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1 O2(g) = H2O(l) 24£® ·´Ó¦µÄ¦¤rSmΪÕýÖµ£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦ÊÇ×Ô·¢µÄ¡££¨ £©
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2. ÏÂÁÐÎïÖÊÖУ¬¦¤fG?m = 0 µÄÊÇ£¨ £©
A. Br2( g) B. Br2(l) C. Br2(aq) D. Br ¨C(aq)
3¡¢ÏÂÁÐÐðÊöÖÐÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£º£¨ £©
A. ʯīµÄìʲ»ÎªÁã B. µÈÎÂÌõ¼þÏÂ, ¦¤rGm? = ¦¤rH?m ¨C T¦¤rSm? C. ·´Ó¦µÄìʱäÔ½´ó,·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÔ½´ó.
D. ÎÞÂÛÈκÎÇé¿öÏÂ,Ö»Òª¦¤S>0,¸Ã·´Ó¦Ò»¶¨ÊÇ×Ô·¢·´Ó¦. 4¡¢¾ßÓÐ×îСĦ¶ûìØµÄÎïÖÊÊÇ£¨ £©
A. Br2(l) B. NaCl(s) C. Na(s) D. Cl2(g)
5£® Èôij·´Ó¦µÄ¦¤rGm? = 10KJ.mol-1£¬ÓÉ´Ë¿ÉÍÆ¶Ï¸Ã·´Ó¦£¨ £©
A¡¢¦¤rHm?>0 ¦¤rSm?<0 B. Ò»¶¨²»ÄÜ×Ô·¢½øÐÐ C. ÔÚ±ê׼״̬ÏÂÒ»¶¨²»ÄÜ×Ô·¢½øÐÐ D. ÔڷDZê׼״̬ÏÂÒ»¶¨²»ÄÜ×Ô·¢½øÐÐ
6£® ÔÚ373K£¬101325Paʱ£¬Ë®Õô·¢ÎªË®ÕôÆûµÄ¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÌåϵµÄÈÈÁ¦Ñ§º¬ÊýµÄ±äÁ¿ÎªÁãµÄ£¨ £©
A£®¦¤rH?m B. ¦¤rG?m C. ¦¤rSm? D. ¦¤rUm
7£® ÒÑÖªHClµÄ¦¤fH?m = 431KJ.mol-1£¬Ôò¿ÉÅжÏÏÂÁз´Ó¦£º
H2(g) + Cl2(g) = 2HCl(g) µÄ¦¤rH?mΪ£º£¨ £©
A. ¨C431KJ.mol-1 B. 862KJ.mol-1 C. ¨C862KJ.mol-1 D. ÎÞ·¨ÅжÏ
3
8£® ±íʾ CO2µÄ±ê׼Ħ¶ûÉú³Éìʵķ´Ó¦ÊÇ£¨ £©
A. CO(g) + 1/2O2(g) = CO2(g) ¦¤rH?m = £283.0KJ.mol-1 B. C(½ð¸Õʯ ) + O2(g) = CO2(g) ¦¤rH?m = £395.38KJ.mol-1 C. 2C(ʯī) + 2O2(g) = 2CO2(g) ¦¤rH?m = £787.0KJ.mol-1 D. C(ʯī) + O2(g) = CO2(g) ¦¤rH?m = £393.5KJ.mol-1 9£® °´¹æ¶¨£¬ÏÂÁÐÎïÖʵıê׼Ħ¶ûÉú³ÉìÊΪÁãµÄÊÇ£¨ £©
A. C(½ð¸Õʯ) B. O3(g) C. Br2(l) D. I2(g) 10£®ÏÂÁз´Ó¦ÖÐÄĸöÊDZíʾ¦¤fH?m (AgI,s)µÄ·´Ó¦Ê½£¨ £©
A. Ag+(aq) + I-(aq) = AgI(s) B. 2 Ag(s) + I2(s) = 2AgI(s) C. 2 Ag(s) + I2(g) = 2AgI(s) D. Ag(s) + 1/2I2(s) = AgI(s)
11£® ÒÑÖª C£¨Ê¯Ä«£©+ O2(g) = CO2(g) ¦¤fH?m = £393.5KJ.mol-1 fH?
m =
£395.8KJ.mol-1
Ôò£º C£¨Ê¯Ä«£©?C(½ð¸Õʯ)µÄ¦¤rH?mµÈÓÚ£¨ £©
A. ¨C789.3KJ.mol-1 B. 2.3KJ.mol-1 C. ¨C2.3KJ.mol-1 D. 789.3KJ.mol-1
12£® Ò»¶¨Î¶ÈÏ£¬ÏÂÁз´Ó¦ÖÐÄÇÒ»¸ö·´Ó¦µÄ¦¤rS?mÖµ×î´ó£¨ £©
A. CaSO4(s) + 2H2O(l) = CaSO4.2H2O(s) B.
MgCO3(s) = MgO(s) + CO2(g)
C. 2SO2(g) + O2(g) = 2SO3(g) D. H2(g) + Cl2(g) = 2HCl(g)
13£®·´Ó¦MgCl2(s) = Mg(s) + Cl2(g), ¦¤rHm¦¨
>0,±ê׼״̬Ï£¬´Ë·´Ó¦£º£¨ £© A. µÍÎÂ×Ô·¢ B. ¸ßÎÂ×Ô·¢
C. ÈκÎζȾù×Ô·¢ D. ÈκÎζȾù²»¿ÉÄÜ×Ô·¢
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C£¨½ð¸Õʯ£©+ O2(g) = CO2(g) ¦¤
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ζןÃÕý·´Ó¦µÄ¦¤rH?mºÍ¦¤rS?m Ϊ£¨ £©
A. B. C. D.
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A. B.
Ag2O(s) = 2Ag(s) + N2O4(g) = 2NO2(g)
1O2(g) 2C. D.
Fe2O3(s) +
31C(s) = 2Fe(s) + CO2(g) 22 6C(s) + 6H2O(g) = C6H12O6(s)
16£® Èç¹ûÔÚÈÈÁ¦Ñ§Î¶ÈÏ£¬Ä³Ò»·´Ó¦µÄ¼ª²¼Ë¹×ÔÓÉÄܱ仯Ϊ¦¤G£¬ìʱäΪ¦¤H£¬Ôò¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄìØ±äΪ£¨ £©
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19£® ±ê׼״̬Ï£¬ H2(g)ÓëO2(g)·´Ó¦Éú³É2.0mol H2O(l)ʱ·ÅÈÈQ KJ£¬ ÔòH2O(l)µÄ¦¤fH?mֵΪ£¨ £© A. Q B. Q/2 C. Q/18 D. Q/36
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20£® ÒÑÖª·´Ó¦ (1) MnO(s) + 1/2O2(g) = MnO2(s) µÄ¦¤rH1m? (2) MnO2(s) + Mn(s) = 2 MnO(s) µÄ¦¤rH2m? Ôò ¦¤fH?m£¨ MnO2¡¢S£© = £¨ £©
A£®¦¤rH1m?£¦¤rH2m? B. 2¦¤rH1m?+¦¤rH2m? C. 2¦¤rH1m?£¦¤rH2m? D. ¦¤rH1m?+2¦¤rH2m?
21¡¢¸ù¾ÝÊý¾Ý¦¤fG?m(NO,g) = 86.5KJ.mol-1 , ¦¤fG?m(NO2,g) = 51.3KJ.mol-1£¬ ·´Ó¦ (1) N2(g) + O2(g) = 2NO(g) ; (2)
2NO(g) + O2(g) = 2NO2(g) £¬ ÔÚ±ê׼״̬ϽøÐеÄÇé¿ö˵Ã÷ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨ £© A.£¨1£©ÄÜ×Ô·¢£¨2£©²»ÄÜ B. (1)ºÍ(2)¶¼ÄÜ×Ô·¢ C. (2)ÄÜ×Ô·¢ (1)²»ÄÜ D. (1)ºÍ(2)¶¼²»ÄÜ×Ô·¢ 22¡¢Ö¸³ö?fHmµÈÓÚÁãµÄµ¥ÖÊ£¨ £© A¡¢C(½ð¸Õʯ) B¡¢Fe(s) C¡¢O3(g) D¡¢Br2(l) 23¡¢¸ù¾Ý¸Ç˹¶¨ÂÉÅжÏÏÂÁеÈʽÄÄÒ»ÏîÊÇÕýÈ·µÄ£¿
?A ¡÷H3 C
¡÷H1 ¡÷H5 ¡÷H4
B ¡÷H2 D A¡¢¡÷H1+ ¡÷H2+¡÷H3 =¡÷H4 B¡¢¡÷H1+ ¡÷H2 = ¡÷H3 +¡÷H4
C¡¢£¨¡÷H1+ ¡÷H2 £©££¨¡÷H3 +¡÷H4£©= ¡÷H5 D¡¢¡÷H1£«¡÷H2£«¡÷H3£«¡÷H4 =¡÷H5
24¡¢ÔÚ298K£¬101Kpaʱ£¬·´Ó¦
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O2(g) = CO(g) ¡÷H1
2O2(g) =2 CO(g) ¡÷H?2
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A¡¢(1) (4) (5) B¡¢(1)(2) (4)(5) C¡¢(4)(5) D¡¢¶¼²»ÊôÓÚ
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28¡¢ÏÂÁÐÄÄÒ»·´Ó¦£¨»ò¹ý³Ì£©µÄìØÖµÊǼõСµÄ£¨ £© A¡¢NaCl¾§Ìå´ÓÈÜÒºÖÐÎö³ö B¡¢·´Ó¦C(s) + 1/2 O2(g) = CO(g) C¡¢CuSO4¡¤5H2O¾§ÌåÈÜÓÚË® D¡¢¹Ì̬I2µÄÉý»ª 29¡¢ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÖÐÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨ £©
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= ¨C92.2KJ¡¤mol-1£¬ÆäÖÐmol-1ÊÇÖ¸£¨ £© ?rH?m??mol?1)·Ö±ðΪ ¨C75£¬¨C394
A. ÿmol NH3 B. ÿmol H2 C. ÿmol H2 D. ÿmol ÉÏÊö·´Ó¦
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£¨1£©C(g) + O2(g) = CO2(g) £¨2£©H2 (g) + 1/2O2(g) = H2O(l)
= ¨C394KJ¡¤mol-1 ?rH?m= ¨C286KJ¡¤mol-1 ?rH?m= ¨C286KJ¡¤mol-1 ?rH?m£¨3£©C2H6(g) + 7/2O2(g) = 2CO2(g) +3H2O(l)
Óɴ˿ɵÃC2H6 (g)µÄ?fH?µÈÓÚ ( ) m(298.15K)A. ¨C1560KJ¡¤mol-1 B. ¨C86KJ¡¤mol-1 C. +86 KJ¡¤mol-1 D. ÎÞ·¨¼ÆËã 35¡¢Í¬ÎÂͬѹÌõ¼þÏ£¬°´ìØÖµµÝÔö´ÎÐòÅÅÁÐÕýÈ·µÄ£¨ £©
A. B.
H2O(l) H2O(g) H2O(s) Cl2(l) Br2 (l) I2(s)
8
C. D.
Na(s) NaCl(s) CaCl2(s) O3(g) O2(g) O(g)
36¡¢±½µÄÈÛµãΪ5.0oC, ÈÛ»¯ÈÈΪ10.7 KJ¡¤mol-1£¬ÄÇô±½µÄÈÛ»¯¹ý³Ì¦¤SµÈÓÚ£¨ £© A. 2.1 KJ¡¤mol-1¡¤K B. 10.7KJ¡¤mol-1
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C. 38.5 KJ¡¤mol-1¡¤K D. 38.5 J¡¤mol-1¡¤K
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37¡¢ÒÑÖªB2H6(g)ºÍH2O(l)µÄ?fH?·Ö±ðΪ+31.4 KJ¡¤mol-1ºÍ¨C286 KJ¡¤mol-1,ÓÖÒÑÖªB2H6(g)µÄȼÉÕm(298.15K)ֵΪ¨C2153 KJ¡¤mol-1£¬Ôò¿ÉÇóµÃB2O3(g)µÄ?fH?Ϊ£¨ £© m(298.15K)A. -1836 KJ¡¤mol-1 B.-1264 KJ¡¤mol-1 C . +2153 KJ¡¤mol-1 D.+1264 KJ¡¤mol-1
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¦¤rH?m = £1170KJ.mol-1
4NH3(g) + 3O2(g) = 2N2(g) + 6H2O(l)
¦¤rH?m = £1530KJ.mol-1
ÔòNO(g) µÄ±ê׼Ħ¶ûÉú³Éìʦ¤fH?mΪ_______
3£® ÔÚ373KºÍ101.325Kpaʱ£¬ÒºÌ¬H2O±ä³ÉË®ÕôÆûµÄ¹ý³ÌÖÐ
¦¤rG?m___________£»¦¤rH?m_________£»¦¤rS?m______(Ìî>0 =0 <0)
4£® ·´Ó¦2N2(g) + O2(g) = 2N2O(g)ÔÚ298KʱµÄ¦¤rH?m = 164.0KJ.mol-1,Ôò´Ë·´Ó¦µÄ¦¤rU?mΪ_________KJ.mol-1 5£®ÔÚ298KºÍ101.325Kpaʱ£¬ÒÑÖªÏÂÁз´Ó¦
C(s) + H2O(g) = CO(g) + H2(g)
¦¤fH?m/KJ.mol-1 £241.8 £110.5
?.-1 ¦¤fGm /KJmol
£228.6 £137.2
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8. »¯Ñ§·´Ó¦A(g) + B(g) = 2C(g)£¬ A¡¢B¡¢C¾ùΪÀíÏëÆøÌ壬ÔÚ250C±ê׼״̬Ï£¬¸Ã¹ý³Ì·Ö±ðÒÀÁ½¸ö²»Í¬Í¾¾¶Íê³É£º£¨1£©²»×ö¹¦£¬·ÅÈÈ40KJ£»£¨2£©×ö×î´ó¹¦£¬·ÅÈÈ2KJ¡£ÔòÔÚ£¨1£©¡¢£¨2£©Á½Çé¿öÏ£¬¦¤H?·Ö±ðΪ__________£¬__________£»¦¤G?·Ö±ðΪ__________£¬__________£» ¦¤S?·Ö±ðΪ__________£¬__________¡£ ËÄ¡¢ ¼ÆËãÌâ
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(1) 2Fe(s) + 3/2O2(g) = Fe2O3(s) ¦¤rG?m = £742KJ.mol-1 (2) 4 Fe2O3(s) + Fe(s) = 3 Fe3O4(s) ¦¤rG?m = £78 KJ.mol-1
2¡¢ÉèÏÂÁз´Ó¦
(1) A + B = C + D ¦¤rH?m = £40 KJ.mol-1 (2) C +D = E ¦¤rH?m = 60 KJ.mol-1
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A. B. C.
C + D = A + B 2C +2D = 2A + 2B A + B = E
10
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(2) Hac = H+ + Ac- K0=1.8¡Á10-5 (3) HC2O4-= H+ + C2O42- K0=6.4¡Á10-5
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4¡¢ÒÑÖª¦¤fH?m(NO,g) = 90.25 KJ.mol-1£¬ ÔÚ2273Kʱ, ·´Ó¦N2(g) + O2(g) = 2NO(g) µÄK? = 0.100,ÔÚ2273Kʱ,ÈôP(N2) = P(O2) = 10Kpa£¬ P(NO)=20Kpa£¬ ·´Ó¦ÉÌQ = _______£¬ ·´Ó¦Ïò______·½Ïò½øÐÐ; ÔÚ2000Kʱ, ÈôP(NO) = P(N2) =10 Kpa , P(O2) = 100Kpa, ·´Ó¦ÉÌQ = ______, ·´Ó¦Ïò__________·½Ïò½øÐÐ.
5¡¢PCl5(g) = PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)£¬ÔÚÒ»¶¨TºÍPÏ£¬ÈôÒ»¶¨Á¿µÄPCl5ÆøÌåµÄÌå»ýΪ1Éý£¬ ´ËʱPCl5ÆøÌåÒÑÓÐ50%
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6¡¢¿ÉÄæ·´Ó¦. 2Cl2 (g) + 2H2O(g) = 4HCl(g) + O2(g) ¦¤rH?m > 0 ,·´Ó¦´ïµ½Æ½ºâºó,½øÐÐÒÔϲÙ×÷,ÊÔÌÖÂÛÆäÓ°Ïì:
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I. 2NO + H2 = N2 + H2O2 (Âý) II. H2O2 + H2 = 2H2O (¿ì)
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dt2dc(SO3)1dc(SO2)A. B. £
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11¡¢ÓÐÒ»»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦ A + B ¡ú D , Èý´ÎʵÑéÊý¾ÝÈçÏÂ:
³õʼ(A)¨Mmol.l ³õʼ(B)¨Mmol.l
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Éú³ÉDµÄ³õʼËÙÂÊ(mol.l.S)
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21
C. ¦Í = kc(A)c(B) D. ¦Í = kc(A)
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13¡¢·´Ó¦ A(g) + B(g) ¡ú C(g) µÄËÙÂÊ·½³ÌʽΪ¦Í = kc(A) c(B),ÈôʹÃܱյķ´Ó¦ÈÝ»ýÔö´ó1±¶,ÔòÆä·´Ó¦
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£¨1£© NO + NO == N2O2 (¿ì)
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Ôò×Ü·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ·½³ÌʽΪ:
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17¡¢¶ÔÓÚÒ»¸ö»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦,ÏÂÁÐÄÄÖÖÇé¿öÏÂËÙÂÊÔ½´ó?( )
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18¡¢Õý·´Ó¦µÄ»î»¯ÄÜ(EaÕý)´óÓÚÄæ·´Ó¦µÄ»î»¯ÄÜ(EaÄæ),ÔòÕý·´Ó¦µÄ±ê×¼ Ħ¶ûìʱä( )
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A. ¦¤rH?m > 0 B. ¦¤rH?m = (EaÕý- EaÄæ)/2 C. ¦¤rH?m < 0 D. ÎÞ·¨È·¶¨
19¡¢²»»áÓ°Ïì·´Ó¦ËÙÂʳ£ÊýkµÄÒòËØ( )
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20¡¢ÈçͼËùʾ,·´Ó¦A + B ¡ú C + D ËùÉæ¼°µÄìÊÏà¶Ô´óСΪ: »î»¯ÅäºÏÎï > A + B > C + D ,Òò´Ë:( )
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D. Äæ·´Ó¦µÄ»î»¯ÄܵÍÓÚÕý·´Ó¦»î»¯ÄÜ.
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A¡¢ NO + NO + Cl2 =2 NOCl B¡¢ Cl2 = 2 Cl (Âý)
NO + Cl = NOCl (¿ì)
C¡¢ Cl2 = 2 Cl (¿ì)
NO + Cl = NOCl (Âý)
D¡¢2 NO= N2O2 (¿ì)
Cl2 + N2O2 = 2NOCl (Âý)
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A. m-n B. n-m C.m-3n D. 3n-m
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C.-74.5 KJ¡¤mol-1 D. +74.5 KJ¡¤mol-1
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C.1¡Á108 D. 1¡Á102
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mol¡¤L-1±äΪ0.02 mol¡¤L-1ʱÐ裨 £©
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C.594s D. 2.5s
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3¡¢ ¸´ÔÓ·´Ó¦ 3ClO- == ClO3- + 2Cl- µÄ·Ö²½·´Ó¦ÈçÏÂ:
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4¡¢ ijһ·´Ó¦µÄËٶȾö¶¨²½Öè 2A(g) + B(g) == 3C(g), ½«1mol A(g)ºÍ2 mol B(g)»ìºÏ£¬ ·´Ó¦Á¢¼´·¢Éú£¬µ±A.B
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A. C(H+)=C(AC-) B. C(H+)
14. 0.10mol.l-1 ij¶þÔªÈõËáH2AµÄKa1Ϊ4.0 x 10-7 , Ka2 Ϊ8.0¡Á
10-10£¬Ôò¸ÃÈÜÒºµÄA-Àë×ÓŨ¶ÈԼΪ________ (mol.l-1) A. 1.0 x 10-4 B 2.0 x 10-4 C. 8.0 x 10-10 D. 4.0 x 10-10 15. ½«1Éý4 mol.l-1°±Ë®Óë1Éý2 mol.l-1ÑÎËáÈÜÒº»ìºÏ£¬»ìºÏºóOH-
Àë×ÓŨ¶ÈΪ¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª£¨mol.l-1£©
A. 1 B. 2 C. 8.0 x 10-4 D. 1.79 x 10-5
16. ÈõËáµÄÇ¿¶ÈÖ÷ÒªÓëËüÔÚË®ÈÜÒºÖеÄÄÄÒ»ÖÖÊý¾ÝÓйØ________
A. Ũ¶È B. Àë½â¶È C. Àë½â³£Êý D. Èܽâ¶È
17. ¸ù¾ÝƽºâÒÆ¶¯ÔÀí,ÔÚ0.10mol.l-1HACÈÜÒºÖÖ,ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨²»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
A¡¢¼ÓÈëŨHAC,ÓÉÓÚÔö¼Ó·´Ó¦ÎïŨ¶È,ƽºâÏòÓÒÒÆ¶¯£¬
½á¹ûHACÀë½â¶ÈÔö´ó.
B¡¢¼ÓÈëÉÙNaOHÈÜÒº,ƽºâÏòÓÒÒÆ¶¯. C¡¢ÓÃˮϡÊÍ,Àë½â¶ÈÔö´ó.
36
D¡¢¼ÓÈëÉÙÁ¿HClÈÜÒº,HACµÄÀë½â¶È¼õÉÙ.
18. ÏÂÁÐÐðÊöÖÐÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ______
A¡¢Ç¿µç½âÖʵÄÀë½â¶È´óС±íʾÁ˸õç½âÖÊÔÚÈÜÒºÖÐÀë½â
¶È³Ì¶ÈµÄ´óС.
B¡¢µç½âÖÊÔÚÈÜÒºÖж¼ÊÇÈ«²¿Àë½âµÄ,¹ÊÀë½â¶ÈΪ100% C¡¢Å¨¶ÈΪ1 x 10-9 mol.l-1 µÄÑÎËáÈÜÒºÖÐ,PHΪ7 D¡¢Öк͵ÈÌå»ýPHÏàͬµÄHCl¼°HACÈÜÒº,ËùÐèµÄ
NaOHµÄÁ¿Ïàͬ.
19. Íù1Éý0.10mol.l-1µÄNH3Ë®ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëһЩNH4Cl¾§Ì壬»áʹ___
A¡¢NH3Ë®µÄÀë½â³£ÊýKbÔö´ó. B¡¢NH3Ë®µÄÀë½â³£ÊýKb¼õС C¡¢ÈÜÒºµÄPHÔö´ó. D¡¢ÈÜÒºµÄPH ¼õС.
20. Íù1Éý0.10mol.l-1µÄHAcË®ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëһЩˮ£¬´Ëʱ
A. HAcµÄÀë½â¶È¼õС B. HAcµÄÀë½â¶ÈÔö´ó. C. ÈÜÒºµÄPH¼õС D. ÈÜÒºµÄH+Àë×ÓŨ¶È²»±ä. 21. Ò»°ã×÷Ϊ»º³åÈÜÒºµÄÊÇ_________
A. ÈõËáÈõ¼îÑεÄÈÜÒº B. ÈõËá(»òÈõ¼î)¼°ÆäÑεĻìºÏÈÜÒº C. PH×ܲ»»á¸Ä±äµÄÈÜÒº D. Ç¿Ëá(»òÇ¿¼î)¼°ÆäÑÎ×é³ÉµÄÈÜÒº.
22. »º³åÈÜÒºµÄPHÖµ×îÖ÷ÒªÊÇÓÉÏÂÁÐÄÄÒ»¸öÒòËØ¾ö¶¨µÄ¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª
A. ¹²éî¶ÔµÄƽºâ³£Êý B. ¹²éî¶ÔË«·½µÄŨ¶È±È C. ÈÜÒºµÄÎÂ¶È D. ¹²éî¶ÔË«·½µÄ×ÜŨ¶È
23. ÏÂÁÐÈÜÒºÖлº³åÄÜÁ¦×î´óµÄÊÇ_______
37
A¡¢0.10mol.l-1 NH3Ë®0.1Éý B¡¢0.10mol.l-1 NH4ClË®0.1Éý
C¡¢0.10mol.l-1 NH3Ë®0.5ÉýÓë0.10mol.l-1 NH4ClË®0.05Éý
µÄ»ìºÏÒº
D¡¢0.20mol.l-1 NH3Ë®0.5ÉýÓë0.20mol.l-1 NH4ClË®0.05Éý
µÄ»ìºÏÒº
24. 0.025mol.l-1 HACÈÜÒºÓëµÈÌå»ýNaACÈÜÒºÏà»ì£¬ÒªÊ¹PHά³Ö
4.05£¬»ìºÏºóËáºÍÑεÄŨ¶È±ÈӦΪ¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª
A. 6 : 1 B. 50 : 1 C. 30 : 1 D. 5 : 1
25. ÓÃHSO3-[K(HSO3-) = 3 .0 x 10-8]ºÍSO32-ÅäÖÆµÄ»º³åÈÜÒºµÄPH·¶Î§__
A. 10~12 B. 6.5~8.5 C. 2.4~4.0 D. 2~4
26. ÏàͬŨ¶ÈµÄÏÂÁÐÑÎÈÜÒºµÄPHÖµ£¬ÓÉСµ½´óµÄ˳ÐòÊÇ£º:
NaA¡¢ NaB¡¢ NaC¡¢ NaD (A. B. C. D¶¼ÎªÈõËá¸ù),Ôò¸÷¶ÔÓ¦ËáÔÚͬŨ¶È, ͬζÈÏÂ, Àë½â¶È×î´óµÄËáÊÇ_______
A. HA B. HB C. HC D. HD
27. ÏòNa2CO3ÈÜÒºÖеÎÈëÁ½µÎ·Ó̪ÈÜÒº,ÈÜÒº³Ê·ÛºìÉ«,΢ÈȺó£¬ÈÜÒºµÄÑÕÉ«____
A. ¼ÓÉî B. ²»±ä C. ±ädz D. Ïûʧ
28. ʵÑéÊÒÅäÖÆSnCl2ÈÜҺʱ,±ØÐëÔÚÉÙÁ¿ÑÎËáÖÐÅäÖÆ,¶øºóÏ¡ÊÍÖÁËùÐè
Ũ¶È£¬²ÅÄܵõ½³ÎÇåÈÜÒº£¬ÕâÊÇÓÉÓÚ_______
A. Ðγɻº³åÈÜÒº B. ͬÀë×ÓЧӦ C. ÑÎЧӦ´ÙʹSnCl2Èܽâ D. ÒÖÖÆ SnCl2Ë®½â
29. ¸ù¾ÝËá¼îÖÊ×ÓÀíÂÛ,ÏÂÁÐÐðÊöÖв»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ________
A¡¢Ëá¼î·´Ó¦µÄ·½ÏòÊÇÇ¿ËáÓëÇ¿¼î·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÈõËáºÍÈõ¼î. B¡¢»¯ºÏÎïÖÐûÓÐÑεĸÅÄî. C¡¢ËáÓúÇ¿,Æä¹²éî¼îÒ²ÓúÇ¿.
38
D¡¢Ë®ÈÜÒºÖÐÀë½â·´Ó¦,Ë®½â·´Ó¦¼°Öкͷ´Ó¦ÈýÕß¶¼ÊÇÖÊ×Ó
×ªÒÆ·´Ó¦.
30. ÏÂÁÐÎïÖÊÖÐ,¼È¿ÉÒÔ×÷ΪËáÓÖ¿ÉÒÔ×÷Ϊ¼îµÄÊÇ________
A. PO43- B. NH4+ C. H3O+ D. HCO3-
31¡¢ÏÂÁÐÄÄÒ»Ïî²»Êǹ²éîËá¼î¶Ô£¨ £©
A¡¢NH4+, NH3 B¡¢HF, H2F+ C¡¢NH3£¬NH2 D¡¢H+3O,OH
£
£
32¡¢ ¶ÔÓÚÏÂÁз´Ó¦À´Ëµ,ÕýÈ·µÄÐðÊöÊÇ______
[Al(H2O)6]3+ + H2O ¡ú [Al(H2O)5(OH)]2+ + H3O+
A¡¢[Al(H2O)6]3+ ÊǼ¶øH2OÊÇËüµÄ¹²éîËá.
B¡¢[Al(H2O)6]3+ ÊǼ¶ø[Al(H2O)5(OH)]2+ÊÇËüµÄ¹²éîËá. C¡¢[Al(H2O)6]3+ ÊÇËᣬ¶øH2OÊÇËüµÄ¹²éî¼î
D¡¢ [Al(H2O)6]3+ ÊÇËᣬ¶ø[Al(H2O)5(OH)]2+ÊÇËüµÄ¹²éî¼î.
33¡¢H2O ¡¢H2AC+¡¢NH4+µÄ¹²éî¼îÐÔÇ¿Èõ˳ÐòÊÇ________
A. OH- > NH2- >AC- B. NH2- > OH- > AC- C. OH- > NH3 >HAC D. HAC>NH3 >OH-
34¡¢ ·´Ó¦Zn2+ + H2O = ZnOH+ + H+ µÄKֵΪ2.5 x 10-10,Ôò0.10mol.l-1
µÄ¸ÃÈÜÒºµÄPHÖµÊÇ______
A. 3.25 B. 5.30 C. 4.34 D. 6.78
35¡¢ÈôËá¼î·´Ó¦HA + B- = HB +A- µÄK =10-4,ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ_______
A. HBÊDZÈHAÇ¿µÄËá B. HAÊDZÈHBÇ¿µÄËá C. HAºÍHBËáÐÔÏàͬ D. ËáµÄÇ¿ÈõÎÞ·¨±È½Ï
36. ¾ùΪ0.10mol.l-1µÄÈýÖÖÑÎÈÜÒº:(1)NH4Cl. (2)NaCN (3)NH4CN ÕâÈý
ÖÖÑÎÈÜÒºPH´Ó´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª
A. (1) > (2) > (3) B. (2) > (1) > (3)
39
C. (2) > (3) > (1) D.(1) > (3) > (2)
37. Ïò0.10mol.l-1H3PO4ÈÜÒºÖеμÓNaOHÈÜÒºÖÁPH=8.0,ÈÜÒºÖÐŨ¶È×î´óµÄÁ×ËáÐÍÌåÊÇ_____________(H3PO4µÄPKa1=2.0,PKa2=7.2,PKa3=12.6)
A¡¢H3PO4 B¡¢H2PO4 C¡¢HPO42
£
£
D¡¢PO43
£
38. ÔÚ110mlŨ¶ÈΪ0.10mol.l-1µÄHACÖÐ,¼ÓÈë10mlŨ¶ÈΪ0.10
mol.l-1µÄNaOHÈÜÒº,Ôò»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄPHֵΪ_______
(ÒÑÖªHACµÄPKa=4.75)
A. 4.75 B. 3.75 C. 2.75 D.5.75
39¡¢ ÔÚ250Cʱ0.1 mol.l-1ijһԪÈõËáÈÜÒºµÄµçÀë¶ÈΪ0.2%£¬Ôò´ËÈÜÒºµÄOH-Ũ¶ÈΪ_______ mol.l-1
A. 2 ¡Á 10-4 B. 1 ¡Á 10-10 C. 5 ¡Á 10-5 D. 5 ¡Á10-11
.40¡¢ ¸ù¾ÝÏÂÁÐÖÊ×Ó´«µÝ·´Ó¦:
(1) HS- + H2O = S2- + H3O+ K1=1 x 10-12 (2) CN- + H3O+ = H2O + HCN K2=1 x 10-4 (3) HAC + H2O = H3O+ + AC- K3=1 x 10-5 (4) HNO2 + CN- = HCN +NO2- K4=1 x 10-6
×îÇ¿µÄÖÊ×Ó¼îÊÇ_________
A. NO2- B. AC- C. CN- D. S2-
41. Ëá¼îÖÊ×ÓÀíÂÛÈÏΪ,ÏÂÁÐÎïÖÊÖÐÈ«²¿ÊÇËáµÄÊÇ______
A¡¢H2S¡¢ C2O42- ¡¢ HCO3- B¡¢HPO42- ¡¢ NH4+¡¢ [Fe(H2O)6]3+ C¡¢Na(S)¡¢ BF3¡¢ H2O D¡¢NH4+¡¢CO32¡¢H2O
£
42¡¢ ÒÑÖªÔÚ298015Kʱ,ÏÂÁз´Ó¦µÄƽºâ³£Êý:
HCN = H+ +CN- Ka=4.93 x 10-10 NH3 + H2O = NH4+ +OH- Kb=1.79 x 10-5
40
H2O = H+ + OH- Kw=1.00x 10-14 ÏÂÁз´Ó¦µÄƽºâ³£ÊýÊÇ________
NH3 + HCN = NH4+ + CN-
A. 8.82 x 10-29 B. 2.75 x 10-19 C. 8.82 x 10-1
43. ÏÂÁл¯ºÏÎïÖÐ,ÆäË®ÈÜÒºµÄPHÖµ×î¸ßµÄÊÇ________
A. NaCl B. Na2CO3 C. NH4Cl D. NaHCO3
44¡¢ ÔÚH2SµÄ±¥ºÍË®ÈÜÒºÖУ¬ÏÂÁÐŨ¶È¹ØÏµÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª
A. [S2-]¡Ö2[H+] B. [HS-]¡Ö[H+] C. [H2S]¡Ö[H+]+[HS-] D. [H2S]¡Ö[S2-]
45. ÏòHACÈÜÒºÖмÓһЩNaAC,»áʹ¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª
A. HACµÄKa¼õÉÙ B. HAC µÄµçÀë¶È¼õÉÙ C. HACµÄH+Àë×ÓŨ¶ÈÔö¼Ó D. ÈÜÒºµÄPHÖµ¼õÉÙ
46. 0.10mol.l-1HACÈÜÒºÔÚ1Éý0.10mol.l-1NaACË®ÈÜÒºÖУ¬HACµÄµç
Àë¶ÈΪ¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª
A. 10Ka% B. 1000Ka% C. 100Ka% D. 100¡ÌKa/0.1%
47. ÈõËáÐÔË®ÈÜÒºÖеÄÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶È¿É±íʾΪ_______
A. 14_POH B. KW/POH C. 10-POH D. 10-(14-POH)
48£® 0.20mol.l-1¼×ËáÈÜÒºÖÐ3.2%µÄ¼×ËáÒѵçÀ룬ËüµÄµçÀë³£ÊýÊÇ¡ª¡ª¡ª
A.2.1 x 10-4 B. 1.25 x 10-6 C. 4.8 x 10-5 D.2.1 x 10-8
49. Èç¹ûÒÒËáµÄÀë½â³£ÊýÊÇ1.75 x 10-5 mol.l-1,ÔòÒÔʲô±ÈÀý»ìºÏÒÒËáºÍÒÒËáÄÆµÃµ½PH=6.2µÄ»º³åÈÜÒº______
A. 6.3/17.5 B. 6.3/1.75 C. 6.3/35 D. 63/1.75
50¡¢ÔÚ0.30 mol.l-1µÄHClÈÜÒºÖÐͨH2SÖÁ±¥ºÍ£¬S2Ũ¶ÈΪÏÂÁÐÄÄÒ»Ï
£
£¨±¥ºÍH2SÈÜÒºÖУ¬H2SµÄŨ¶ÈΪ0.10mol¡¤L1£©
£
A¡¢0.10 mol.l-1 B¡¢0.30 mol.l-1 C¡¢Ka10¡¤Ka20 D¡¢1.1¡Á10
£19
mol.l-1
41
¶þ¡¢ Ìî¿ÕÌâ
1¡¢NH4+¡¢Cl-¡¢AC-¡¢H2OµÈÎïÖÊÖУ¬¼ÈÊÇÖÊ×ÓËáµÄÓÖÊÇÖÊ×Ó¼îµÄÎïÖÊÊÇ________£¬Æä¹²éîËáÊÇ_____________________¡¢¹²éî¼îÊÇ________________¡£
2¡¢ÓÉNaH2PO4ºÍNa2HPO4×é³É»º³åÈÜÒºÖеĻº³å¶ÔÎïÖÊÊÇ_ ________________________________¡£¸Ã»º³åÈÜÒºµÄ
»º³å×÷ÓõÄÓÐЧ·¶Î§PHÖµÊÇ_________________________¡£
3¡¢°´Ëá¼îÖÊ×ÓÀíÂÛ£¬[Al(H2O)5(OH)]2+µÄ¹²éî¼îÊÇ_______________£¬Æä¹²éîËáÊÇ____________________¡£ 4¡¢0.10mol.l-1 NaHCO3ÈÜÒºµÄPH = ________________£¬
0.10mol.l-1 Na2CO3ÈÜÒºµÄPH = _____________________
£¨H2CO3µÄPKa1 = 6.4, PKa2 = 10.2£©.
5¡¢ÅäÖÆ»º³åÈÜҺʱ£¬Ñ¡Ôñ»º³å¶ÔµÄÔÔòÊÇ__________________________¡£
6¡¢ÒÑÖª0.10mol.l-1 HACÆä[H+]=1.3 x 10-3 mol.l-1 ,ÔòHACµÄµçÀë¶ÈΪ_________£¬µçÀëÆ½ºâ³£ÊýΪ____________________¡£ 7¡¢ÔÚH2S±¥ºÍÈÜÒºÖÐ[S2-]½üËÆµÈÓÚ_________________¡£
8¡¢ÒÑÖªH3PO4µÄPKa1 =2.1, PKa2 = 7.2 £¬PKa3= 12.6£¬ÓÃÁ×ËáÑÎÅäÖÆ
»º³åÈÜҺʱ,ÈôÑ¡ÓÃNa2HPO4 ×÷ΪËᣬ¿ÉÅä³ÉPHÔÚ_______________·¶Î§µÄ»º³åÈÜÒº£»ÈôÑ¡ÓÃNa2HPO4 ×÷Ϊ¼î£¬¿ÉÅäÖÆ³ÉPHÔÚ____________________·¶Î§µÄ»º³åÈÜÒº¡£ 9¡¢ÔÚ50ml 0.12mol.l-1 µÄH3PO4ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈë60ml 0.20mol.l-1NaOH
ÈÜÒº£¬Ôò»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄPH = ______________________¡£ÔÚ60ml 0.10mol.l-1µÄNa3PO4ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈë50ml0.20mol.l-1 HClÈÜÒº£¬Ôò»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄPH = __________________¡£
10£®Àë½â¶È¦Á¡¢Àë½â³£ÊýKÓëŨ¶ÈCµÄ¹ØÏµÊÇ£º________________ËæÅ¨¶È
C¶ø±ä£¬¶ø________²»ËæÅ¨¶ÈC¶ø±ä¡£Ï¡ÊͶ¨ÂɵÄÊýѧ±íʾʽΪ__________¡£ 11£®ÒªÊ¹0.1Éý4.0 mol.l-1µÄNH3Ë®µÄÀë½â¶ÈÔö´ó1±¶£¬Ðè¼ÓÈëË®____
______Éý¡£
12£®0.10 mol.l-1 µÄH2SÈÜÒºÖУ¬H+Ũ¶ÈÊÇ9.5 x 10-5 mol.l-1 ,PH =_______£¬HS-Àë×ÓŨ¶È_____________mol.l-1£¬S2-Àë×ÓŨ¶ÈΪ________mol.l-1¡£
13£®·Ö±ðÖкÍͬÌå»ýµÄPHÏàͬµÄNaOHºÍNH3Ë®ÈÜÒº£¬ËùÐèHClÈÜÒºµÄÁ¿Îª_____________£»Öк͵ÈÌå»ýµÈŨ¶È
42
µÄHClºÍHACÈÜÒº£¬ËùÐèµÄNaOHµÄÁ¿Îª__________________¡££¨ÌîÏàµÈ»ò²»ÏàµÈ£©
14£®PHΪ3.0µÄÏÂÁÐÈÜÒº£¬ÓõÈÌå»ýµÄË®³åÊͺó£¬HACÈÜÒºPHΪ_________£»HClÈÜÒºPHΪ_____________£»HAC
¡ªNaACÈÜÒºPHΪ____________¡£
15£®ÓÚ0.1Éý0.10 mol.l-1 µÄHACÈÜÒºÖмÓÈë0.01mol¹ÌÌåNaAc£¨¼ÙÉèÌå»ý²»±ä£©ÔòÈÜÒºÖеÄH+Àë×ÓŨ¶È½«»á
__________£»PH
½«»á____________£¬AC-Àë×ÓŨ¶È½«»á_________£¨ÌîÔö´ó¡¢¼õС»ò²»±ä£©¡£¸Ã»ìºÏÈÜÒº³ÆÎª__________
ÈÜÒº£¬ÆäH+Àë×ÓŨ¶ÈΪ______ mol.l-1£¬Ïò¸ÃÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÉÙÁ¿Ëá¡¢¼î»òË®ºó£¬ÈÜÒºPHΪ____¡£
16£®CO32-µÄ·Ö¼¶Ë®½â³£ÊýKn1ÓÚKn2ºÍH2CO3ÈÜÒºµÄ·Ö¼¶Àë½â³£ÊýKa1¡¢Ka2Ö®¼äµÄ¹ØÏµÊÇKn1 = ______________£¬
Kn2 =_____¡£
17£®¸ù¾ÝÖÊ×ÓÀíÂÛ£¬NH4+¡¢PO43+¡¢HCO3-¡¢S2-¡¢H3PO4ºÍAC-Àë×ÓÖÐÊÇÖÊ×ÓËá µÄÓÐ________£¬Æä¹²éî¼î·ÖÊÇ_______£»
ÊÇÖÊ×Ó¼îµÄÓÐ____________£¬Æä¹²éîËá·Ö±ðÊÇ______________________£»ÆäÖмÈÊÇËáÓÖÊǼîµÄÓÐ
__________________________¡£
Èý¡¢¼ÆËãÌâ
1¡¢¼ÆËã0.20 mol.l-1 Na2CO3Ë®ÈÜÒºµÄPHÖµ¡£ÈôÏò¸ÃÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëµÈÌå»ýµÄ0.20mol.l-1HCl£¬¼ÆËã»ìºÏÒºµÄPHÖµ
(H2CO3µÄKa1=4.3 x 10-7, Ka2=5.6x 10-11).
2¡¢ÅäÖÆPH = 8.25µÄ»º³åÈÜÒº£¬ÎÊÔÚ200ml 0.20 mol.l-1 NH3H2O ÖмÓÈë0.50 mol.l-1 HCl¶àÉÙºÁÉý?
(ÒÑÖªNH3.H2OµÄPKb = 4.75).
43
3¡¢½«10ml, 0.30 mol.l-1 µÄHCOONaÓë20ml, 0.15 mol.l-1µÄHF»ìºÏ.¼ÆËã·´Ó¦µÄƽºâ³£ÊýºÍÈÜÒºÖеÄ[HCOO-]¡¢
[F-]ºÍ[H+]¸÷Ϊ¶àÉÙ?
(KHCOOH = 1.7 x 10-4, KHF = 6.8 x 10-4).
4. ÒÑÖª298KʱijһԪÈõËáµÄ0.10 mol.l-1Ë®ÈÜÒºµÄPHֵΪ3.0, Çó: (1) Ka (2) ¦Á (3)Ï¡ÊÍÒ»±¶ºóµÄKa¡¢¦Á¡¢PHÖµ
£¨4£©Óë0.10 mol.l-1 NaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏºóËùµÃ»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄPHÖµ Ìå»ý»ìºÏºóËùµÃ»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄPHÖµ¡£
44
5£©Óë0.20 mol.l-1 NaOHÈÜÒºµÈ £¨µÚÁùÕ ³Áµí¡ªÈܽⷴӦ
Ò»¡¢
Ñ¡ÔñÌâ
1. ÏÂÁÐÐðÊöÖÐÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª
A. B. C.
ÄÑÈܵç½âÖÊÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈµÄ³Ë»ý¾ÍÊǸÃÎïÖʵÄÈܶȻý. ÈܶȻý´óÕß,ÆäÈܽâ¶È¾Í´ó.
ÈÜÒºÖÐ×é³ÉÄÑÈܵç½âÖʵÄÀë×Ó»ý´óÓÚËüµÄÈܶȻýʱ,¾Í»á ²úÉú³Áµí. D.
ÓÃˮϡÊͺ¬ÓÐAgCl ¹ÌÌåµÄÈÜҺʱ, AgClµÄÈܶȻý²»±ä,ÆäÈܽâ¶ÈÔö´ó.
2. Sr3(PO4)2µÄÈܶȻýK?SP±í´ïʽÊÇ________
A. K?SP = [Sr2+][PO43-] B. K?SP = [3Sr2+][2PO43-] C.K?SP = [Sr2+]3[PO43-]2 D. K?SP = [Sr32+][(PO4)23-]
3. ÔÚÏÂÁÐÄÑÈÜÒøÑεı¥ºÍÈÜÒºÖÐ, Ag+Àë×ÓŨ¶È×î´óµÄÊÇ(À¨ºÅÄÚΪÈܶȻý)________ A. AgCl (1.8 x 10-10) B. Ag2C2O4 (3.4 x 10-11) C. AgCrO4 (1.1 x 10-12) D. AgBr (5.2 x 10-13)
4. ÏÂÁб¥ºÍÈÜÒºÖÐ,SO42-Àë×ÓŨ¶È×îСµÄÊÇ(À¨ºÅÄÚΪÈܶȻý)________ A. BaSO4 (1.1 x 10-10) B. CaSO4(9.1 x 10-6) C. PbSO4 (1.6 x 10-8) D. Ag2SO4 (1.4 x 10-5)
5. Hg2Cl2 µÄ. K?SP Ϊ1.3 x 10-18 ,0.1Éý±¥ºÍÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈÊÇ_____________mol.L-1 A. 6.88 x 10-7 B. 1.68 x 10-4 C. 6.88 x 10-8 D. 1.14 x 10-9
6. BaSO4µÄÈܶȻýΪ1.0 x 10-10 , ÆäÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿Îª233.3£¬Èô½«1.0 ¡Á 10-3 molµÄBaSO4·ÅÈë10ÉýË®ÖУ¬ÔòδÈܽâµÄÑùÆ·ÓÐ______
A. 0.21g B. 2.1g C. 2.1 x 10-2g D. 2.1 x 10-3g 7. CaF2µÄ±¥ºÍÈÜҺŨ¶ÈΪ2.0 x 10-4 mol.L-1,ËüµÄÈܶȻýΪ_______ A. 2.6 x 10-9 B. 3.2x 10-11 C. 4.0 x 10-8 D. 8.0 x 10-10
45
8. 1ÉýAg2C2O4±¥ºÍÈÜÒºÖÐÈÜÖÊÖÊÁ¿Îª0.06257¿Ë£¬Èô²»¿¼ÂÇÈܽâºóÀë×ÓµÄË®½âµÈÒòËØ, Ag2C2O4µÄ. K?SP ÊÇ
__________
A¡¢4.24 x 10-8 B. 2.36 x 10-10 C. 3.50 x 10-11 D. 8.74 x 10-12
9. AgBrµÄÈܶȻýK?SP = 5.2 x 10-13, AgBrÔÚ0.1 mol.L-1 KBrÈÜÒºÖеÄÈܽâ¶ÈÊÇ_________ mol.L-1
A.2.6 x 10-6 B. 5.2 x 10-12 C. 4.0 x 10-13 D. 4.0 x 10-14
10. CaF2ÔÚ0.1 mol.L-1 KNO3ÈÜÒºÖеÄÈܽâ¶ÈÓëË®ÖеÄÈܽâ¶ÈÏà±È£¬ÊôÓÚÏÂÁÐÄÄÒ»ÖÖ________ A. Ôö´ó B. ¼õС C. Ïàͬ D. ÎÞ·¨ÅÐ¶Ï 11. ÏÂÁÐÐðÊöÖÐÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ__________
A. º¬ÓжàÖÖÀë×ÓµÄÈÜÒºÖÐ,ÄÜÐγÉÈܶȻýСµÄ³ÁµíÕßÒ»¶¨ÏȳÁµí. B. C. D.
·²ÈܶȻý´óµÄ³ÁµíÒ»¶¨»áת»¯³ÉÈܶȻýСµÄ³Áµí. ijÀë×Ó³ÁµíÍêÈ«ÊÇÖ¸ÍêÈ«±ä³ÉÁ˳Áµí.
µ±ÈÜÒºÖÐÄÑÈܵç½âÖʵÄÀë×Ó»ýСÓÚÆäÈܶȻýʱ,¸ÃÄÑÈܵç½âÖʾͻáÈܽâ.
12. ÒÑÖªPbCl2,¡¢PbI2 ºÍPbSµÄÈܶȻý¸÷Ϊ1.6 ¡Á10-5¡¢ 7.1 ¡Á 10-9 ºÍ8.0 ¡Á10-28¡£ÓûÒÀ´Î¿´µ½°×É«PbCl2,¡¢»ÆÉ«PbI2 ºÍºÚÉ«PbS³Áµí£¬ÍùPb2+ÈÜÒºÖеμÓÊÔ¼ÁµÄ´ÎÐòÊÇ_____________
A¡¢Cl¡¢I¡¢S2
£
£
£
£
£
B¡¢S2¡¢Cl¡¢I
£
£
£
C¡¢I¡¢Cl¡¢S2
£
D¡¢S2¡¢I¡¢Cl
£
£
£
13. µ±Mg(OH)2¹ÌÌåÔÚË®Öн¨Á¢Æ½ºâʱ Mg(OH)2 = Mg2+ + 2 OH-
ΪʹMg(OH)2¹ÌÌåÁ¿¼õÉÙ,ÐèÒª¼ÓÈëÉÙÁ¿µÄ________ A. Na2S B. MgSO4 C. NH4NO3 D. NaOH 14. ijÈÜÒºÖк¬ÓÐKCl¡¢KBrºÍK2CrO4£¬Å¨¶È¾ùΪ0.010 mol.L-1
ÏòÈÜÒºÖÐÖðµÎ¼ÓÈë0.1 mol.L-1AgNO3ÈÜҺʱ£¬×îÏȺÍ×îºó³ÁµíµÄÊÇ¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ª A. AgBr ºÍAg2Cr2O4 B. Ag2CrO4 ºÍAgCl C. AgCl ºÍAgBr D. AgCl ºÍAg2CrO4
15. ÔÚº¬ÓÐCl-¡¢Br-¡¢I-¡¢CrO42-Àë×ÓµÄŨ¶È¾ùΪ0.012 mol.L-1µÄ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖУ¬Öð½¥¼ÓÈëAgNO3ÈÜҺʹÀë×Ó²úÉú
46
³Áµí£¬³ÁµíÎö³öµÄÏȺó´ÎÐòΪ_________(ÒÑÖªAgCl¡¢ AgBr¡¢AgI¡¢Ag2CrO4µÄÈܶȻý·Ö±ðΪ1.8 ¡Á 10-10¡¢5.0 ¡Á 10-13¡¢8.3 ¡Á10-17¡¢1.2 ¡Á 10-12)
A.
AgCl¡¢AgBr¡¢AgI¡¢Ag2CrO4
B. Ag2CrO4 ¡¢AgI¡¢ AgBr¡¢AgCl C. Ag2CrO4 ¡¢ AgBr¡¢AgI¡¢ AgCl D. AgI,¡¢AgBr¡¢AgCl,¡¢Ag2CrO4
16. ͬζÈϽ«ÏÂÁÐÎïÖÊÈÜÓÚË®³É±¥ºÍÈÜÒº,Èܽâ¶È×î´óµÄÊÇ____
A. AgCl (K?SP = 1.8 x 10-10) B. Ag2CrO4(K?SP = 1.1 x 10-12) C.Mg(OH)2(K?SP = 1.8 x 10-11) D.FePO4(K?SP = 1.3 x 10-22)
17. ÔÚ0.05 mol.L-1CuCl2ÈÜÒºÖеÎÈëH2SÖÁ±¥ºÍ [H2S] = 0.1 mol.L-1, ÈÜÒºÖвÐÁôµÄ[Cu2+]µÈÓÚ________ mol.L-1 A. 3.6 x 10-16 B. 6.3 x 10-18 C. 2.5 x 10-17 D. 6.3 x 10-19
(ÒÑÖª K?SP,CuS = 6.3 x 10-36 K×ÜH2S = 1.0 x 10-19 ) 18. ÓÐÒ»ÄÑÈܵç½âÖÊA2B,ÆäÈܽâ¶ÈΪS,ÔòK?SPÊÇ________ A. S3 B. 4S2 C. 2S3 D. 4S3
19.ÒÑÖªAgClºÍAg2CrO4µÄ. K?SP·Ö±ðΪ1.8 ¡Á10-10£¬1.1 ¡Á 10-12¡£Èôij»ìºÏÒºÖУ¬[Cl-] = [CrO42-] = 10-5 mol.L-1£¬
µ±¼ÓÈëAg+´ï104mol.L-1ʱ£¬Ôò»á·¢Éú_______
£
A. AgC lÏȳÁµí B. Ö»ÓÐAgCl³Áµí C. Ö»ÓÐAg2CrO4³Áµí D. ¶þÕß¶¼³Áµí
20. CaF2µÄ±¥ºÍÈÜÒºÖÐ[CaF2] = 2.0 ¡Á 10-4 mol.L-1£¬ÆäÖÐK?SPÒ»¶¨ÊÇ
________
A.
¶þ¡¢Ìî¿ÕÌâ
6.0 ¡Á10-2 B. 4.0 ¡Á10-8 C. 3.2 ¡Á 10-11 D. 8.0 ¡Á 10-12
1. Èç¹ûCaC2O4µÄK?SPΪ2.6 ¡Á 10-9£¬ÒªÊ¹Ã¿Éýº¬ÓÐ0.02mol¸ÆÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈµÄÈÜÒºÉú³É³Áµí£¬ËùÐèµÄ²ÝËá¸ùÀë×ÓŨ
¶ÈÊÇ_______________mol.L-1
47
2. PbI2ÔÚË®ÖеÄÈܽâ¶ÈΪ1.2 ¡Á 10-3 mol.L-1,ÆäK?SP = _____________, PbI2ÈÜÓÚ0.01 mol.L-1KIÈÜÒº,ÆäÈܽâ¶ÈΪ____________ mol.L-1.
3. ÔÚº¬ÓÐCl-¡¢Br-¡¢I-¡¢CrO42-Àë×ÓµÄŨ¶È¾ùΪ0.012 mol.L-1µÄ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖУ¬Öð½¥¼ÓÈëAgNO3ÈÜҺʹÀë×Ó²úÉú³Áµí£¬³ÁµíÎö³öµÄÏȺó´ÎÐòÊÇ_____________________________________________
(ÒÑÖªAgCl¡¢AgBr¡¢AgI¡¢Ag2CrO4µÄÈܶȻý·Ö±ðΪ1.8 ¡Á 10-10¡¢ 5.0 ¡Á 10-13¡¢ 8.3 ¡Á 10-17¡¢1.2 ¡Á 10-12.) 4. ÏÂÁÐÄÑÈܵç½âÖʵÄÈܶȻý³£Êý±íʾʽ·Ö±ðΪ
K?SP (BaS) =_______________, . K?SP (PbCl2) =_________________ . K?SP (Ag2CrO4) =________________. 5. AgClµÄÈܶȻýµÈÓÚ1.2 ¡Á 10-10£¬´ÓCl-Àë×ÓŨ¶ÈΪ6.0 ¡Á 10-3mol.L-1µÄÈÜÒºÖпªÊ¼Éú³ÉAgCl³ÁµíµÄAg+Àë×ÓŨ¶È(mol.L-1)ÊÇ______________.
6. ÍùÒøÑÎÈÜÒºÖÐÌí¼ÓHClʹAgCl³Áµí£¬Ö±µ½ÈÜÒºÖÐÂÈÀë×ÓµÄŨ¶ÈΪ0.20 mol.L-1Ϊֹ£¬ ÀíÂÛÉÏ´ËÊ±ÒøÀë×ÓµÄŨ¶ÈΪ____________________________________________
(ÒÑÖª K?SP (AgCl) =1.56 ¡Á 10-10).
7. Ïò0.05 mol.L-1µÄCuCl2ÈÜÒºÖÐͨÈëH2SÆøÌåÖÁ±¥ºÍ,Ôò¸ÃÈÜÒºµÄPH = __________.(H2SµÄKa1 = 9.1 ¡Á 10-8, Ka2 = 1.1 ¡Á 10-12, . K?SP (CuS) = 6.3 ¡Á 10-36).
8. Ó°Ïì·Ö²½³Áµí˳ÐòµÄÈýÒòËØÊÇ___________¡¢______________¡¢__________________ . Èý¡¢¼ÆËãÌâ
1. ½ñÓÐMnS³Áµí0.1mol£¬ÎÊÒªÓÃ1Éý¶àÉÙŨ¶ÈµÄHAC²ÅÄÜʹËüÈܽ⣿ £¨ÒÑÖª: KSP(MnS) =2.5 ¡Á 10-10 KHAC = 1.8 ¡Á 10-5 Ka1(H2S) = 1.32 ¡Á 10-7, Ka2(H2S) = 7.10 ¡Á 10-15 £©
2. ½«0.02 mol.L-1Ba2+ÈÜÒºÓë0.2 mol.L-1 HFÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬È»ºóµ÷½Ú»ìºÏÒºµÄPH = 1.0 £¨Éèµ÷PHֵʱÈÜÒºÌå»ý²»±ä£©
48
£¨1£©¡¢Í¨¹ý¼ÆËã˵Ã÷ÄÜ·ñÉú³ÉBaF2³Áµí¡£
£¨2£©¡¢Çó³öÄÜÉú³ÉBaF2³Áµí£¬¶øÓÖ²»ÖÁÉú³ÉBa(OH)2 µÄPH·¶Î§.
( KSP(BaF2) = 1.0 ¡Á 10-6, KSP(Ba(OH)2) = 5.0 ¡Á 10-3, Ka(HF) = 3.5 ¡Á 10-4).
3. ÔÚ0.50mol.L-1MgCl2ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëµÈÌå»ýµÄ0.1mol.L-1°±Ë®£¬ÎÊÊÇ·ñÄÜÉú³ÉMg(OH)2³Áµí? ÈôÔÚ´Ë0.1mol.L-1°±Ë®ÈÜÒºÖÐÔÙ¼ÓÈëNH4Cl(s)£¬Ê¹NH4ClµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈΪ0.020mol.L-1£¬ÎÊMg(OH)2ÄÜ·ñ³Áµí³öÀ´? ÈçÓУ¬ÐèÔÚÿÉý0.1mol.L-1°±Ë®ÖмÓÈë¶àÉÙ¹ÌÌåNH4Cl²ÅÄÜʹ Mg(OH)2²»³Áµí ?(¼ÓÈë¹ÌÌåºóÈÜÒºÌå»ý±ä»¯ºöÂÔ²»¼Æ)£¨ ÒÑÖª: KSP(Mg(OH)2 = 1.2 ¡Á 10-11, Kb(NH3.H2O)= 1.79 ¡Á 10-5, MNH4Cl = 53.5£©
4. µ±CaF2¹ÌÌåÈÜÓÚPH = 3.5µÄ»º³åÈÜÒº(²»º¬F-)´ïµ½Æ½ºâºó£¬²âµÃ[Ca2+] = 1.0 x 10-3 mol.L-1(¼ÙÉèÈÜÒºÖв»´æÔÚ
49
CaF+Àë×Ó)£¬ÇóCaF2µÄKSP¡£ (ÒÑÖª: Ka(HF) = 1.8 x 10-5)
5. ¼ÆËãÔÚ100ml 1.0 mol.L-1°±Ë®ÖÐÄÜÈܽâAgBrµÄ¿ËÊý¡£
µÚÆßÕ Ô×ӽṹ
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9¡¢Í¬Ò»Ö÷×åÔªËØµÄµÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜI£¬ÓÉÉϵ½ÏÂÖð½¥¼õС¡££¨ £©
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