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C. the complementary nature of their economies and competition for the same world markets for their agricultural exports *D. all of the above

15. The formation of a free trade area among the countries of Eastern Europe is advocated in order to: A. restore trade trading

*B. retain the traditional trade links that can be justified on market principles C. reduce the need for structural change D. none of the above

思考题：

建立关税同盟对成员国和非成员国有何短期和长期影响？

为什么我国一方面积极加入WTO,另一方面也积极参加各种区域一体化组织？这两种类型的一体化关系如何？

为什么关税同盟理论是次优理论的一个例子？

在什么情况下关税同盟的形成更可能导致贸易创造和增加福利？

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Chapter 11: International Trade and Economic Development Multiple-choice Question:

1. According to traditional trade theory, a developing nation should export the commodity:

A. of its comparative advantage

B. that it can produce relatively more efficiently C. intensive in the nation's relatively abundant factor *D. all of the above

2. Which of the following is false with respect to traditional trade theory? A. it can incorporate changes in factor endowments and technology B. it leads to the best allocation of resources at any point in time *C. it is a dynamic theory

D. it is based on comparative advantage

3. According to Nurkse, international trade was an engine of growth for: *A. the regions of recent settlements during the 19th century B. regions of recent settlements during the 20th century

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C. developed nations during the 19th century D. developed nations during the 20th century

4. Trade cannot be an engine of growth for today’s developing nations because: A. the income elasticity for many their exports is less than 1 B. the development of synthetic substitutes

C. technical advances reduced the raw-material content of many products *D. all of the above

5. If the price of a nation’s exports and imports both rise, the nation’s commodity terms of trade: A. improve B. deteriorate C. remain unchanged *D. any of the above

6. The nation’s commodity terms of trade times the productivity index in its export sector gives the nation’s:

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A. income terms of trade B. double factoral terms of trade *C. single factoral terms of trade D. barter terms of trade

7. When a nation’s commodity terms of trade deteriorate and its single factoral terms of trade improve, the nation’s welfare: A. falls *B. rises

C. remains unchanged D. any of the above

8. Developing nations often experience wildly fluctuating export prices for their primary products because of:

A. inelastic and stable demand and supply B. elastic and unstable demand and supply *C. inelastic and unstable demand and supply D. elastic and stable demand and supply

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