Unit 1

Text comprehension

I. B II. TTFFT III. Omitted

IV.

1. ... Britain has been in too long a period of stillness without taking any particular action

against the enemy!

2. ... we are sure to experience both Triumph and Disaster, and we must treat them as the same thing taking different appearances because they are essentially interchangeable. 3. ... never give in unless we are convinced that it is honorable and sensible for us to do so.

4. Other nations thought that Britain was completely conquered.

5. ... we willwin as long as we hold on to the end.

Vocabulary exercises

I.

1. gladden my heart; 2. situation, circumstances; 3. threat; 4. splendid, heroic;

5. sudden small movement because of pain or fear

II.

1. put... through; 2. addressed himself to; 3. was going through; 4. Throwing our minds

back to

5. yielded to; 6. close our account; 7. ups and downs; 8. Misfortunes

III.

1. catastrophically; 2. deceptive; 3. convictions; 4. apparently; 5. Perseverance; 6. desperation; 7. unflinchingly; 8. Courageous

IV. CDADB ACA

V.

1. threat (danger); 2. happy (successful); 3. position; 4. seemingly;

5. defeat (failure); 6. retreat (shrink, withdraw); 7. praise (commend, laud); 8. Destroy

VI.

1. currrent; 2. shown; 3. frequently; 4. depressed; 5. try harder; 6. takes in

Grammar

I.

1. The school teaches shorthand, bookkeeping and the use of business machines. 2. The sentence is difficult to understand not because of the technical vocabulary but

because of the faulty syntax.

3. Marian could not decide whether to start college right after high school or to get a job

first.

4. The Allies decided to invade Italy and then to launch a massive assault on the

Normandy coast.

5. The actor was stunned not only by the noise of booing but also by the sight of flying

tomatoes.

6. Smoking cigarettes can be as dangerous as playing Russian roulette.

7. The trip to the city is neither long nor expensive.

8. You must either stay home or go with us.

9. The course consists of several lectures, three written reports, and two impromptu oral

presentations.

10. The requirements for a chemistry degree are not as strict as the requirements/those for

a medical degree.

II.

1. Heidi Ross was both rich and powerful.

2. Most of the floggings and lynchings occur at harvest time, when fruit hangs heavy and ripe, when the leaves are red and gold, when nuts fall from the trees, when the earth offers

its best.

3. I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat.

4. Black people in America have been neglected and underestimated for years, but their recent accomplishments in a variety of fields have made “black power” real and black

pride possible.

5. New students will register on Monday; second-year students will register on Tuesday,

and senior students will register on Wednesday.

6. The actor taught his students how to read, how to stand, how to cry and how to talk with

fans.

7. We cannot be worried about or terrified of the difficulties in life. 8. The factory workers were ready, able, and determined to do a great job.

III. BDDCC CAB

IV.

1. Secretaries do not want flowers but the recognition of their abilities to help management to get more done at less cost, thus contributing to profitability. They would, therefore, like

to be recognized as professional coworkers.

2. In Medieval times intelligent men frequently became priests. They did so to gain influential positions, for, in spite of the number of bishops from royal families, the Church

was democratic institution in which ability could make its way.

3. I miss the open fire now that most houses have central heating. Central heating provides

warmth but it does not provide a focal point in a room, which depresses me.

V.

have run/have been running; began; has taken; takes; returned; was; became; screamed;

left/were leaving; have never seen

Translation

I.

1. 但我们必须学会同样善于应付短暂而干脆与漫长而艰难的局面。

2. 人们普遍认为英国人最终总是会胜出的。 3. 其他国家认为英国输得一无所有了。

4. 一年前，我们孤军作战，许多国家都以为我们被彻底打败了。

II.

1. I had arranged for them to meet each other at the pub but the young man never turned

up.

2. You cannot tell merely from appearance whether things will turn out unfavourable to us

or not.

3. The soldier, who stood in the gap in every battle, gained the highest honors of the

country.

4. The chairman spoke so forcefully that the rest of the committee yielded to his opinion.

5. They are well-to-do now, but along the way they had their ups and downs. 6. There are two questions to which I will address myself in this lecture.

7. We are planning a big Christmas party in your honor. 8. Hearing that tune threw my mind back to my childhood.

III.

他们告诉我们，我们很弱小，无法对付如此强大的敌人。但是，我们什么时候才能强大一些呢？是下个星期吗？是明年吗？是我们完全被解除武装之时吗？犹豫不决、无所作为就能使我们积聚力量吗？难道只有仰面而卧、心存幻想，直至让敌人捆住我们的手脚，我们才能找到有效的抵御办法吗？先生们，假如我们适当地运用造物主赋予我们的力量，我们就不弱小。我们拥有300万为争取神圣自由而武装起来的人民，我们拥有这样的国家，这是敌人可能派遣来的任何军队都无法战胜的。战争的胜利不仅仅属于强者，胜利还属于警觉的人、主动的人、无畏的人。先生们，我们已别无选择。即使我们卑躬屈膝，指望从战争中脱身，也为时已晚。除了屈服，沦为奴隶，我们没有退路！战争已迫在眉睫——让它到来吧！先生们，请允许我重

复一遍：让它到来吧！ Exercises for integrated skills

II.

(1) since; (2) Not; (3) in; (4) against; (5) After; (6) so; (7) of; (8) to; (9) British; (10) before