毕 业 设 计（论 文）

题 目： 基于ipv6的中小型企业网的设计和实现 专 业： 学生姓名： 班级学号： 指导教师： 指导单位：

日期：2016年 03月 18日至2016年06月07日

摘 要

2011年宣布IPv4地址空间的耗尽后，现有的网络面临许多问题，网络规模越来越庞大，管理维护越来越复杂，网络设备的配置越来越多。这些问题与挑战对企业而言是个巨大的负担，也正是因此企业迫切需要一个新的网络协议来从根本上解决这些目前存在的问题。所以IPv6协议诞生了，IPv6是继IPv4以后的下一代互联网协议。

对于中小型企业而言，IPv6的部署既是挑战也是机遇，对于IPv6网络的需求也十分强烈。本文首先对IPv6协议进行了深入的研究，简要分析了IPv6协议的主要功能，并且将IPv6协议和IPv4协议进行比较，分析他们的不同之处，找出IPv6协议的优缺点。并且根据3种典型方案对IPv4和IPv6过渡阶段的兼容性进行了分析。在此基础上构建了一个中小型企业网的IPv6网络架构解决IPv6与IPv4兼容性，并通过GNS 3软件进行仿真模拟。在模拟实验中完成预期目标，用ICMP协议测试网络连通性。

关键词：IPv6；企业网；网络规划；IPv6与IPv4兼容性

Abstract

After the 2011 IPv4 address space is exhausted, the existing network faces many problems, the network scale becomes larger and larger, the management and maintenance becomes more and more complex, and the network equipment configuration is more and more. These problems and challenges are a huge burden to the enterprise, and it is also the urgent need for a new network protocol to solve these problems. So the IPv6 protocol was born, IPv6 is the next generation Internet protocol after IPv4.

For small and medium enterprises, the deployment of IPv6 is both a challenge and an opportunity, the demand for IPv6 network is also very strong. Firstly the IPv6 protocol were in-depth study, briefly analyses the main function of IPv6 protocol, and compare IPv4 and IPv6 protocol, analysis of the differences between them, find out the advantages and disadvantages of IPv6 protocol. And the compatibility of IPv4 and IPv6 in the transition phase is analyzed according to the 3 typical schemes. On the basis of this, the IPv6 network architecture of a small and medium-sized enterprise network is constructed to solve the compatibility between IPv6 and IPv4, and the simulation is carried out by GNS 3 software. In the simulation experiment, the expected goal is accomplished, and the network connectivity is tested by the ICMP .

KEYWORDS: IPv6；Enterprise Network；Network Planning；Compatibility

between IPv6 and IPv4

南京邮电大学通达学院2016届本科生毕业设计（论文）

目录

第一章 绪论 .............................................. 1

1.1研究背景及意义...................................................................................................... 1 1.2国内外研究部署现状.............................................................................................. 2 1.3研究内容.................................................................................................................. 2 1.4论文整体结构.......................................................................................................... 3

第二章IPv6协议研究 ...................................... 4

2.1 IPv6协议的简介 ..................................................................................................... 4 2.2 IPv6协议的优缺点 ................................................................................................. 4 2.3 IPv6和IPv4协议兼容性 ....................................................................................... 6

2.3.1 IPv6/IPv4双协议栈技术： ......................................................................... 6 2.3.2隧道技术....................................................................................................... 7 2.3.3 NAT-PT ....................................................................................................... 10

第三章 方案总体设计 ..................................... 14

3.1 方案架构及需求................................................................................................... 14

3.1.1 总体需求.................................................................................................... 14 3.1.2 拓扑架构及描述........................................................................................ 14 3.2 网络设计............................................................................................................... 17

3.2.1整体环境介绍............................................................................................. 17 3.2.2 GNS 3 软件介绍........................................................................................ 17 3.2.3总体方案设计............................................................................................. 18 3.2.4 设计中可能存在的问题............................................................................ 24 3.2.5 解决方案.................................................................................................... 26

第四章 测试 ............................................. 30

4.1 需求测试............................................................................................................... 30 4.2 性能测试............................................................................................................... 34

总结和展望 .............................................. 37 致 谢 ................................................. 39 参考文献 ................................................ 40