专题三 推理判断

挖命题 【考情探究】

五年考频统计 考点 内容 主要考查考生理清上下文逻辑关系的能力以及考生的识别能力。要求考生在理解原文字面意义的基础上,推理判断 通过对细节的理解和语篇逻辑关系的分析,做出一定的推理和判断,从而挖掘出文章的深层意义和隐含意义。 分析解读 1.细节推断题考查的内容虽然也属于原文细节,但它要求考生在原文的基础上对文章信息进行分析、理解。2.写作意图推断题要求考生在理解文章主旨的基础上明白作者的言外之意,推断作者的写作意图、目的。3.推测文章来源题或者推测写作对象题要求考生本身具备一定的常识,要对报纸、杂志、网络、小说、广告、说明书、旅游指南、操作指南等的特点有基本的了解,这样才能根据文章的特点对号入座,选出最佳答案。4.观点态度题主要考查对文章中作者态度的辨别。要学会根据作者使用的词语的褒贬性去判断作者的态度。

近五年天津高考对推理判断题的考查比重在阅读理解题总量的2/5左右;考查形式以细节推断题和逻辑推断题为主,偶尔考查目的、意图推断题和观点态度题。 过专题 【五年高考】

A组 自主命题·天津卷题组 Passage1(2018天津夏,B)词数:407

WhenIwas17,IreadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledtheMcNay,oncethehomeofawatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay.Shehadrequestedthecommunitytoturnitintoamuseumuponherdeath.OnasunnySaturday,SallyandIdroveovertothemuseum.Sheasked,

“Doyouhavetheaddress?”“No,butIllrecognizeit,therewasapictureinthemagazine.”

“Oh,stop.Thereitis!”

Themuseumwasfree.Weentered,excited.Agroupofpeoplesittinginthehallstoppedtalkingandstaredatus.

“MayIhelpyou?”amanasked.“No,”Isaid.“We??efine.”Tourguidesgotonmynerv

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2014 2015 2016 2017春 2017夏 2018春 2018夏 天津卷 天津卷 天津卷 天津卷 天津卷 天津卷 天津卷 9 9 7 5 7 6 9 es.Whatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren",tthatinterestedin?Sallyhadgoneupstairs.Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy(爱窥探

的),keepingtheireyesonmewithcuriosity.Whatwastheirproblem?Isawsomenicesculpturesinoneroom.SuddenlyIsensedamanstandingbehindme.“Wheredoyouthinkyouare?”heasked.Iturnedsharply.“TheMcNayArtMuseum!”Hesmiled,shakinghishead.“Sorry,theMcNayisonNewBraunfelsStreet.”“What??thisplace?”Iasked,stillconfused.“Well,itsourhome.”Myheartjolted(震

颤).Iracedtothestaircaseandcalledout,“Sally!Comedownimmediately!”

“Theressomereallygoodstuff(艺术作

品)upthere.”Shesteppeddown,lookingconfused.Ipushedhertowardthefrontdoor,wavingatthefamily,saying,“Sorry,pleaseforgiveus,youhaveareallyniceplace.”Outside,whenItoldSallywhathappened,shecoveredhermouth,laughing.Shecouldn",tbelievehowlongtheyletuslookaroundwithoutsayinganything.

TherealMcNaywassplendid,butwefeltnervousthewholetimewewerethere.VanGogh,Picasso.Thistime,westayedtogether,incaseanythingelseunusualhappened.

Thirtyyearslater,awomanapproachedmeinapublicplace.

“Excuseme,didyoueverenteraresidence,longago,thinkingitwastheMcNayMuseum?” “Yes.Buthowdoyouknow?Wenevertoldanyone.”

“Thatwasmyhome.Iwasateenagersittinginthehall.Beforeyoucameover,IneverrealizedwhatabeautifulplaceIlivedin.Ineverfeltluckybefore.Youthoughtitwasamuseum.Myfeelingsaboutmyhomechangedafterthat.I??ealwayswantedtothankyou.” 1.WhatdoweknowaboutMarianMcNay? A.Shewasapainter. B.Shewasacommunityleader. C.Shewasamuseumdirector. D.Shewasajournalist.

2.Whydidtheauthorrefusethehelpfromthemaninthehouse? A.Shedislikedpeoplewhowerenosy. B.Shefeltnervouswhentalkingtostrangers. C.Sheknewmoreaboutartthantheman. D.Shemistookhimforatourguide.

3.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutbeingstaredatbythepeopleinthehall? A.Puzzled. B.Concerned. C.Frightened. D.Delighted.

4.WhydidtheauthordescribetherealMcNaymuseuminjustafewwords? A.Therealmuseumlackedenoughartworktointeresther. B.Shewastooupsettospendmuchtimeattherealmuseum. C.TheMcNaywasdisappointingcomparedwiththehouse. D.Theeventhappeninginthehousewasmoresignificant.

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5.Whatcouldwelearnfromthelastparagraph? A.Peopleshouldhavegoodtastetoenjoylife. B.Peopleshouldspendmoretimewiththeirfamily. C.Peopletendtobeblindtothebeautyaroundthem. D.Peopletendtoeducateteenagersatamuseum. 答案 1.A 2.D 3.A 4.D 5.C

Passage2(2018天津夏,D)词数:367

Giveyourselfatest.Whichwayisthewindblowing?Howmanykindsofwildflowerscanbeseenfromyourfrontdoor?Ifyourawarenessisassharpasitcouldbe,you",llhavenotroubleansweringthesequestions.

Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.Achild",sdayisfilledwithfascination,newnessandwonder.Curiositygaveusallanaturalawareness.Butdistinctionsthatweresharptousaschildrenbecomeunclear;wearenumb(麻木的)tonewstimulation(刺激),newideas.Relearningtheartofseeingtheworldaroundusisquitesimple,althoughittakespracticeandrequiresbreakingsomebadhabits.

Thefirststepinawakeningsensesistostoppredictingwhatwearegoingtoseeandfeelbeforeitoccurs.Thisblocksawareness.OnechillynightwhenIwashikingintheRockyMountainswithsomestudents,Imentionedthatweweregoingtocrossamountainstream.Thestudentsbegancomplainingabouthowcolditwouldbe.Wereachedthestream,andtheyunwillinglywalkedahead.Theywerealmostknee-deepwhentheyrealizeditwasahotspring.Latertheyalladmittedthey",dfeltcoldwateratfirst.

Anotherblocktoawarenessistheobsession(痴

迷)manyofushavewithnamingthings.Isawbirdwatcherswhospottedabird,immediatelylookeditupinfieldguides,andsaid,a

“ruby-crownedkinglet”andcheckeditoff.Theynolongerpaidattentiontothebirdandneverlearnedwhatitwasdoing.

Thepressuresof

“time”and“destination”arefurtherblockstoawareness.Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadistantcamp-groundwithjustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark.Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhat",saroundthem.Iaskedthemwhatthey??seen. “Oh,afewbirds,”theysaid.Theyseemedbentontheirdestinations.

Natureseemstounfoldtopeoplewhowatchandwait.Nexttimeyoutakeawalk,nomatterwhereitis,takeinallthesights,soundsandsensations.Wanderinthisframeofmindandyouwillopenanewdimensiontoyourlife.

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1.AccordingtoParagraph2,comparedwithadults,childrenaremore . A.anxioustodowonders

B.sensitivetoothers",feelings C.likelytodevelopunpleasanthabits D.eagertoexploretheworldaroundthem 2.WhatideadoestheauthorconveyinParagraph3? A.Toavoidjumpingtoconclusions. B.Tostopcomplainingallthetime. C.Tofollowtheteacher",sadvice. D.Toadmitmistakeshonestly.

3.Thebirdwatchers",behaviorshowsthatthey . A.areverypatientintheirobservation B.arereallyfascinatedbynature C.careonlyaboutthenamesofbirds D.questiontheaccuracyofthefieldguides

4.Whydothehikerstakenonoticeofthesurroundingsduringthejourney? A.Thenaturalbeautyisn",tattractivetothem. B.Theyfocusonarrivingatthecampintime. C.Theforestinthedarkisdangerousforthem. D.Theyarekeentoseerarebirdsatthedestination.

5.Inthepassage,theauthorintendstotellusweshould . A.filloursensestofeelthewondersoftheworld B.getridofsomebadhabitsinourdailylife C.openourmindtonewthingsandideas D.tryourbesttoprotectnature 答案 1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A

Passage3(2018天津春,B)词数:385

Withasatisfiedsmile,KeishafinishedthelastsentenceofherEnglishessayaboutoneofherheroes,RosaParks,animportantfigureintheCivilRightsMovement.

“Keisha,” hermothershoutedfromdownstairs. “It??almost4:15.” “Dontworry.Iwon??belate.”

Keishapulleddownastorybookfromherbookshelf,asshealwaysreadtothenursinghome",sresidents.Andonanimpulse(一时心血来潮),sheaddedherEnglishnotebookaswell.

AsKeishacamerunninginthedoor,themanagertoldher,

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