2015年普通高等学校 招生全国统一考试（安徽卷）

In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The 36 is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 37 because peopleare throwing out more rubbish than ever before.

How did we 38 a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to 39 an object than to spend time and money to repair it. 40 modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and 41 .

Another cause is our42 of disposable (一次性的) products.As 43 people,we are always looking for 44 to save time and make our lives easier. Companies 45 thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.

Our appetite for new products also 46 to the problem. We are 47 buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that 48 is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we 49 useful possessions to make room for new ones. All around the world, we can see the 50 of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To 51 the amount of rubbish and to protect the 52 , more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 53 , this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.

Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions 54 throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about 55. Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment. 36. A. key 37. A. gifts 38. A. face 39. A. hide

B. reason B. rubbish B. become B. control B. As to B. funny B. lack B. kind B. places

C. project C. debt C. observe C. replace

D. problem

D. products D. change D. withdraw D. Regardless of

40. A. Thanks to 41. A. safe 42. A. love

C. Except for C. cheap

D. powerful

D. division D. busy D. friends

C. prevention C. brave C. jobs

43. A. sensitive 44. A. ways

45. A. donate B. receive 46. A. adapts B. returns 47. A. tired of

C. produce C. responds

D. preserve D. contributes

B. addicted to C. worried about D. ashamed for

D. larger D. throw away D. consequences D. measure D. brands D. Meanwhile D. instead of D. advertising

48. A. newer B. stronger 49. A. pick up

B. pay for

C. higher

C. hold onto

50. A. advantages B. purposes 51. A. show B. record

C. functions

C. decrease

52. A. technology B. environment C. consumers 53. A. However B. Otherwise 54. A. by

B. in favour of

C. Therefore C. after

55. A. spending B. collecting 【答案】

C. repairing

36. D 37. B 38. B 39. C 40. A 41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. C 【解析】

试题分析：文章主要讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的影响。随着社会的发展，人们倾向于扔掉用旧了的东西，以新物品取而代之。而且，包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时，也给环境带来很大的压力。

36. D 考查名词辨析。A答案；B原因；C项目；D问题。根据第二行“the world...”可知，出现的问题是垃圾堆积如山，故选D。

37. B 考查名词辨析。A礼物；B垃圾；C债务；D产品。句意：因为人们现在扔掉很多垃圾，因此，垃圾堆积成了山，故选B。

38. B 考查动词辨析。句意：A面对；B变得；C观察，庆祝；D改变。根据“first of all...”可知，这里讲的是乱扔垃圾的原因，故选B。

39. C 考查动词辨析。A躲藏；B控制；C代替；D撤退，收回。句意：与花时间和钱修理相比，现在更容易更换物品，故选C。

40. A 考查短语辨析。A多亏；B至于；C除了；D不管。句意：多亏了当代制造业和技术，公司能够更快地生产产品，成本也降低很多，故选A。

51. C 考查动词辨析。A显示，展示；B记录；C减少；D测量。句意：越来越多的政府要求人们循环使用物品，这样做是为了减少垃圾，故选C。

52. B 名词辨析。A技术；B环境；C消费者；D品牌。要求人们循环利用也是为了保护环境，故选B。

53. A 考查副词辨析。A然而；B要不然；C因此；D同时。句意：然而，只是要求人们循环利用是远远不够的，故选A。

54. D 考查介词辨析。A通过；B支持；C在......之后；D代替，而不是。句意：我们需要修理我们的财物，而不是扔掉它们，故选D。

55. C 考查动词辨析。A花费，度过；B收集；C修理；D宣传。句意：我们也需要重新考虑对修理的态度，根据下句“repairing...”可知答案，故选C。 考点：社会类短文阅读

2015年普通高等学校 招生全国统一考试（福建卷）

One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. However, life can be 36 when you are not busy finding fault with it.

Several years ago I 37 a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder, almost always 38 by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and 39 was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really 40 person.

Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her 41 Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash. What made it almost 42 to deal with was that the day before the 43 , Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 44 of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to 45 It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 46 her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to 47 everything so harshly ( 刻薄) . She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 48 as well.

Perhaps most of us aren't as extreme at fault-finding, 49 when we're honest, we can be sharply 50 of the world. I'm not suggesting you 51 problems, or that you pretend things are 52 than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are— 53 most of the time, and especially when it's not a really big 54 .

Train yourself to \your tongue\, and with a little 55, you'll get really good at letting things go. And when you do, you'll get back your enthusiasm and love for life. 36. A. lonely

B. greatC. quietD. uneasy

37. A. received B. answered C. expected D. rejected 38. A. threatened

B. interrupted

C. bothered I). spoiled

D. nothing

39. A. anything B. everything 40. A. caring

B. boring

C. something

C. interesting D. surprising

41. A. attitude B. plan C. measure D. explanation 42. A. urgent

B. unnecessary C. certain

D. impossible

43. A. occasion B. event 44. A. memory B. notice

C. accident D. adventure C. evidence D. choice