you woring towards your goal?’ Basically, it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and…it’s not a very nice thing at time. It’s a hard business review of your product.”

Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life sills. “These ids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit bac. I don’t teach.” And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a worable solution to test in space. 32. What do we now about the bacteria in the International Space Station? A. They are hard to get rid of. C. They appear different forms.

33. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program? A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships. C. To allow students to eperience ero gravity.

B. To sharpen students’ communication sills. D. To lin space technology with school education B. They lead to air pollution. D. They damage the instruments.

34. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program? A. Chec their product. C. Adjust wor schedules. 35. What is the best title for the tet? A. NASA The Home of Astronauts. B. Space The Final Homewor Frontier. C. Nature An Outdoor Classroom. D. HUNCHA College Admission Reform.

【语篇解读】本文为说明文。本文介绍了HUNCH项目就是通过Gordon的学生找到如何杀死空间站的细菌这一技术，把空间技术与带进课堂，与学校教育相结合，从而最终影响到大学入学。 32.A

【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Bacteria are annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms form our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each wee.”可知，细菌对宇航员说是个令人讨厌的问题。这种自我们身体的微生物在国际空间站的表面不受控制地生长，宇航员每周要花几个小时清理它们。也就是说它们很难去掉。其中的“the microorganisms”包括“bacteria”。由此可知， A项符合题意。 33.D

【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的 “HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA

B. Guide project designs D. Grade their homewor.

engineers. Gordon’s students have been studying ways to ill bacteria in ero gravity,...”可知，Hunch旨在把高中教室和NASA的工程师联系起。Gordon的学生一直在研究如何在零重力下杀死细菌, ...”。结合最后一段中的“Gordon students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem,...”可知，学生每天都给NASA的工程师发邮件一起探讨（如何杀死空间站的细菌这一空间技术）这个问题。由此可推断出HUNCH program的目的把空间技术与学校教育相结合。分析选项可知D项符合题意。 34.A

【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year ,present it to NASA, ”“Engineers come and really do an in-person review，and ...It’s not a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review of your product.”可知，NASA的工程师要检查学生所做的产品。分析选项可知A项符合题意，故选A。 35.B

主旨大意题。文章以国际空间站里的微生物很难清除开头，引出宇航员们解决此问题的途径 —— 借助美国国家航空航天局的HUNCH高中班，此计划的目的是把航天技术与学校教育结合起。在这项计划里，学生们通过homewor（制作供美国国家航空航天局使用的产品）探索无疆的太空，因此“太空：最后的功课疆域”最适合做文章的标题。故选B。 3. 【2019·全国卷III，C】

Before the 1830smost newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citiens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taing place in the 1830s would change all that.

The trend, then, was toward the \It meant any inepensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.

This development did not tae place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy)to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830,but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer's office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unnown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny-usually two or three cents was charged-and some of the older well-nown papers charged five or si cents. But the phrase \fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.

This new trend of newspapers for \企业)were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It too a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling. 28. Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s? A. Academic.

B. Unattractive.

C. Inepensive.

D. Confidential.

29. What did street sales mean to newspapers? A. They would be priced higher. C. They could have more readers.

B. They would disappear from cities. D. They could regain public trust.

30. Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at? A. Local politicians. C. Young publishers.

31. What can we say about the birth of the penny paper? A. It was a difficult process. C. It was a robbery of the poor.

B. It was a temporary success. D. It was a disaster for printers. B. Common people. D. Rich businessmen.

【语篇解读】本文为说明文。文章叙述了“便士报纸”的诞生历史。 28.B

【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Before1830s，... Accordingly newspapers were read almost only by rich people. In addition ,most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding.”可知，在19世纪30年代之前,只有富人才能读报纸，而且大多数报纸中几乎没有能吸引大众的内容，让人感觉无聊，，视觉上令人望而却步。由此可得出那时的报纸没有什么吸引力。分析选项，A . Academic学术的；B. Unattractive没有吸引力， 无魅力的； C. Inepensive廉价的， D. Confidential不贵的；机密的，保密的。可知 A、C和D是错误的，只有B符合题意，故选B。 29.C

【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段提到“便士报纸”针对大众，很便宜的。更重要的是，在街上可以买的到报纸。 结合第三段中间的“streets sales of newspapers would be commonplaced in eastern cities”可知，报纸的街头销售随处可见。由此可推断出，街头销售意味读报纸的多了。分析选项可知C符合题，故选C。 30.B

【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The trend, then, was ‘penny paper’—a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.”可知，这种“便士报纸”针对大众的，在街上可以买的到报纸。分析选项可知，选项B符合题意，

故选B。 31.A

【解析】推理判断题。第二段“The trend, then, was ‘penny paper’”及最后一段“The new trend of newspapers for ‘the man on the street’ did not begin well. Some of the early ventures were immediately failures. Publishers already in business, people who owners of successful papers, had little desires to change the tradition. It too a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.”可知，“便士报纸”新趋势一开始并不好，一些早期的尝试立即失败了。已经进入商业领域的成功的出版商，并不想改变这一传统。后一些年轻而大胆的商人才推动了这件事。由此可推断出“便士报纸”的诞生是一个困难而曲折的过程。分析选项可知，A项符合题意，故选A。 5. 【2019·全国卷III，D】

Moneys seem to have a way with numbers.

A team of researchers trained three Rhesus moneys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the moneys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.

Here's how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the eperiment In their cages the moneys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For eample, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the moneys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this eample.

After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the moneys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memoriing the value of each combination.

When the team eamined the results of the eperiment more closely, they noticed that the moneys tended to underestimate(低估)a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing, for eample, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic When adding two numbers, the moneys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction(小部分)of the smaller number to it.

\this eperiment what they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.” 32. What did the researchers do to the moneys before testing them?