Standard pallet （1000mm X 1200mm ） 标准托盘
A 20?can hold 11 Europallets in 1 tier or 9-10 standard pallets A 40?can hold 23-24 Europallets in 1 tier or 20-21 standard ones
Wooden pallets must be strong enough to allow storage of 3 tiers when loaded. Carton boxes must not overhang the edges of the pallets.
Boxes which utilize less than 90% of the pallets surface and do not align with the pallet edge can shift in transit.
One-Way Lease that covers the outbound voyage only，after which the container is returned to the lease holder at or near destination 单程租箱
Dunnage Lumber or other material used to brace material in carrier?s equipment 垫料 Slip Sheet 活动隔板
Normal / Chemical wash 清洗/化学清洗
Detention Charges raised for detaining container at Customer?s premises for longer period than provided in Tariff 空箱滞箱费 Demurrage 重箱滞箱费
10. L/C Terms 信用证术语
L/C Letter of Credit 信用证
L/C is a reliable and safe method of payment, facilitating trade with unknown buyers and giving protection to both sellers and buyers. 为跟不了解的买方做贸易，采用信用证结汇十分方便，可以保护 买卖双方利益
1. The issuance of a L/C starts with the buyer who instructs his bank to open a credit ( issue an L/C ) in favor of the seller for the amount of the purchase.
先由买方指示其银行开信用证，收款方开卖方
2. The buyer?s bank ( opening bank ) sends the L/C to its correspondent in the seller?s country, giving instructions about the amount of the credit, the beneficiary, the currency, the documents required and other special instructions.
买方银行（开证行）将信用证开到其在卖方国家相应的议付行， 指示信用证金额，受益方，币种，所需的单据文件以及其它 特殊要求
3. Upon receipt of the L/C, the correspondent advises the seller of the same immediately.
议付行收悉信用证后应随即如实通知卖方
4. The seller deals with the correspondent bank and prepares for the shipment of the buyer?s order.
卖方与议付行接洽后即准备出运买方的定单货载
5. After shipment, the seller presents the relative shipment documents to the bank, which should be clearly marked with
?On board MV xxx? together with a bill of exchange (汇票) drawn on the opening bank.
货载出运后，卖方将相关的盖有?On Board MVxxx?字样的 货载单证连同带有开证行抬头的汇票一并交议付行
6. The correspondent bank pays the money to the seller when documents presented are found to be in order.
议付行经验证卖方单据完整无误后即向卖方结汇
7. The correspondent bank then sends all the shipping documents to the buyer?s bank, which, in turn, passes them to the buyer, who finally reimburses the correspondent bank through the buyer?s bank. 议付行然后将所有的货载单据转给买方银行，买方银行再转交给 买方；买方最终通过买方银行向议付行支付
to meet the applicable L/C requirements 以满足信用证要求 L/G Letter of Guarantee 银行保函 L/I Letter of Indemnity 赔偿保证书
Opening （Issuing）Bank at importers place 开（信用）证行 Advising （Notifying）Bank at exporters place 通知行 Paying （Drawee）Bank at exporters place 付款行
Negotiating Bank A bank named in the credit；examines the documents and certifies to the issuing bank that the terms are complied with。 议付行
11．Survey,Claim,Insurance-Related Terms 检验，索赔，保险相关术语
Invoicing 开发票
T/T Telegraphic Transfer 电汇 A/C Account 帐户 Appreciate 升值 Depreciate 贬值 Ditto/Do 同上
Credit Note 贷方通知单 Debit Note 借方通知单
Financial Responsibilities 财务责任 Capital Budget 资金预算 Cash Flow 流动资金
Balance Sheet 资产负债表
Statement of Account 对帐单 Amount Receivable 应收款 Account Payable 应付款
Accounting Dept。 财务处/会计科 CUR Currency 货币
PRO FORMA INVOICE An invoice composed in lieu of original invoice (代发票) Consular Invoice 领事发票 Documentary Credit 单证信誉
ALL RISKS （War，Strike，Riot，Mob not included） 全险（综合险） POLICY 保单
Insurance Premium 保费
We usually effect insurance for 110% of invoice value. （货运险）按发票金额的110%投保
The insurance value is calculated as : 投保金额计算方法 Costs of goods + amount of freight + insurance premium + a percentage of profit on the sale of goods the extra premium 其它险种保费 VOYAGE POLICY 航次保单 THE HAGUE RULES 海牙规则 Less risk of damage 受损风险小 Case 案例
Complaint 投诉
Justified / unjustified complaint 合理/不合理投诉 Dispute 争议 Surveyor 检验师
Cargo Surveyor 商检员/师 Surveyors Report 检验报告
Be （not）liable for the damage （不）对货损负责
The damage was obviously attributed to defective packing。 显然是因包装而造成货损
Endorse 背书
Liquidated Damage 违约赔偿金 Claim 索赔
Claimant 提赔方（人）
Irrespective of the result 不论结果如何 Within time limit 在规定期限内 Penalty 处罚 High fines 重罚
To be found short （missing/damaged） 短缺（灭失/受损） Final settlement of a claim 最终结案 Financial capabilities 财力
Payment will be made by 8 quarterly installments 每季度付一次，8期付清 though the grand total was correct 虽说总计数没错 Confidential 保密
IMO International Maritime Organization 国际海事组织
IMDG Code International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code The IMO recommendations for the carriage of
dangerous goods by sea 国际海事组织危险品编码
Incoterms a set of uniform rules codifying the interpretation of trade terms defining the rights and obligation of both buyer and seller 国际贸易术语解释通则
To recognize the validity of the comments 注意到这些说法的合理性
ECU European Currency Units。A financial unit used for EC accounting 欧元单位
12． FMC-related Terms FMC相关术语
?The United States government takes the position that all practices related to cargo moving via CHINA SHIPPING to or from the United States are subject to the rules of the United States government, even though the practice occurs in China or in some other place outside The United States, and even though the Merchant or agent never goes to the United States.?
“美国政府的政策定位是凡?中海?承运的美国进出口货物的运作均应受控于 美国政府有关政策规定，即使此类运作仅发生在中国或在美国以外的国家或 地方；抑或发货人或其代理从来就没有到过美国。”
FMC Federal Maritime Commission 美国联邦海事委员会 Enforcement Bureau FMC的执行局 Coast Guard 美国海上警卫队
CBP Customs and Border Protection 美国海关边防总署 ICB International Carrier Bond 国际承运人保证金 TIB Temporary Importation Bond 临时进口保证金 For shipments entering the U.S. on temporary basis Surety 担保 （保证金）
ATFI Automated Tariff Filing and Information System 自动费率报备系统 TARIFF（RATE）FILING 费率（运价）报备 AMENDMENT FILING 修改运价报备
OSRA Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 1998 1998航运改革法 DPI Distribution-Publications Inc. 美国一家运价费率报备公司 Violations 违规操作 Penalty 罚款
Suspend a carrier?tariff 吊销承运人运价本
Compel production of documents and answers to questions 强行要求出具文件、单证；对所提问题作出答复 Entering into a S/C with 与。。。签定服务合同 Knowingly and willfully 明知故犯 File a complaint 投诉
Operating under an un-filed agreement 按未经报备的所谓合同进行运输 Operating under an agreement that has yet to become effective under law 按尚未生效的合约进行运输
Misrating a bill of lading is a violation of the Shipping Act regardless of intent
无论动机是好或是不好，错定运价即是违反（84）航运法 Unreasonable discrimination or preference 不合理的歧视和偏袒 Unfair or unreasonable to deal 不公平或不合理的拒绝运输 Retaliation 报复
Monitor Carrier Rates 监督承运人运价
Purpose - to prevent unreasonable discrimination among shippers. 目的－保护托运人免受不合理的歧视 Require publication of tariff rates. 要求公布运价本
有船承运人和无船承运人
Require filing of confidential service contract rates. 要求对保密性的服务合同运价登记 FMC does not approve rates. FMC不对运价进行审批 Exception: controlled carriers. 例外：受控承运人
Petitioner request the Commission to determine whether CSA?s members have violated
the Shipping Act through discriminatory service contracting and rating practices in the Caribbean trades that intentionally discriminate against OTIs in violation of sections 10…
控方请求海事委员会裁定?加勒比船东协会?成员公司采取签署旨在歧视远洋运输
中介的服务合同和确定运价的做法是否违反了航运法第10节。。。
NVOCC OTIs depend upon the member lines to transport their shipments, approximately
90% of which move under service contracts.
远洋运输中介中的无船承运人得依靠成员公司承运货载，大约90%的货是采用服务合同运输的。
Petitioner asserts that the member lines? service contract offers to NVOs have Eliminated all commodity rates other than FAK and GDSM, thereby depriving NVOs of a rate basis on which to compete for full container load (FCL), single commodity shipments.
控方认为公会成员公司给NVO签署的服务合同，仅保留了FAK和GDSM运价， 其它所有货种的运价都被取消，从而剥夺了NVO赖以竞争的单一货种的整箱货 的基价。