?苯(kg/m3) 877.4 857.3 836.6 815.0 792.5 768.9 744.1 ?乙苯(kg/m3) 867.7 849.8 931.8 913.6 795.2 776.2 756.7 精馏段 塔顶M=78*0.99+106*0.01=78.28g/mol 进料口M=0.35*78+0.65*106=96.2g/mol 平均摩尔质量为M=87.24g/mol 平均温度t=93.27℃
用内差法求得?苯=800.0Kg/m3
?乙苯=835.0Kg/m3
?L=800*0.99+835*0.01=800.35Kg/m3
PM101.325?87.24 ??2.903Kg/m3
RT8.314??93.27?273??=VVS=
?R?1?DM=2.608m3VM=/s
3600?3600?VVLS?LMRDM=0.0054m3/s ?3600?3600?LLLs=FLV?V?sLV?0.00542.608800.35?0.03438 2.903不同塔径板的间距参考数据
塔径D/mm 板间距TH/mm
800~1200 300~500
1400~2400 400~700
2600`6600 450~800
选取板间距HT=0.45m,查smith关联图得C20=0.085
C????20.37??C20??=0.085???2020????0.20.2?0.0853
u=Cmax????LVV=1.41m/s 取泛点百分率为0.75
u?0.75umax=1.06m/s D?4Vs4?2.608??1.8m ?u3.14?1.05提馏段塔底M=0.98*106+0.02*78=105.44g/mol 平均摩尔质量M=100.8g/mol 平均温度t=120℃
??苯=768.9Kg/m3 ?乙苯=776.2Kg/m3
L=768.9*0.02+776.2*0.98=776.1Kg/m3
PM101.325?100.8??3.13Kg/m3 RT8.314??120?273??V=
VS=
?R?1?DM=2.79m3VM=/s
3600?3600?VVLS??RD?F?M=0.0206m3LM/s ?3600?3600?LLLFLV=s?V?sLV?0.02062.79776.2?0.116 3.13查smith关联图得C20=0.075
C????18.44??C20??=0.075???2020????0.20.2?0.0738
umax=C????LVV=1.16m/s 取泛点百分率为0.75
u?0.75umax=0.87m/s D?4Vs4?2.79??2.0m ?u3.14?0.87综上,取塔径为2m
5.2塔有效高度计算
精馏段有效高度h1=(9-1)*0.45=3.6m 提馏段有效高度h2=(11-1)*0.45=4.5m
进料板上方开一孔高为0.6m,每隔5快板开一0.5m高人孔 塔顶空间取1.1m,塔底空间取1.2m
整个精馏塔高度为Z=0.6+18*0.45+1.1+1.2=11m 5.3溢流装置
采用单溢流,弓形降液管,凹形受液盘,不设出口堰。 设溢流堰长lW=0.6D=1.2m,若选用平直堰 取降液管底部与塔板的间隙h0=0.03m 精馏段堰上液层高度 how???2.84?E??Lh?=0.0182m ??1000?lw?2323?Lh?2.84?提馏段堰上液层高度 how?1000?E????=0.0444m
?lw?由于在常压下操作,取堰高hw为0.05m 则精馏段液层高度hL=0.0682m 提馏段液层高度hL=0.0944m
降液管宽度和截面积 查图得
AfAT?0.053
Wd?0.11 D弓形降液管宽度Wd=0.11*1.2=0.13m
截面积Af=0.053?3.142?2?0.1664m2 45.4筛孔计算及排列 采用如图的正三角形叉排
取入口安定区宽度WS'=60mm,边缘区宽度Wc=35mm
222?1x?开孔区面积Aa?2?xR?x?Rsin??
?R?x?D2D2??Wd?WS????0.13?0.065??0.935、R??Wc??0.035?0.965 22220.935??2 Aa?2?0.935?0.9652?0.9352?0.9652?sin?1?2.9m?0.965??取筛孔孔径d0=5mm
用不锈钢做筛板,厚度δ取作2.0mm 孔心间距t0=3d0=15mm
?d0??=0.101 开孔率φ=0.907?????t0?2
6、流体力学计算 6.1气体通过塔板的压降