ÆäÖÐ 2224 cm-1 ( 4.50 ?m ) ÓÉ N ¡Ô N ÉìËõÕñ¶¯ÒýÆ𣻠1285 cm-1 ( 7.78 ?m ) ÓÉ N = 0 ÉìËõÕñ¶¯ÒýÆ𣻠579 cm-1 ( 17.27 ?m ) ÓÉÍäÇúÕñ¶¯ÒýÆðÈõÎüÊÕ·å 2563 cm-1 ( 3.90 ?m ) Ϊ 1285 cm-1 ·åµÄ±¶Æµ·å
2798 cm-1 ( 3.57 ?m ) Ϊ 2224 cm-1 ·åÓë 579 cm-1 ·åµÄºÍƵ·å¡£ 4. 5 ·Ö (4013)
[´ð] ʵ¼ÊÎüÊÕ·åÊýÄ¿±ÈÕý³£Õñ¶¯Ä£Ê½µÄÊýÄ¿ÉÙµÄÔÒòÖ÷ÒªÓÐÒÔϼ¸ÖÖ£º (1) ijЩÕñ¶¯²¢²»ÒýÆðż¼«¾Ø±ä»¯£¬ËüÃÇÊǷǺìÍâ»îÐԵģ»
(2) ÓÉÓڶԳƵÄÔµ¹Ê£¬Ä³¼¸ÖÖÕñ¶¯Ä£Ê½µÄƵÂÊÏàͬ£¬ÎÒÃdzÆÕâЩÕñ¶¯ÊǼò²¢µÄ£¬
Ö»Äܹ۲쵽һ¸öÎüÊշ壻
(3) ijЩÕñ¶¯µÄƵÂÊÊ®·Ö½Ó½ü£¬²»Äܱ»ÒÇÆ÷·Ö±æ£»
(4) ijЩÕñ¶¯ÒýÆðµÄºìÍâÎüÊÕºÜÈõ£¬µ±ÒÇÆ÷ÁéÃô¶È²»¹»Ê±²»±»¼ì³ö£»
(5) ijЩÕñ¶¯ÒýÆðµÄºìÍâÎüÊÕ³¬³öÖкìÍâ¹âÆ×ÒǵIJâÁ¿²¨³¤·¶Î§£¬²»±»¼ì³ö¡£
ÓÉÓÚ¿ÉÄÜ´æÔÚ±¶Æµ¡¢ºÏºÍƵºÍ²îƵÎüÊշ壬ËùÒÔ¿ÉÄܳöÏÖijЩ¸½¼ÓµÄÈõ·å£¬Ê¹Êµ¼ÊÎüÊÕ·åÊýÄ¿Ôö¶à¡£ 5. 5 ·Ö (4014)
[´ð] ÓÉÓÚ N2ÎÞºìÍâÎüÊÕ£¬ÕâÁ½¸öÎüÊÕ·åÒ»¶¨ÊÇ C=O µÄÕñ¶¯ÒýÆðµÄ¡£ÆäÖÐÇ¿ÎüÊÕ·å2143 cm-1 ( 4.67 ?m ) Ϊ»ùƵ£»ÈõÎüÊÕ·å 4260 cm-1 ( 2.35?m ) Ϊ±¶Æµ¡£ 6. 5 ·Ö (4020)
[´ð] ÔÚ 3500¡«3300 cm-1 ·¶Î§ÄÚÓÐÒ»Èõ¶ø¼âÈñµÄ N-H ÎüÊÕ£¬ÔÚ 3000¡«2700 cm-1·¶Î§ÄÚÓÉ CH3ºÍ CH2ÒýÆðµÄC-HÉìËõÎüÊÕ£¬ÔÚôÊ»ù·¶Î§£¨1900¡«1650 cm-1) ©ñ ÓÐ
CO ÎüÊÕ¡£
7. 5 ·Ö (4027)
[´ð] ¼ø±ðôÊ»ù»¯ºÏÎ¿ì¶øÓÐЧµÄ·½·¨ÊÇÓà IR ¹âÆ×·¨¡£²â¶¨¸Ãδ֪ÊÔÑùµÄ IR ¹âÆ×ͼ£¬È»ºó¹Û²ìÌØÕ÷ÎüÊÕ¡£
Èô 3300 ¡« 2500 cm-1 ÓÐÒ»¿íÎüÊÕ´øΪËá Èô 3500 cm-1 ×óÓÒÓÐÖÐÇ¿·å£¨»òµÈÇ¿¶ÈË«·å£©£¬Îªõ£°· Èô 1300 ¡« 1000 cm-1 ÓÐÖеÈÇ¿¶ÈÎüÊÕ£¬Îªõ¥ Èô 2850 ¡« 2750 cm-1 ÓÐÈõÎüÊÕ´ø£¬ÎªÈ© Èô 1810 ºÍ 1760 cm-1 ÓÐÁ½¸öÎüÊշ壬ΪËáôû ÈôÒÔÉÏÎåÖÖÇé¿ö¾ùÎÞ£¬ÎªÍª¡£ 8. 10 ·Ö (4041)
[´ð] ²»±¥ºÍ¶ÈΪ 5, 3500 ¡« 3000 cm-1 ȱÉÙÈκÎÌØÕ÷·å£¬·Ö×ÓÖÐÎÞ -OH »ù¡£Ô¼ÔÚ 1690 cm-1 ÓÐ ?(C=O) ÎüÊÕ´ø£¬¿ÉÄÜΪȩ¡¢Íª»òõ£°·£¬·Ö×ÓʽÖÐÎÞµª£¬²»¿ÉÄÜ Îªõ£°·£¬ÓÖÒò 2700 cm-1 ÎÞÈ©»ùµÄ úþ?(C=H)·å£¬¹Ê¸Ã»¯ºÏÎïΪͪÀà¡£ 3000 cm-1 ÒÔÉϼ° 1600£¬1580 cm-1 ±íʾ·Ö×ÓÖÐÓб½»·£¬¶ø 700 ¼° 750 cm-1 Á½·å˵Ã÷¸Ã»¯ºÏÎïΪµ¥È¡´ú±½£¬ÔÚ 2900 cm-1 ×óÓÒ¼° 1360 cm-1 ´¦µÄÎüÊÕ±íʾº¬ÓÐ -CH3»ù¡£ ×ÛÉÏËùÊö£¬¸Ã»¯ºÏÎïӦΪ
OCCH3
9. 5 ·Ö (4049)
[´ð]1745 cm-1 ÓÐÇ¿ÎüÊշ壬˵Ã÷ÓÐôÊ»ù ( C = O )
3000 ¡« 3100 cm-1£¬1600 cm-1£¬1500 cm-1 ÎÞÎüÊÕ£¬ËµÃ÷²»º¬±½»· 3000 ¡« 3100 cm-1ÎÞÎüÊÕ£¬ËµÃ÷²»º¬Ë«¼ü ( = C = C = )¡£
£33/40£
10. 5 ·Ö (4051)
[´ð] ÒÔÏÂÊÂʵ¿ÉÒÔÖ¤Ã÷´æÔÚ·¼Ïã»·£º
1. ? (C-H) ÎüÊÕ¾ùÔÚ 3000 cm-1 ÒÔÉÏ
2. ÔÚ 1620 cm-1£¬1500 cm-1 Óз¼Ï㻯ºÏÎïµÄ¹Ç¼ÜÕñ¶¯ ÒÔÉÏÏà¹Ø·å˵Ã÷ÊÇ·¼Ï㻯ºÏÎï
3. ÔÚ 700 cm-1 ¸½½üÓÐ C-H ÍäÇú£¨ÃæÍ⣩ǿÎüÊշ壬²¢ÇÒÔÚ 2000¡«1660cm-1 Ö®¼ä´æÔÚÓÐ C-H ÍäÇú·ºÆµÈõ·å¡£ 11. 5 ·Ö (4052)
[´ð]»·ÍªÀ໯ºÏÎËæ×Å»·ÕÅÁ¦µÄÔö¼Ó£¬úþ? (C =O) ÎüÊÕ´øÏò¸ßƵÒƶ¯¡£»¯ºÏÎï(a)É쵀 C=O λÓÚÁ½¸öÁùÔª»·Ö®Í⣬»·ÕÅÁ¦Ð¡ÓÚ (b)£¬Òò´Ë(a)»¯ºÏÎïµÄ ? (C =O)СÓÚ(b)»¯ºÏÎï¡£ 12. 5 ·Ö (4053)
[´ð] ? = 1/2 [ 6(4-2) + 10(1-2) + 2 ] = 2
3300 cm-1 ¸½½üΪ ¡ÔCH ÉìËõÕñ¶¯ÎüÊÕ·å
2900 cm-1 ¸½½üΪ CH3- CH2¡ªÉìËõÕñ¶¯ÎüÊÕ·å 2100 cm-1 ¸½½üΪ C¡ÔC ÉìËõÕñ¶¯ÎüÊÕ·å 1460 cm-1 ¸½½üΪ ¡ªCH2¡ªÍäÇúÕñ¶¯ÎüÊÕ·å 1380 cm-1 ¸½½üΪ ¡ªCH3ÍäÇúÕñ¶¯ÎüÊÕ·å
¾Ý´Ë¿ÉÍƶϸû¯ºÏÎï½á¹¹Îª CH3- (CH2)2CH2- C¡ÔCH (1 - ¼ºÈ²) 13. 5 ·Ö (4055)
[´ð] ? = 1/2 [ 7(4-2) + 6(1-2) + 1(2-2) + 2 ] = 5
£¾ 3000 cm-1 µÄÎüÊÕ·åΪ = CH µÄÉìËõÕñ¶¯ÎüÊÕ·å 2700 cm-1 ¸½½üΪµäÐ굀 C¡ªH ÎüÊÕ·å 1700 cm-1 ¸½½üΪC = O µÄÉìËõÕñ¶¯ÎüÊÕ·å
1600¡«1450 cm-1 Óм¸¸ö·åΪ±½»·¹Ç¼ÜÕñ¶¯ÎüÊÕ·å 690¡«750 cm-1 Óжþ¸öÎüÊÕ·åΪһȡ´ú±½ÌØÕ÷·å ¾Ý´Ë¿ÉÒÔÍƶϸû¯ºÏÎïΪ
CHO
, ( ±½¼×È© )
14. 5 ·Ö (4056)
OH [´ð] ÊÇ
Cl
ÒòΪ 3255 cm-1ÓÐÇ¿ÎüÊÕ˵Ã÷ÓÐ OH¡£ 1595, 1500 cm-1 ÓÐÎüÊÕ˵Ã÷Óб½»·¡£ 1700 cm-1 ÎÞÇ¿ÎüÊÕ£¬ËµÃ÷²»º¬ôÊ»ù ( C = O ) ËùÒÔ²»¿ÉÄÜÊÇ
ClCH2CH2CCH2CH3O
15. 5 ·Ö (4057)
[´ð] ÒòΪ¸Ã»¯ºÏÎï´æÔÚÈçÏ»¥±äÒì¹¹£º
CH3CCH2COC2H5O OCH3COHCHCOC2H5O
Òò´ËÔÚ IR Æ×ͼÉÏ£¬³ýÁ˳öÏÖ úþ?(C=C)ÎüÊÕ´øÍ⣬»¹Ó¦³öÏÖ úþ?(OH)ºÍúþ?(C=O)ÎüÊÕ£¬?(C=O)ÎüÊÕ´ø³öÏÖÔÚ 1650
£34/40£
cm-1£¬?(OH)úþÎüÊÕ´øÔÚÉú³ÉÇâ¼üʱ£¬¿ÉÒÆÖÁ3000 cm-1¡£ 16. 5 ·Ö (4076)
[´ð] ÔÚ¼üºÏ OH ÉìËõ·¶Î§ ( 3450 ¡« 3200 cm-1 ) ÓÐһǿÎüÊÕ£¬ÔÚ C - H ÉìËõ·¶Î§ (3000¡«2700 cm-1) ÓÐ CH3ºÍ CH2ÌØÕ÷Æ×´ø¡£ 17. 5 ·Ö (4124)
[´ð] úþ?1Ϊ HCl µÄ ?úþ ?2Ϊ DCl µÄ ?úþ
úþ?= (M1M2)/(M1+ M2) úþ?1/?2= [(35.5/36.5)/(71/37.5)] = 0.515 ¦Ò2/¦Ò1= (?1/?2)1/2 úþ¦Ò2=¦Ò1¡Á(?1/?2)1/2
úþ¦ÒDCl = 2886¡Á(0.515)1/2 = 2072 cm-1 18. 5 ·Ö (4125)
[´ð] 1. 3700 ¡« 3000 cm-1 úþ? (OH)
2. 3300 ¡« 3000 cm-1 úþ? (OH)(Ar-H)
3. 3000 ¡« 2700 cm-1 úþ? (OH)( H - C = O ) 4. 1900 ¡« 1650 cm-1 úþ? (C=O)
5. 1600 ¡« 1450 cm-1 úþ? ( = C = C = ) (Ar) 19. 5 ·Ö (4143)
[´ð] (1) ÏÈ·ÖÎö²»±¥ºÍ¶È, ˵Ã÷ÓÐË«¼ü´æÔÚ ¦¸ = 1/2 [ 3(4-2) + 6(1-2) + 1(2-2) + 2 ] = 1 (2) ·ÖÎöÌØÕ÷ÎüÊÕ·å
A. 3650¡«3100 cm-1 ÓÐÒ»¿í·å£¬ËµÃ÷ÓÐ O - H ÉìËõÕñ¶¯ B. 2900 cm-1 ÓÐһǿÎüÊÕ·å˵Ã÷Óб¥ºÍ C - H ÉìËõÕñ¶¯ C. 1680 cm-1 ÓÐÒ»ÖÐÇ¿·å˵Ã÷ÓÐ C = C ÉìËõÕñ¶¯
D. 1450 cm-1 ÓÐÒ»´óÇÒÇ¿ÎüÊÕ·å˵Ã÷ CH3»ò CH2´æÔÚ E. 1300¡«1000 cm-1 ÓÐÈý¸ö·å˵Ã÷ÓÐ C - O ÉìËõÕñ¶¯ F. 900 cm-1 ×óÓÒÓзåΪ = CH2ÃæÍâÒ¡°ÚÎüÊÕ·å (3) ¾ÝÉÏÃæ·ÖÎöµÃ³öÕâÊÇ CH2= CH - CH2OH (Ï©±û´¼) (²»»áÊDZûÏ©´¼£¬ÒòΪÒÒϩʽ´¼¾ù²»Îȶ¨) 20. 5 ·Ö (4149)
[´ð](1) ÓУ¬ (2) ÎÞ£¬ (3) ÓУ¬ (4) ÎÞ 21. 5 ·Ö (4153)
[´ð] (1) ¼ÆËã²»±¥ºÍ¶È
? = [ 12(4-2) + 11(1-2) + 1(3-2) + 2 ] = 8 (2) ·ÖÎöÌØÕ÷·å
A. 3400 cm-1 ¸½½üÓÐÓÎÀëµÄ -NH ÎüÊշ壨ÈçΪ -NH2ÔÚ 1650 - 1560 cm-1 Ó¦Óзå¶øÆ×ͼÉÏûÓÐÕâ¸ö·å£¬¹Ê·ñ¶¨£©
B. 3030 cm-1 ¸½½üÓз¼»·²»±¥ºÍ C - H ÉìËõÕñ¶¯
C. 1600 ¡« 1450 cm-1 Óб½»·µÄÌØÕ÷ÎüÊշ壨 C = C ¹Ç¼ÜÕñ¶¯Ö®ÎüÊÕ·å £© D. 690£¬740 cm-1 ÓнÏÇ¿·å˵Ã÷Ϊ±½»·Ö®Ò»È¡´ú·å (3) ¾ÝÉÏÃæ·ÖÎö¿É³õ²½¶Ï¶¨Îª
HN£¨¶þ±½°·£©
22. 5 ·Ö (4384)
[´ð]·Ö×ÓÕñ¶¯Äܼ¶µÄԾǨµÄÄÜÁ¿Óë·ùÉäÄÜ?E=h?Ï൱, ÇÒ·Ö×ÓÖиÃÕñ¶¯·½Ê½±ØÐë¾ßÓкìÍâ»îÐÔ; ¼´Ë²Ê±Å¼¼«¾Ø·¢Éú±ä»¯ 23. 5 ·Ö (4387)
[´ð]¸µÀïÒ¶±ä»»ºìÍâ¹âÆ×ÒÇÓÉÒÔϼ¸²¿·Ö×é³É£º
ºìÍâ¹âÔ´, ¸ÉÉæ¼Æ, ÊÔÑùÊÒ, ¼ì²âÆ÷, µç×Ó¼ÆËã»ú(¸µÀïÒ¶±ä»»), ¼Ç¼ÒǵÈ. 24. 5 ·Ö (4388)
£35/40£
[´ð]3000¡«2500cm-1 ¿í·åΪôÈËáÖеÄOH 2960¡«2850cm-1ÎüÊÕ·å ÓÐC-H(-CH3, CH2,CH)
1740¡«1700cm-1 ôÈËáÖеÄC=O 1475¡«1300cm-1 ÓÐC-H(-CH3, CH2,CH)
ËùÒÔÊÇ CH3CH2COOH ±ûËá 25. 5 ·Ö (4389) [´ð]3-¼×»ùÎìÍé,
CH3CH2CHCH2CH3CH
3 775cm-1ÒÒ»ùµÄÍäÇúÕñ¶¯Òª×¢Òâ 26. 5 ·Ö (4390)
[´ð]B±ÈAÆ×ͼ¼òµ¥
(1) AÔÚ3300¡«3000cm-1ÓÐC-H(C=C-H)ÉìËõÕñ¶¯ÎüÊÕ·å BûÓÐ (2) AÔÚ1675¡«1500cm-1´¦ÓÐC=CÉìËõÕñ¶¯ÎüÊÕ·å BûÓÐ 27. 5 ·Ö (4391)
[´ð] (1)AÔÚ3300¡«3000cm-1ÓÐC-H (Ar-H) ÉìËõÕñ¶¯ÎüÊÕ·å BÔÚ3000¡«2700cm-1ÓÐC-H(
CH2)ÉìËõÕñ¶¯ÎüÊÕ·å
(2) AÔÚ1675¡«1500cm-1Óб½»·µÄ¹Ç¼ÜÕñ¶¯? (C=C) BûÓÐ
(3) AÔÚ1000¡«650cm-1Óб½C-HµÄ±äÐÎÕñ¶¯ÎüÊÕ·å BÔÚ1475¡«1000cm-1ÓÐC-H±äÐÎÕñ¶¯ÎüÊÕ·å 28. 5 ·Ö (4392)
[´ð]CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH=CH2
ÎüÊշ岨Êý·¶Î§(/cm-1) ÒýÆðÎüÊյķå (1) 3300¡«3000 ?(C-H) (C=C-H) (2) 3000¡«2700 ?(C-H )(-CH3, CH2)
(3) 1675¡«1500 ?(C=C) (4) 1475¡«1300 ?(C-H) (5) 1000¡«650 ?(C-H) (
CCH)
29. 5 ·Ö (4393)
[´ð](1) AÔÚ1900¡«1650cm-1ÓÐÁ½¸öC=OÉìËõÕñ¶¯ÎüÊÕ·å(Õñ¶¯µÄżºÏ)£¬¸öC=OÉìËõÕñ¶¯ÎüÊÕ·å
(2) BµÄC=OÎüÊÕ·åÔÚ²¨Êý¸ßµÄλÖ㬠CÔòÔÚ²¨ÊýÏà¶Ô½ÏµÍµÄλÖà 30. 5 ·Ö (4394)
[´ð] AÆ×ͼ±ÈBÆ×ͼ¼òµ¥ (1) A²»³öÏÖC CµÄÉìËõÕñ¶¯ÎüÊÕ·å, ÒòΪż¼«¾ØûÓб仯
BÔÚ2400¡«2100cm-1´¦ÓÐC CÉìËõÕñ¶¯µÄÎüÊÕ·å
£36/40£
B, CÔÚ1900¡«1650cm-1Ö»ÓÐÒ»