. ×Ô´ÓËÄÄêǰËý¾ÍÔÚÎ人¡£ £¨2Since it is late I shall go home now.£© since×÷Á¬´Ê£¬¿ÉÒÔÒâΪ¡°ÒòΪ; ¼ÈÈ» ; ÓÉÓÚ¡±¡£ÀýÈ磺 ÓÉÓÚʱ¼äÍíÁËSince you are so sure of it he¡¯ll believe you., ÎÒÏÖÔÚÒª»Ø¼ÒÁË¡£
¼ÈÈ»Äã¶Ô´ËÕâôÓаÑÎÕ, Ëû»áÏàÐÅÄãµÄ¡£
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¢ñ.Ó¢ºº»¥Òë¡£
1. as a result _________ 2. ÒÀ¿¿£¬ÒÀÀµ________ 3. Ä¿µÄÊÇ£¬ÎªÁË_______ 4. take care of _______ 5. in surprise _________ 6. µ¹À¬»ø_________ 7. come over _________ 8. Ïй䣬Áï´ï________ 9. provide sth. for sb. _______10. all the time _____ ¢ò. ¸ù¾ÝÊ××Öĸ»òÕߺºÓïÌáʾ²¹È«µ¥´Ê¡£
1. Jack p ______ the ball very quickly in basketball games. 2. I b _______ a book from the library yesterday.
3 _________ (¼ÈÈ») everyone is here, let¡¯s begin our class. 4. £Sandy, could you please take the r _______ ? £No problem.
5. What a ________ (ÔÓÂÒ)£¡You should clean up your bedroom at once. 6. The hotel will p _______ free breakfast for guests. 7. Don¡¯t w ______ money to buy something useless. 8. She lives next to my house. We are n ______ _. 9. I like singing w ________ my sister likes dancing.
10. Nowadays most people have too much _______ (¾«ÉñѹÁ¦).
¢ó. ÓÃÀ¨ºÅÖе¥´ÊµÄÕýÈ·ÐÎʽÌî¿Õ¡£
1. I like to sweep the floor but I hate _______ (do) the dishes. 2. When did you finish _________ (write) the book? 3. We should learn to be _________ (independence). 4. China and India are ________ (develop) countries.
5. They challenged him about the ________ (fair) of his remarks.
6. Her mother often ________(help) her ________(fold) the clothes. Look! Shethe clothes for her now.
7. My mom ________ (get) angry with me when I forgot to clean the room. 8. I called you yesterday, but you ________ (not, be) in. 9. My friend, Mike, enjoys ________ (cook) very much. 10. £May I use your computer? £Sorry, I ________ (work) on it now.
________(fold)
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¢ñ.Ó¢ºº»¥Òë¡£
1. Òò´Ë£¬½á¹û 2. depend on 3. in order to 4. ÕÕÁÏ£¬°®»¤ 5. ¾ªÑȵØ
6. take out the rubbish 7. ¹ýÀ´£¬Ë³±ãÀ´·Ã 8. hang out 9. ¸øÄ³ÈËÌṩijÎï 10. ×ÜÊÇ£¬·´¸´£¬Æµ·±µÄ
¢ò. ¸ù¾ÝÊ××Öĸ»òÕߺºÓïÌáʾ²¹È«µ¥´Ê¡£ 1. passes 2. borrowed 3. Since 4. rubbish 5. mess 6. provide
7. waste 8. neighbors 9. while 10. stress ¢ó. ÓÃÀ¨ºÅÖе¥´ÊµÄÕýÈ·ÐÎʽÌî¿Õ
1. to do / doing 2. writing 3. independent 4. developing 5. fairness
6. helps; (to) fold; is folding 7. got
8. weren¡¯t 9. cooking 10. am working
02 ÖØµã¾äÐͽâÎö
1. Could you please clean your room?
£¨1£©¡°Could + Ö÷Óï + please + ¶¯´ÊÔÐÎ + ÆäËû£¿¡±ÕâÒ»¾äÐÍÏ൱ÓÚ¡°Could + Ö÷Óï + ¶¯´ÊÔÐÎ + ÆäËû£¬please£¿¡±ÒâΪ¡°Çë¡¡£¬ºÃÂ𣿡±¡£ÕâÁ½ÖÖ¾äÐ;ù±íʾÀñòµÄÇëÇó£¬ÓïÆøÎ¯Íñ£¬¿ÍÆø¡£ÆäÖÐcouldÔÚ ´Ë¾äÖв»±íʾ¹ýÈ¥£¬¶ø±íʾ˵»°È˵ÄÓïÆøÎ¯Íñ¡£Òò´Ë»Ø´ðʱ£¬²»ÄÜÓÃcould»Ø´ð¡£ÀýÈ磺 Could you please help me with my English? = Could you help me with my English, please? ÇëÄã°ïÎÒѧӢÓïºÃÂð£¿
£Could I have a look at it, please? ÇëÈÃÎÒ¿´Ò»¿´ËüºÃÂ𣿠£Certainly£¡µ±È»¿ÉÒÔ¡£
2. They should ¡in order to get good grades and get into a good university. £¨1£© ±¾¾äÖеÄin order toÊÇÒ»¸ö¹Ì¶¨´îÅäµÄ¶ÌÓÒâ˼ÊÇ¡°ÎªÁË¡±£¬ºó½Ó¶¯´ÊÔÐι¹³É²»¶¨Ê½½á¹¹ÔÚ¾ä×ÓÖÐ×÷Ä¿µÄ×´Ó·ñ¶¨ÐÎʽÊÇÔÚtoÇ°Ãæ¼Ónot¡£in order to¿ÉÒÔºÍso as to »¥»»£¬µ«ºóÕß²»ÄÜ·ÅÔÚ¾äÊס£ÀýÈ磺
In order not to be late, you should go now. ΪÁ˲»³Ùµ½£¬ÄãÏÖÔÚÓ¦¸Ã×ß¡£ £¨2£© in order to+¶¯´ÊÔÐκÍso as to+¶¯´ÊÔÐοÉÒÔת»»³Éin order that+´Ó¾äºÍso that+´Ó¾ä¡£ÀýÈ磺
He did anything in order to make money.
= He did anything in order that he could make money. ΪÁË׬Ǯ£¬Ëûʲô¶¼×ö¡£
Please go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.
=Please go in quietly so that we won¡¯t wake the baby. Çë²»Éù²»ÏìµØ½øÈ¥ÒÔÃâŪÐѺ¢×Ó¡£
3. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. ¡°neither +be¶¯´Ê/Öú¶¯´Ê/Çé̬¶¯´Ê + Ö÷Ó±íʾ¡°¡¡Ò²²»¡±£¬Ö¸ºóÕßÓëǰÕß¾ßÓÐÏàͬµÄÇé¿ö£¬µ«ÊDZíʾµÄÊÇ·ñ¶¨ÒâÒåµÄÏàͬ¡£Ï൱ÓÚÒ»¸öÖ÷νµ¹×°µÄ·ñ¶¨¾ä¡£neither ´Ë´¦ÒâΪ¡°Ò²²»¡±£¬ÊǸ±´Ê¡£ÀýÈ磺 Mary doesn¡¯t like singing. Neither do I.
ÂêÀö²»Ï²»¶³ª¸è£¬ÎÒÒ²²»Ï²»¶¡££¨ÎÒºÍMary ÓÐÏàͬµÄÇé¿ö£¬Ç°¾äÊÇ·ñ¶¨¾ä£¬ÏÂÎÄÓÃneither¿ªÍ·£¬Ö÷νµ¹×°£©
Èç¹ûÉÏÎÄÊǿ϶¨¾ä£¬ÏÂÎıíʾÓëÉÏÎÄÓÐÏàͬÇé¿öʱ£¬Óá°so+ be¶¯´Ê/Öú¶¯´Ê/Çé̬¶¯´Ê + Ö÷Ó¡£ÀýÈ磺 Mary likes singing. So do I. ÂêÀöϲ»¶³ª¸è¡£ÎÒҲϲ»¶¡££¨ÎÒºÍMaryÓÐÏàͬÇé¿ö£¬Ç°¾äÊǿ϶¨¾ä£¬ÏÂÎÄÓÃso¿ªÍ·£¬Ö÷νµ¹×°£©
¡¾ÍØÕ¹¡¿
µ±±íʾ¶ÔÉÏÎÄËù½²ÄÚÈݵÄÔÞͬʱ£¬¿ÉÒÔÓá°so + Ö÷Óï + be¶¯´Ê/Öú¶¯´Ê/Çé̬¶¯´Ê¡±»òÕß¡°neither + Ö÷Óï + be¶¯´Ê/Öú¶¯´Ê/Çé̬¶¯´Ê¡±À´±íʾ¡£Ç°ÕßÓÃÓڿ϶¨¾ä£¬ºóÕßÓÃÓÚ·ñ¶¨¾ä¡£ÀýÈ磺 Mary plays the piano well. So she does.
ÂêÀö¸ÖÇÙµ¯µÃºÜºÃ¡£Ëýȷʵµ¯µÃºÃ¡£(±íʾ¶ÔÉÏÎÄËù½²ÄÚÈݵÄÔÞͬ£¬Ç°¾äÊǿ϶¨¾ä£¬ÏÂÎÄÓÃso¿ªÍ·£¬ Ö÷ν²»µ¹×°)
Mary doesn¡¯t play the piano well. Neither she does.
ÂêÀö¸ÖÇÙµ¯µÄ²»ºÃ¡£Ëýȷʵµ¯µÃ²»ºÃ¡££¨±íʾ¶ÔÉÏÎÄÄÚÈݵÄÔÞͬ£¬Ç°¾äÊÇ·ñ¶¨¾ä£¬ÏÂÎÄÓÃneither¿ª Í·£¬Ö÷ν²»µ¹×°£©
4. And she won¡¯t be happy if she sees this mess.
£¨1£©±¾¾äÖÐifºóÃæµÄ²¿·ÖÊÇÕâ¸ö¾ä×ÓÖеÄÌõ¼þ×´Óï´Ó¾ä¡£ÔÚÒÔwhen£¬after£¬as soon asµÈÒýµ¼µÄʱ¼ä×´Óï´Ó¾äÒÔ¼°ÒÔif£¬unlessµÈÒýµ¼µÄÌõ¼þ×´Óï´Ó¾äÖУ¬Èç¹ûÖ÷¾äÊÇÒ»°ã½«À´Ê±£¬´Ó¾äÔòÓÃÒ»°ãÏÖÔÚʱ±í ½«À´¡£ÀýÈ磺
I¡¯ll tell her the good news when she comes back. µ±Ëý»ØÀ´µÄʱºò£¬ÎÒ½«°ÑÕâ¸öºÃÏûÏ¢¸æËßËý¡£If it doesn¡¯t rain, he will come here on time. Èç¹û²»ÏÂÓ꣬Ëû»á°´Ê±À´Õâ¶ùµÄ¡£ ³£¼ûµÄ¡°Ö÷½«´ÓÏÖ¡±ÓÐÒÔÏÂÈýÖÖÇé¿ö£º
1£© Ìõ¼þ×´Óï´Ó¾äµÄÖ÷¾äÊÇÒ»°ã½«À´Ê±£¬ÄÇô´Ó¾ä³£³£ÓÃÒ»°ãÏÖÔÚʱ¡£ÀýÈ磺
When I grow up, I¡¯ll be a nurse and look after patients. ÎÒ³¤´óºóÒªµ±Ò»Ãû»¤Ê¿£¬Õչ˲¡ÈË¡£ 2£© Èç¹ûÖ÷¾äÊÇÆíʹ¾ä£¬ÄÇô´Ó¾äͨ³£ÒªÓÃÒ»°ãÏÖÔÚʱ¡£ ÀýÈ磺
Don¡¯t laugh at me when I make a mistake. ÎÒ·¸´íÎóµÄʱºò²»ÒªÐ¦»°ÎÒ¡£
3£© Èç¹ûÖ÷¾äÊǺ¬ÓÐÇé̬¶¯´ÊµÄÒ»°ãÏÖÔÚʱ£¬¸ù¾ÝÐèÒª´Ó¾ä¶àÓÃÒ»°ãÏÖÔÚʱ¡£ÀýÈ磺 You should be quiet when you are in the reading room. ÔÚÔÄÀÀÊÒʱӦ±£³Ö°²¾²¡£
5. I do not understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home.
±¾¾äÖеÄmake×÷ʹÒÛ¶¯´Ê£¬ÒâΪ¡°Ê¹¡¡£»Èá¡¡±½²Ê±£¬³£¹¹³Émake sb. do sth. ÒâΪ¡°Ê¹/ÈÃijÈË×öijÊ¡±£¬ÀàËÆµÄ¶¯´Ê»¹ÓÐlet£¬haveµÈ¡£ÀýÈ磺
The boss made them work for long time. ÀϰåÈÃËûÃdz¤Ê±¼ä¹¤×÷¡£ They made us forget past. ËûÃÇʹÎÒÃÇÍü¼ÇÁ˹ýÈ¥¡£ Their boss often let them work long hours every day. ËûÃÇÀϰ徳£ÈÃËûÃÇÿÌ칤×÷ºÜ³¤Ê±¼ä¡£ ¡¾ÍØÕ¹¡¿
make×÷ʹÒÛ¶¯´Ê£¬»¹¿ÉÒÔ¹¹³É£ºmake + ±öÓï(sb./sth.) + ÐÎÈÝ´Ê/Ãû´Ê£¨×÷±ö²¹£©£¬¼´make sb. / sth. + adj./n.¡£ÀýÈ磺
What he said makes us happy. ËûËù˵µÄ»°Ê¹ÎÒÃǺܸßÐË¡£ We made John our monitor. ÎÒÃÇѡԼº²µ±°à³¤¡£
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A£© °´ÒªÇóת»»¾äÐÍ¡£
1. Could you help me clean the living room? (×÷¿Ï¶¨»Ø´ð) ________, ________.
2. Thanks for helping me with my homework. (¸ÄΪͬÒå¾ä) Thanks for ______ me _____________ my homework. 3. My brother hates cooking at home. (¶Ô»®Ïß²¿·ÖÌáÎÊ)
________ _______ your brother hate ________ at home? 4. Could I use your DVD player? ( ͬ Òå ¾ä ת »» ) Could I _______ the DVD player _______ you?