µÚÈýÕ DDS¹¤×÷ÔÀí
fc £¨3-8£© 2NÈôÒÔ M µãΪ²½³¤£¬²úÉúµÄÐźÅƵÂÊÔòΪ£º
fc £¨3-9£© fout?M?N2fout?Ïàλ¼Ä´æÆ÷ÿ¾¹ý M N / 2 ¸öfcʱÖÓºó»Øµ½ÔÀ´¿ªÊ¼µÄ״̬£¬¶ÔÓ¦µØÕýÏÒ²éѯ±íÒ²¾¹ýÒ»¸öÂֻطµ»Øµ½ÔÀ´¿ªÊ¼µÄλÖã¬Õû¸ö DDS µç·ϵͳ¾Í¿ÉÒÔÊä³öÒ»¸öÕýÏÒ²¨¡£Êä³öÕýÏÒ²¨ÖÜÆÚΪ£º
Tc?2NT0? £¨3-10£©
MƵÂÊΪ£º
fout?M?fc £¨3-11£© 2NDDSƵÂʵÄ×îС·Ö±æÂÊ£¨ÓÃƵÂÊÔöÁ¿À´±íʾ£©Îª
fc £¨3-12£© ?fmin?N2Õâ¸öÔöÁ¿Ò²¾ÍÊÇ×îµÍµÄºÏ³ÉƵÂÊ¡£×î¸ßµÄºÏ³ÉƵÂÊÊÜÄοü˹ÌسéÑù¶¨ÀíµÄÏÞÖÆ£¬ËùÒÔÓÐ
f0MAX?fc £¨3-13£© 2Óë PLL ²»Í¬£¬DDS µÄÊä³öƵÂÊ¿ÉÒÔ˲ʱµØ¸Ä±ä£¬¼´¿ÉÒÔʵÏÖÌøƵ£¬ÕâÊÇ DDS µÄÒ»¸öÍ»³öÓŵ㡣
³£ÓõĿɱà³ÌDDS µÄ½á¹¹Í¼Èçͼ3.3Ëùʾ£º
ͼ3.3 ³£Óÿɱà³ÌDDS½á¹¹Í¼
ÔÚͼ3.3ÖУ¬DDS µç·ϵͳµÄ¹Ø¼üÊÇÏàλÀÛ¼ÓÆ÷£¬ËüÓÉÒ»¸öN λÏàλ¼Ä´æÆ÷ºÍÁ½¸ö¼Ó·¨Æ÷¦²Ëù¹¹³É£¬Ïàλ¼Ä´æÆ÷µÄN ֵͨ³£È¡24¡«32 λ¡£Ã¿À´Ò»¸öʱÖÓfc£¬Ïàλ¼Ä´æÆ÷Ôö¼ÓÒ»¸ö²½³¤M¡£Ïàλ¼Ä´æÆ÷µÄÊä³öÓë΢¿ØÖÆÆ÷ËÍÀ´µÄÏàλ¿ØÖÆ×ÖÏà¼Ó£¬ÐγÉÕýÏÒ²éѯ±íµØÖ·Âë¡£ÕýÏÒ²éѯ±íÓÉÒ»¸öÖÜÆÚÕýÏÒ²¨µÄ·ù¶ÈÖµ¹¹³É£¬ÕýÏÒ²¨ÖÐ0¡«
- 21 -
µÚÈýÕ DDS¹¤×÷ÔÀí
360¡ãµÄÿһ¸öÏàλµãÔÚÕýÏÒ²éѯ±í¶¼¶ÔÓ¦×ÅÒ»¸öµØÖ·¡£ÕýÏÒ²éѯ±í¸ù¾ÝÊäÈëµÄµØÖ·Âë²é±íÊä³ö¶ÔÓ¦µÄÕýÏÒ²¨·ù¶ÈÐźţ¬¾¹ýDACµÄת»»£¬Êä³öÄ£ÄâÁ¿¡£Ïàλ¼Ä´æÆ÷ÿ¾¹ýM N / 2¸öfc ʱÖӺ󷵻ص½ÔÀ´¿ªÊ¼µÄ״̬£¬¶ÔÓ¦µØÕýÏÒ²éѯ±íÒ²¾¹ýÒ»¸öÂֻطµ»Øµ½ÔÀ´¿ªÊ¼µÄλÖá£Õû¸ö DDS µç·ϵͳ¾Í¿ÉÒÔÊä³öÒ»¸öÕýÏÒ²¨¡£
3.4 DDSÊä³öÌØÐÔ
DDSÊÇÒ»ÖÖÈ«Êý×Öµç·ϵͳ£¬ÆäȱÏÝÖ®Ò»¾ÍÊÇÔÓÉ¢¶à£¬Õâ¸öÒòËØÊdz¤ÆÚÒÔÀ´DDS¼¼ÊõµÃ²»µ½Êµ¼ÊÓ¦ÓõÄÖ÷ÒªÔÒòÖ®Ò»¡£¶ÔDDSÊä³öÌØÐԵķÖÎö³ÉΪ»ñµÃµÍÔÓÉ¢Êä³öÐźŵıØÒªÌõ¼þ¡£´ÓÑо¿DDSµÄƵÆ×ÌØÐÔ×ÅÊÖ£¬ÊÇÑо¿·ÖÎöDDSÊä³öÌØÐÔµÄÒ»ÖֱȽϺõķ½·¨[16]¡£
3.4.1 ÀíÏëÇé¿öÏÂDDSµÄƵÆ×ÌØÐÔ
ËùνÀíÏëÇé¿ö¾ÍÊǼÙÉèµÍͨÂ˲¨Æ÷ºÍÊýģת»»Æ÷£¨D/A£©µÄÌØÐÔÊÇÀíÏ뻯µÄÌØÐÔ£¬Í¬Ê±²»¿¼ÂÇ·ù¶ÈÁ¿»¯Îó²îºÍÏàλ½Ø¶ÏÎó²î£¬¼´DDSϵͳͬʱ·ûºÏÏÂÃæÈý¸öÌõ¼þ£º £¨1£©Êýģת»»Æ÷·Ö±æÂʵÄÖµÎÞÇîС£¬²¢ÇÒ¾ßÓÐÀíÏëµÄת»»ÌØÐÔÏàλ£» £¨2£©ÏàλÀÛ¼ÓÆ÷µÄÊä³öÍêÈ«×÷Ϊ²¨Ðδ洢Æ÷µÄµØÖ·Â룻 £¨3£©²¨Ðδ洢Æ÷´æ´¢µÄ²¨Ðηù¶ÈֵûÓÐÁ¿»¯Îó²î¡£
¼Ù¶¨ÏàλÀÛ¼ÓÆ÷Êä³öµÄÏàλÐòÁÐΪ?(n)£¬ËüÊÇÒ»¸öÖÜÆÚÐòÁУ¬ËüµÄÖÜÆÚÊÇ£º
2Nmk? (3-14)
GCD(2N,K)ÉÏʽÖУ¬GCD(a,b)ÊÇaºÍbµÄ×î´ó¹«Ô¼Êý¡£
Èç¹û²¨Ðδ洢Æ÷Êä³öµÄ·ù¶ÈÐòÁÐÊÇS(n)£¬Õâ¸ö·ù¶ÈÐòÁÐÊÇÏàλÀÛ¼ÓÆ÷µÄÊä³öÑ°Ö·µÃµ½µÄ£¬ÄÇôS(n)µÄÖÜÆÚÒ²ÊÇmk£¬¼ÙÉèÖؽ¨ÐźÅΪÓàÏÒÐźţ¬S(n)¿É±íʾΪ£º
2?S(n)?cos(NK?n) (3-15)
2S(n)¾¹ýDACת»»ºóΪÓàÏÒ²¨½×Ìݲ¨£¬ÓÃS(t)À´±íʾ£¬ÄÇôS(t)µÄÖÜÆÚΪT?mk?Tc£¬Æä
ÖÐTc ÊÇDDSϵͳµÄ²Î¿¼Ê±ÖÓÖÜÆÚ¡£
ÓøµÁ¢Ò¶¼¶ÊýÕ¹¿ªS(t)£¬¼ÙÉèÆ丵Á¢Ò¶Õ¹¿ªÊ½Îª£º
S(t)?m????C?m?ejm?t (3-16)
ÉÏʽÖÐ ??2?T?2?mk?Tc ¡£
ÓÉÓÚS(t)ÔÚÒ»¸öÖÜÆÚÄÚ¿ÉÒÔ±íʾΪ£º
- 22 -
µÚÈýÕ DDS¹¤×÷ÔÀí
mk?1n?0S(t)??cos(2?K?n)??(nTc) (3-17) 2NÆäÖÐ?(nTC)?u(t?nTc)?u?t?(n?1)Tc?£¬u(t)Ϊµ¥Î»½×Ô¾º¯Êý¡£
ËùÒÔÓÐ
Cm?1T?jm?tS(t)?edt ?0T(n?1)Tc1mk?1?2?????cos(NK?n)??e?jm?tdt? (3-18)
nTcTn?0?2?ÆäÖÐ
?(n?1)TcTce?jm?t?Tc2?jm?nTc?jmmdt?e?e2?sin(?Tc) (3-19)
m?22?2??jNKn?2?1?j2NKncos(NK?n)??e?e2??? (3-20) 22?? ½«Ê½£¨3-19£©¼°Ê½£¨3-20£©´úÈëʽ£¨3-17£©£¬¸ù¾ÝÏÂÃæµÄµÈʽ£º
mk?1n?0?ej2?nqmk?mk000000q?i?mk,i?0,?1,?2,...??? (3-21) ?00000000ÆäÓàq? ¿ÉÒԵõ½ÏÂʽ£º
??1?jmmm?ek?sinc()0000m?i?mk?pk,i?0,?1,?2,... (3-22) Cm??2mk??000000000000000000ÆäÓàmÆäÖÐpk?Ksin(?x)m,sinc(x)?¡£ k2N?x ´Óʽ(3-16)¿ÉÒÔµÃÖªS(t)Õ¹³É¸µÁ¢Ò¶¼¶Êýºó£¬µÚm¸ùÆ×ÏßµÄƵÂÊֵΪ£º
fm?m?m??fc (3-23) 2?mk ͬʱ¸ù¾Ýʽ(3-22)£¬Ö»Óе±m?i?mk?pk£¬ÄÇôÆä¶ÔÓ¦µÄÆ×Ïß·ùÖµ²Å²»ÎªÁ㣬ËùÒÔ¿ÉÒԵõ½ÏÂʽ£º
fm?fc?(i? µÚm¸ùÆ×ÏߵķùֵΪ£º
K)?i?fc?fo0000i?0,?1,?2,... (3-24) N2- 23 -
µÚÈýÕ DDS¹¤×÷ÔÀí
Cm?1m1Ksinc()?sinc(i?N) (3-25) 2mk22 ËùÒÔÔÚDDSϵͳÖУ¬DACÊä³öÐźŵĸµÁ¢Ò¶Õ¹¿ªÊ½ÊÇ£º
j?2?(i?fc?fo)t??(i?N)?1?K2? (3-26) S(t)??sinc(i?N)?e?2i???2?K? ¸ù¾Ýʽ(3-25)ºÍʽ(3-26)£¬DACµÄÊä³öÐźÅƵÆ×ÖгýÁËÖ÷ƵfoÍ⣬»¹Óзֲ¼ÔÚ
fc,2fc,...µÈƵÂÊÁ½±ß?fo´¦µÄ·Çг²¨·ÖÁ¿£¬ËüÃǵķùÖµ°üÂçÊÇÒ»¸ösincº¯Êý£¬Èçͼ3.4
Ëùʾ¡£
ÔÚͼ3.4ÖпÉÒÔ¿´³ö£¬µ±foÇ÷½üfc/2ʱ£¬·Çг²¨·ÖÁ¿fc?foÒ²Ç÷½üfc/2,¶øÇÒËüÃǵķù¶ÈÖµÇ÷½üÏàͬ£¬Õâ¸öʱºò£¬ÒªÉè¼Æ³öÄÜÂ˳ýfc?fo·ÖÁ¿µÄLPFÊǷdz£À§Äѵģ¬ÕâÒ²ÊÇDDSϵͳ×î´óÊä³öƵÂʲ»È¡fc/2¶øÈ¡0.4fcµÄÔÒò¡£ÒòΪʵ¼ÊµÄLPFÌØÐÔ²»¿ÉÄÜÊDZÊÖ±¶¸Ç͵ģ¬×ÜÊÇ»áÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄ¹ý¶É´ø£¬ÔÚÈ·¶¨DDSϵͳ×î´óÊä³öƵÂÊʱ£¬¾ÍÒªÁôÓÐÓàÁ¿¡£ÎªÁËÈ¡³ö¸É¾»µÄÖ÷ƵfoµÄÊä³öÐźţ¬ÎÒÃÇÒ»°ãÔÚDACÊä³ö¶Ë½ÓÈë½ØֹƵÂÊΪfc/2µÄLPFÀ´·ÀÖ¹ÔÓÉ¢ÐźŵĻìÈë¡£
CmfcÄιç˹ÌزÉÑù´ø¿í2Ofofc?fofcfc?fo2fc2fc?fo2fc?fo3fc3fc?fof
ͼ3.4 ÀíÏëÇé¿öÏÂDDSµÄÊä³öƵÆ×ÌØÐÔ
3.4.2 ·ÇÀíÏëÇé¿öÏÂDDSµÄƵÆ×ÌØÐÔ
DDSµÄ¹¤³Ìʵ¼ÊÓ¦ÓÃÖУ¬ËüµÄÊä³öÐźÅƵÆ×Ëù°üº¬µÄÔÓÉ¢²¿·Ö²»½ö·Ö²¼Í¼ÔÚijЩƵÂʵ㣨Èçͼ3.4Ëùʾ£©£¬ÓÐʱ»¹»á·Ö²¼ÔÚÕû¸öƵÂÊ·¶Î§ÄÚ¡£ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬ÓÉÓÚÏàλÀÛ¼ÓÆ÷µÄλÊýNÓ벨Ðδ洢Æ÷µÄµØÖ·ÏߵĿí¶ÈAͨ³£ÊDz»Í¬µÄ£¬ÔÚÕý³£Çé¿öÏ£¬N£¾A£¬ÕâÑù¾ÍÒýÈëÁËÒ»¸öÏàλ½Ø¶ÏÎó²î¡£ÁíÍ⣬ÓÉÓÚÔÚÓÐÏÞ×Ö³¤µÄ²¨Ðδ洢Æ÷ÖУ¬´æ´¢µÄ²¨Ðηù¶ÈÁ¿»¯Êý¾ÝÒ²²»ÊÇÎÞÏÞµÄ×Ö³¤£¬Õ⽫²»¿É±ÜÃâµØ´øÀ´·ù¶ÈÁ¿»¯Îó²î¡£ËùÒÔÔÚDDSϵͳµÄʵ¼ÊƵÆ×·ÖÎöÖУ¬ÕâÁ½¸öÒòËض¼±ØÐëÓèÒÔ¿¼ÂÇ¡£ÁíÍ⣬ÓÉÓÚDACµÄ·ÇÏßÐÔºÍLPFµÄ·ÇÀíÏëÌØÐÔ£¬DDSµÄÊä³öƵÆ×Ò²½«Êܵ½Ó°Ïì¡£DDSÔÓÉ¢ÐźÅÒýÈëµÄÊýѧģÐÍÈçͼ3.5Ëùʾ¡£
- 24 -