高考英语二轮复习训练题

专题限时检测（二十六） 任务型阅读（一）

(限时24分钟)

A

(2019·南通模拟)Life can be overwhelming (令人不知所措的). We want to do as much as we can, see the world, learn new things — and it can all get a bit too much. Sometimes we reach a point when we feel that we can no longer be interested in everything. We have to shut some of life out, and we don't like that. We are living under the false assumption that to know anything worthwhile takes years of study, so we might as well forget it.

But something inside us rebels. We still want to learn new things and make new things. They don't have to be big things. Coping with too big a challenge can be daunting (令人怯步的). The secret is to be a “micro-master” by perfecting lots and lots of small things — for a big payoff.

A micro-mastery is a self-contained unit of doing, complete in itself, but connected to a greater field. You can perfect that single thing and move on to bigger things. A micro-mastery is the way we learn as kids. You never absorb all the fundamentals straight away — you learn one cool thing, then another. Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has written about “flow” — a state in which time seems to be suspended because our involvement in what we're doing is so great. A micro-mastery, because it is repeatable without being repetitious, has all the elements that allow us to enter a flow state，which produces great contentment.

As we get older our default setting (默认设置) becomes “off” not “on”. We stop getting interested in new things because we haven't got enough time or energy. This is an excuse but who can blame us when we hear we need 10,000 hours to “master” something. Micro-mastery slices through all the excuses. You start with something so small and easy that it doesn't impact on your life except positively.

We envy the person who has a perfect French accent, who can roll a kayak, or compose a poem that isn't laughable, who can lay a brick wall that doesn't fall down. These are regarded as hard things to learn which mean a greater mastery of the field concerned. But with micro-mastery you start with the test piece and then — and only then — do you go back upstream to learn anything more about the new world.

Seeing the world in terms of micro-masteries makes anything seem possible. Fancy bookbinding? Yoga? Tap dancing or tank driving? All have their micro-masteries. It's very liberating — you no longer have to feel trapped in your day job. You will start, in a small way, to get your life back from the idea that the world seems to push on us that we should do just one thing all our lives.

?We are too (1)________ to accomplish everything we are An annoying situation interested in and sometimes have to make a trade-off. ?We take it for granted that anything worthwhile doesn't have an (2)________ payoff, so we might as well forget it. 高考英语二轮复习训练题

A practical approach Instead of accomplishing big things, the secret is to be a micro-master by starting (3)________. ?It is connected to a greater field. We can (4)________ upon small successes to achieve greatness. ?It enables us to have a good command of important things in a (5)________ way. Facts about a Micro-mastery ?It can help enter a flow state when we are (6)________ in what we are doing. ?For the adults who lack time and energy to try new things, it can have a (7)______ impact on their lives. ?Instead of envying the achievers, we can (8)________ the unknown world by starting with the test piece. ?A micro-mastery can help us to liberate our minds and Conclusion (9)________ our boundaries. ?For a satisfied life, be a (10)________ of small things. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种学习方法，从小事做起，然后慢慢积累，一步一步走向成功。

1．ambitious/greedy 根据第一段第二句“We want to do as much as we can, see the world, learn new things — and it can all get a bit too much.”可知，我们太过于贪心想要完成所有感兴趣的事情，但这往往是做不到的。

2．immediate/instant 根据第一段最后一句“We are living under the false assumption that to know anything worthwhile takes years of study ...”可知，我们有着错误的观念：习得一些值得的事物需要花费数年的学习时间。也就是说我们认为任何有价值的东西都不会立即得到回报。 3．small/humble 根据第二段最后一句“The secret is to be a ‘micro-master’ by perfecting lots and lots of small things — for a big payoff.”可知答案。

4．build/depend/rely/count/rest/base 根据第三段第二句“You can perfect that single thing and move on to bigger things.”可知，此处表示依靠于小的成功来达到大的成就。build/depend/rely/count/rest/base on/upon“建立在……的基础上”。

5．gradual/steady/slow 根据第三段第四句“You never absorb all the fundamentals straight away — you learn one cool thing, then another.”可知，你一件一件的学习，也就以一种平稳缓慢、循序渐进的方式。

6．involved/absorbed/buried/occupied/engaged 根据第三段最后一句可知，这种方式可以让我们埋头于事物的时候进入一种流动的状态。

高考英语二轮复习训练题

7．positive 根据第四段最后一句“You start with something so small and easy that it doesn't impact on your life except positively.”可知，你从一些小而容易的事情开始，它只会使你的生活变得更积极。

8．explore 根据第五段的内容，尤其是最后一句“... learn anything more about the new world.”可知，通过这种方式我们可以认识世界上更多的事物，也就是探索世界，而不是羡慕他人的成就。

9．extend/stretch/cross/break/push 根据第六段第六句“It's very liberating — you no longer have to feel trapped in your day job.”可知，这种方式可以解放你，让你不再感到被困在你的工作中，所以可以帮助我们解放思想，扩大我们的视野。

10．master/controller/commander 文章呼吁我们掌控小的事物最后完成大的成就，要做小事物的主人/掌控者。

B

(2019·扬州模拟)

The changes facing fast-food companies

Fast food was once thought to be recession (萧条) -proof. When consumers need to cut spending, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive. As a result, fast-food chains have survived the recession better than their more expensive competitors. In 2009 sales at full-service restaurants in America fell by more than 6%, but total sales remained about the same at fast-food chains. In some markets, such as Japan, France and Britain, total spending on fast food increased.

But in this ongoing recession, which is more severe, not all fast-food companies have been as fortunate. Many, such as Burger King, have seen sales fall. In the recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money. Smaller fast-food chains in America, such as Jack in the Box and Carl's Jr., have been hit particularly hard in this downturn because they cut back spending on advertising.

In face of such challenges, some fast-food companies have sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping to tempt more customers through the door. But in many cases that strategy doesn't work. Some companies are rethinking their strategies. KFC has launched a chicken sandwich that costs around D|S5 to attract consumers away from D|S1 specials.

Companies are also trying to get customers to buy new and more items, including drinks. McDonald's started selling better coffee as a challenge to Starbucks. Its “McCafe”line now accounts for an estimated 6% of sales in America. As fast-food companies shift from “super size” to “more buys”， they need to keep customer traffic high throughout the day. Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, and not just for fatty food. McDonald's has started selling porridge in America, because the profits can be high.

高考英语二轮复习训练题

But what about those growing waistlines? So far, fast-food firms have cleverly avoided government regulation. By providing options like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity (肥胖). These offerings don't necessarily lead to profit loss, as they can broaden the appeal of stores to groups of diners that include some people who don't want to eat a burger.

But calls for tougher government regulation never wear down. This year Congress passed America's health-reform bill, which requires restaurant chains with 20 or more stores to put the calorie-content of items they serve to the menu. And the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-calorie“Happy Meals”， because law makers believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests that fast-food companies will have to continue trying something new.

The changes facing fast-food companies

Better (1)________ of past recessions Challenges in this recession ·Many families eat at home (3)________ of eating out to save money. ·Smaller fast-food companies suffer more because of their (4)________ spending on advertising. ·Some companies choose to cut prices while others prefer food with (5)________ adopted by Companies (6)________ prices. ·New items are (7)________ to the menu to ·Cheaper fast food (2)________ to more customers in an economic decline. ·Fast-food sales remained the same or increased in different markets. fast-food keep customer traffic high and porridge is served because it's more (8)________． ·More (9)________ food is provided to avoid government regulation and to attract different customers. Future pressure 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了快餐公司在经济衰退中面临的挑战以及采取的策略，同时指出随着更严格的食品法的实施，快餐公司应变得更有创造性。

1．survivors/competitors/businesses/companies 根据第一段中的“As a result, fast-food chains have survived the recession better than their more expensive competitors.”可知，在大萧条时期快餐行业是较有优势的幸存者。survive 转化成survivors。故填survivors/competitors/

businesses/companies。

With stricter laws passed, fast-food companies need to be more (10)________. 2．appeals 根据第一段中的“When consumers need to cut spending, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive.” 可知，快餐的优势吸引着消费者，很受欢迎。attractive 转化成appeal to。