Goods available for sale 1800 18,940÷1800 ≈10.52 ② 18,940 ① 10.52×1,000=10,520 18,940－10,520 = 8,420 Cost of goods sold 1000 10.52 Ending inventory, May 30 800 [答疑编号811020103]

Moving average 移动平均法

First-in, First-out （FIFO） 先进先出法

unit Unit cost（$） Total cost（$） 5,000 8,400 3,300 2,240 18,940 Unit sold 500 800 200 out of 300 First 1500 units Beginning inventory, 500 10.00 May 1 Purchase, May 7 Purchase, May 20 Purchase, May 26 Goods available for sale 800 10.50 300 11.00 200 11.20 1800 Cost of goods sold 1500 Ending inventory, May 30 300 （500×$10.00）+（800×$10.50）+ （200×$11.00）=15,600 18,940－15,600=3,340 [答疑编号811020104] 5.期末存货的计量 ending inventory

Lower of cost or market rule （LCM rule） 成本与市场孰低法

Cost 成本 market value （fair value） 公允价值 carrying value账面成本

net realizable value可变现净值＝estimated sale price估计售价－related costs and tax估计销售费用和税金

* contract price合同价格 sales price销售价格 存货跌价准备的计提

Dr. management cost—Dr. management cost-loss on market price decline of inventories 资产减值损失 Cr. reserve for market price decline of inventories 存货跌价准备

Lecture example:

If the original cost of the inventory held by ABC company was US$2,000, and its estimated total sale price would be $2,100 and other expense for the sales would be $200. The net realizable value for those inventory: US$1,900=$2,100-$200

Dr. management cost-loss on market price decline of inventories 100

Cr. reserve for market price decline of inventories 100 [答疑编号811020105]

Lecture examples：

At the beginning of the year, Linda company held 1500 desk lamps costing RMB￥50.00 each. During the year it purchased an additional 500 lamps for RMB￥55.00 each. The company sold 1800 units.

You are required to compute the cost of goods sold and ending inventory and make the necessary journal entry for the business assuming FIFO method are use.

By the end of the year, it was reported that the market price of this type of lamp has declined to RMB￥52.00 each. You are also required to prepare the necessary journal entry on December 31 for the company.

[答疑编号811020106] ①inventory purchase

Dr：inventory 27500

Cr：bank deposit 27500（500*55）

②inventory sales （FIFO method will be used to calculate the CGS） cost of goods sold（CGS）=1500*50+300*55=91500 ending inventory=1500*50+500*55-91500=11000 Dr：bank deposit *** Cr.sales revenue *** Dr：cost of sales 91500 Cr. inventory--desk lamp 91500 ③reserve for market price decline of inventories net realizable value=200*52=10400

Dr: management cost-loss on market price decline of inventorie 600（11000-10400） Cr. reserve for market price decline of inventories 600

第三讲 固定资产

授课内容和教学目标：

该专题内容主要介绍常用的与固定资产有关的英文词汇、短语和经济业务描述。通过本章的教学使学生理解关于固定资产价值的计量、折旧等英文题目的理解，并进行常见的计算和会计处理。

1.Non-current assets

current: adj. 流通的；当前的 current assets 流动资产 current liabilities 短期负债 non-current：加否定前缀 non-current assets 固定资产 non-current liabilities 长期负债 e.g.Assets are usually divided into current assets and non-current assets on the balance sheet. 2.常见的固定资产

building建筑物 plant厂房 machinery机械 equipment设备 vehicles车辆 fixture固定设施 3.固定资产的初始计量 Acquisition cost购置成本

acquire v. 获得，取得 acquisition n.

e.g.Our company acquired a famous local hotel for $105,000 in October. Acquisition cost includes some other necessary costs. purchase price买价 transportation cost运费 installation cost安装费用 tax税金等 *historical cost：原始成本 Lecture example

e.g.ABC company purchased a piece of equipment with a list price（价目表价格）of RMB￥60,000 on January 1, 2008.The following cost was related to the equipment purchase:

fright cost of ￥1,000 were incurred; a pollution-control device was compulsively required to be installed at a cost of ￥2,500; loading and unloading fee of ￥800.please calculate the acquisition cost of the equipment. [答疑编号811030101] List price ￥60,000 freight costs 1,000

pollution-control 2,500

loading and unloading fee 800 total Acquisition Cost ￥64,300

fair value 公允价值 market value 市场价值 Lecture example

Edison company owns a chain of restaurants.On January 1, 2008, the company acquired a restaurant from its competitor for $40,000.The fair value of the assets was assessed as following: the building had a market value of $35,000, the equipments had the fair value of $10,000 and the fixtures of $5,000.

Q: what’s the acquisition cost of each asset? Prepare a journal entry to record the acquisition.

[答疑编号811030102]

Total acquisition cost: $40,000

Total fair value of the acquired assets: $35,000＋$10,000＋$5,000＝$50,000 Market Value Acquisition Cost

building 35,000 28,000 ＝40,000×（35,000÷50,000） equipment 10,000 8,000 ＝40,000×（10,000÷50,000） fixture 5,000 4,000 ＝40,000×（5,000÷50,000） 50,000 40,000 Dr.building 28,000 Dr.equipment 8,000 Dr.fixture 4,000

Cr.bank deposit 40,000

借：固定资产――建筑物 28,000 ――设备 8,000 ――固定设施 4,000 贷：银行存款 40,000 4.Depreciation折旧

depreciation n. 折旧，损耗（有些资产）amortization 摊销（无形资产） accumulated depreciation 累积折旧 depreciation expense 折旧费用 depreciate v. depreciable adj. · depreciation base折旧基数— historical cost of assets

* book value /carrying value 账目价值（＝historical cost – accumulated depreciation） · estimated residual value/ estimated salvage value预计净残值 estimated adj. 预计的，估计的→estimate v. 估计，判断，估价 residual adj. 残留的，剩余的

salvage n. 海上救助，海上打捞，从灾难中抢救出的财物，残留物，残余物 * depreciable amount ＝ depreciation base—estimated residual value · estimated useful life 预计使用年限（No.of years）/（No.of production units） useful life 使用寿命，使用年限 · 固定资产已提的减值准备 · methods:

a.straight-line method直线折旧法，平均年限法