m=
mf3
∵ mf?[??] n?fi2 ∴ m=
3n (14) b =
a150.11?sinB=?sin45?10?=122.43 sinAsin60?24? lnb=lna-lnsinA+lnsinB
dbdacosAdAcosBdB??? basinAsinBdbdadAdB??ctg60?24??ctg45?10? baρ?ρ?0.052015?0.56808??0.99420? K=
150.11206265206265 微分后得:
K=0.00033+0.00006+0.00007=0.00046 K= mb/b=1/2174
(15)解:1. L=4a mS=4m=±12(mm) 2. L=a1+a2+a3+a4
mL=√4m=±6(mm)
(16) D=l2?h2=302?2.302=29.912米
1ln(l2?h2) 2dDldl?hdh?2 微分后得: 2Dl?hlh222 转为中误差得:mD?(ml)?(mh)
DD302.30?0.005)2?(?0.04)2 =(29.91229.912 lnD=
=0.000025+0.000009=0.000034
mD =±0.0058m
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(17)解: m总=±934=±12(mm) 设水准路线线长D km
12D≤24 ∴ D≤(
242
)=4(km) 12
VV 9mm 25 4 25 9 4 [VV]=76 (18)
序 号 1 2 3 4 5 6 观 测 值L 256.565 256.563 256.570 256.573 256.571 256.566 L=256.568 V -3mm -5 +2 +5 +3 -2 [V]=0 精度评定:观测值中误差:m=±3.9mm 算术平均值中误差:M=±1.6mm (19)解: (a) mА/DA=1/3521 mB/DB=1/4010
(b)∑D= DA + DB ΔD= DA - DB
m∑2=mА2+ mΒ2 m∑ =±0.05m mΔD =±0.05m
两段距离之和与之差中误差的相对中误差均为 m∑/(DА+ DB)=1/5223
(20) m终=83mβ=835=±14.1″
n≤(m终/mβ)2=(18/5) 2 =12.9 最多设13个转折角
(21)M=
mn=
95=±4.0″ n≥(
m29)=()2 =6.6 M3.5n=7测回
(22)h=100.08tg15°30′00″+1.48-1.00=28.23米 mh2=(tgα3mD)2+(D3sec2α3mα/ρ″) 2+mi2+mv2 =(tg15°30′00″30.05) 2+
(100.083sec215°30′00″320/206265) 2+(0.01) 2 +(0.01) 2
=0.000192+0.0001092+0.0001+0.0001=0.000501m 2
mh =±0.022m (23) (a)fβ=Σβ-540°
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