disguise

C. Colors unique to animals

【答案】61. D 62. C 63. C 64. B 【解析】 【分析】

这是一篇科普类阅读。这篇文章主要讲了彩虹色有助于生物隐藏。 【61题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段A good disguise keeps you hidden, right? Well, sometimes the best disguise is actually the most dazzling because research reveals that flashy metallic iridescence(金属彩虹色) can visually puzzle predators, which allows colorful prey to survive another day.可知彩虹色被动物用来通过逃离捕食者而活得更久，排除A；根据第三段Here I would like to point out that in some species, particularly those that display strong sexual dimorphism(雌雄两性), such as birds of paradise or some butterflies or fishes, the occurrence of iridescence is most likely driven by sexual selection.（在这里我想指出的是，在某些物种中，尤其是那些表现出强烈两性差异的物种，比如天堂鸟、孔雀，甚至在某些蝴蝶或鱼类中，彩虹色的出现很可能是由性别选择所驱动的。）可知动物用彩虹色引起同伴的注意，排除B；根据倒数第二段The idea that eye-catching colors could be used as a cover-up isn't a new one.（引人注目的颜色可以用来伪装，这种想法并不新鲜），排除C，故选D。 【62题详解】

细节理解题。答案定位在最后一段It seemed that the strikingly iridescent surfaces on our targets visually broke up the otherwise recognizable shape of the targets, which made them hard to distinguish.（似乎我们的目标上惊人的彩虹表面在视觉上打破了原本可以辨认的目标形状，这使得它们很难区分。）故选C。 【63题详解】

推理判断题。文章最后一段说研究人员目前正在对鸟类进行实验，这些鸟类的饮食中经常含有彩虹色的昆虫。实验目的是看看鸟类的视角是否能提供帮助。由此推断接下来一段会谈论 为什么鸟类不受彩虹色昆虫的影响，故选C。 64题详解】

主旨大意题。第一段Well, sometimes the best disguise is actually the most dazzling because research reveals that flashy metallic iridescence(金属彩虹色) can visually puzzle predators, which allows colorful prey to survive another day.（有时，最好的伪装其实是

D. Shining colors as a sexual strategy

最耀眼的伪装，因为研究表明，闪光的金属彩虹色能在视觉上迷惑捕食者，这让五颜六色的猎物能够再存活一天）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了彩虹色有助于生物隐藏，故选B。

【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第3小题，文章最后一段说研究人员目前正在对鸟类进行实验，这些鸟类的饮食中经常含有彩虹色的昆虫。实验目的是看看鸟类的视角是否能提供帮助。由此推断接下来一段会谈论 为什么鸟类不受彩虹色昆虫的影响，故选C。

D

American families are accustomed to settling in faraway places, which has been a national phenomenon. Decades of data, including a more recent Gallup study, characterizes the US as one of the most geographically mobile countries in the world. “About one in four US adults(24 percent) has reported moving within the country in the past five years.” the reported noted. With the exception of Finns(23 percent) and Norwegians(22 percent), Americans move considerably more than their European peers.

Though some may move for love or family, the major reason why Americans choose to move around is, unsurprisingly, related to work. Citing data from the Current Population Survey, a post on the blog of the New York Fed noted that between 1998 and 2013, “slightly more than half of interstate(州际的) migrants said they moved for employment-related reasons—a category that includes moves undertaken for new jobs, job transfers, and easier commutes(通勤).”

The seeking of opportunity, particularly for an immigrant nation, is a national mythology(神话) as well as an emotional attachment to work. A new working paper analyzed by Ben Steverman at Bloomberg suggests that workers in the US now “put in almost 25 percent more hours than Europeans” in a given year. This figure has steadily risen since the 1970s, when the hours logged by workers in Western Europe and the US were roughly the same.

There are, of course, some internal factors. The US is much vaster than most European countries, plus it boasts(拥有) a common language. It is considered to be a sign of an efficient labor market that US workers can be persuaded to move to regions where there is a steady growth in jobs, such as the Sun Belt in recent years. And while American workers

often have fewer labor protections than their European counterparts, as a report by the World Bank noted in 2012, American “labor laws give employers the power to fire, hire, or relocate(重新安置) workers according to their needs”， a flexibility that is thought to aid economic growth. The World Band report added that the occupation of the average US employee in 2006 was 4 years, compared to 10 years in the European Union.

Nevertheless, while Americans remain excessively mobile, FaithKarahan and Darious Li at the New York Fed are the latest to note that US workers are moving around less than before. During the 1980s, 3 percent of working-age Americans relocated to a different state each year; that figure had been cut in half by 2010. “While part of the decline can be attributed to the Great Recession，” the authors suggest, “this___65___phenomenon took place over the course of several decades and is not necessarily related to the economic conditions.”

So what accounts for this phenomenon? A round-up of theories by Brad Plumer at The Washington Post included the aging of the US workforce, the further rise of two-income households, the burdens of real estate, evolving workplace culture, as well as the flat line of wages, which makes moving away for a job, on average, a less rewarding financial proposition.

Karahan and Li put much stock in the effects of an aging workforce, to which they attribute at least half of the decline in interstate migration. “In short, a young individual today is moving less than a young person did in the 1980s because of the higher presence of older workers，” they write, suggesting that employers have shifted their employment tactics(策略) to adapt to the changing demographics(人口统计数据) of the workforce. Needless to say, movies about this era in American life, in which fewer people set out to start lives in wide-ranging places, will probably be much less exciting. 65. According to the passage, in the past five years, Americans have moved ________. A. relatively less than the British C. slightly more than Norwegians

B. less frequently than Italians D. considerably more than Finns

66. What can we infer from Paragraphs 2 and 3?

A. Americans choose to move mainly for work and family. B. Americans have a very strong interest in work.

C. Americans invested more time in work than Europeans in 1975.

D. Americans tended to move to Europe between 1998 and 2013.

67. Which of the following is NOT the reason why American workers move more than their European peers?

A. There is a common language in the US.

B. The US is much vaster than most European countries.

C. American labor laws give employers more freedom to deal with them. D. They are offered more efficient labor protections.

68. The underlined part “this phenomenon” in Paragraph 5 refers to ________. A. the Great Recession

B. the decline of working-age Americans' interstate migration C. the reduction in the number of working-age Americans D. Americans' tendency to remain mobile

69. How do American employers deal with the aging workforce according to the passage? A. By sticking to their previous policies.

B. By adjusting to it.

C. By improving their employees' job skills. D. By raising employment standard. 70. As to the current situation of Americans migration, the author might feel ________. A. curious

B. strange

C. confused

D. disappointed

【答案】65. C 66. B 67. D 68. B 69. B 70. D 【解析】

这是一篇议论文阅读。文章主要讲了美国家庭习惯于在遥远的地方定居，这已成为一个全国性的现象，作者对造成这一现象的原因进行了分析。 【65题详解】

细节理解题。答案定位在第一段About one in four US adults(24 percent) has reported moving within the country in the past five years.” the reported noted. With the exception of Finns(23 percent) and Norwegians(22 percent), Americans move considerably more than their European peers.可知在过去的五年里，美国人的移民人数略多于挪威人，故选C。 【66题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段Though some may move for love or family, the major reason why Americans choose to move around is, unsurprisingly, related to work.（尽管有些人搬家是为了爱情或家庭，但毫无疑问，美国人选择搬家的主要原因与工作有关。）根据第三段The seeking of opportunity, particularly for an immigrant nation, is a national mythology(神话) as