On the Subjectivity of the Translator 谢佑 芬 武汉 理工大 学
（申请文学硕士学位论文）
On the Subjectivity of the Translator 培养单位：外国语学院
学科专业：外国语言学及应用语言学 研 究 生：谢 佑 芬 指导老师：魏万德 教授 2004年4月
分类号 UDC 密 级 学校代码 10497
学 位 论 文
题 目 译者主体性研究 英 文
题 目 On the Subjectivity of the Translator 研究生姓名 谢 佑 芬 指导教师
姓名 魏 万 德 职称 教 授 单位名称 外国语学院 邮编 430070
申请学位级别硕士 学位 专业名称外国语言学及应用语
言学
论文提交日期 2004年4月 论 文答辩日期 学位授予单位 武汉理工大学 学位授予日期 答辩委员会主席 评阅人
2004年4月
中 文 摘 要
译者是翻译的主体，也是民族文化建构的重要参与者，然而翻译主体在中国文化多元系统中长期遭到了遮蔽，出现了译者文化地位边缘化的现象。随着翻译研究的“文化转向”， 翻译主体研究得到应有的重视，译者的特殊文化身份和翻译主体地位逐渐突显了出来。
在前人研究的基础上，本文分析了中国文化语境下译者边缘化文化地位的根源， 并对翻译研究中的文化转向进行了回顾，结合目前译者研究现状进而提出了译者主体性研究的问题。
本文澄清了关于翻译主体的两种不同理解，探讨了译者主体性的内涵，指出译者的主体性是指作为翻译主体的译者在尊重翻译对象的前提下，为实现翻译目的而在翻译活动中表现出的主观能动性。同时，本文还进一步分析了译者主体性的三个特征：译者的目的性、译者的受动性 以及译者的创造性，从而深入了对于译者主体性内涵的理解。此外，本文还结合阐释学、文化翻译理论、读者反应论、互文理论以及主体间性理论，从翻译的过程、译者的译入语文化意识和读者意识、译作与原作以及译作与译入语文学的互文关系、译者与原作者和读者的主体间性关系四个方面探讨了译者主体性的具体表现，以期深化译者主体性的研究。通过对译者主体性的内涵、特征及表现的探讨，本文最后提出在翻译活动中译者既要有创造意识又要有自我克制意识，同时指出要进一步理解翻译批评的标准和原则，以促使翻译实践和翻译研究的更加深入发展。
关键词：译者, 翻译主体, 译者主体性, 创造性
Abstract
The translator is the subject of translation and an important participant in the construction of a national culture. But the subjectivity of the translator has long been obscured, which results in the marginalized cultural status of the translator. With the “cultural turn” in translation studies, proper and increasing attention has been paid to the cultural identity and subject status of the translator.
The present paper, based on a survey of the previous studies on translation, and of the retrospect of the “cultural turn” in translation, addresses the subjectivity of the translator and explores the connotation, characteristics and manifestation of the subjectivity of the translator in an attempt to further the research on translational subjectivity.
In chapter Ⅱ, a tentative effort is made to explain the connotation of the translator’s subjectivity. Then the characteristics of the translator’s subjectivity are elaborated from three aspects to further explain the connotation: Every translator has his own subjective intention in the purposeful activity----translation. But the subjectivity of the translator is not arbitrary, which must be restricted by all kinds of subjective and objective factors. The translator must give full play to his creativity so as to achieve the translation ends. Furthermore, in light of several theories such as Hermeneutics, Cultural Translation theory, reader’s response theory, intertextuality theory and inter-subjectivity theory, the subjectivity of the translator is further explored through analyzing its manifestation in the translation process, in the translator’s consciousness of the target language culture and readers, in the intertextual relationship between the target text and the source text, the target text and the target literature, and in the inter-subjectivity of translation between the translator, the author and the reader.
At the end of this paper, the author puts forward two suggestions: that the translators’ consciousness of creativity shall be integrated with their self-restraint; that translation criteria and principles shall be further understood in hope of promoting the development of translation practice and studies.
Key Words: translator, the subject of translation,
subjectivity of the translator, creativity