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A. an activist policy by the government of an industrial country to stimulate the development of an industry

B. the granting of a subsidy to a domestic industry to stimulate the development of an industry

C. the granting of a subsidy to a domestic industry to counter a foreign subsidy *D. all of the above

11. Game theory refers to:

*A. a method of choosing the optimal strategy in conflict situations B. the granting of a subsidy to correct a domestic distortion C. the theory of tariff protection D. none of the above

12. Trade protection in the United States is usually provided to: A. low-wage workers

B. well-organized industries with large employment C. industries producing consumer products *D. all of the above

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13. The most-favored-nation principle refers to:

*A. extension to all trade partners of any reciprocal tariff reduction negotiated by the U.S. with any of its trade partners B. multilateral trade negotiation

C. the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade D. the International Trade Organization

14. On which of the following principles does GATT rest? A. nondiscrimination

B. elimination of nontariff barriers

C. consultation among nations in solving trade disputes *D. all of the above

15. Which of the following was not negotiated under the Uruguay Round? A. reduction of tariffs on industrial goods B. replacement of quotas with tariffs

C. reduction of subsidies on industrial products and on agricultural exports

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*D. liberalization in trade in most services

思考题：

进口关税和进口配额的经济效应有何不同？

为什么说WTO允许采用的贸易救济措施，如“两反两保”也是贸易保护主义行为？

我国为什么是全球反倾销的最大受害国？如何应对？

我国面临的反补贴措施的最近情况如何？对我国有何影响？如何应对？ Chapter 10: Economic Integration: Customs Unions and Free Trade Areas Multiple-choice Questions:

1. Which of the following statements is correct?

*A. In a customs union, member nations apply a uniform external tariff

B. in a free-trade area, member nations harmonize their monetary and fiscal policies

C. within a customs union there is unrestricted factor movement

D. a customs union is a higher form of economic integration than a common market

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2. A customs union that allows for the free movement of labor and capital among its member nations is called a: A. preferential trade arrangement B. free-trade area *C. common market D. all of the above

3. A trade-creating customs union is one where:

A. lower-cost imports from outside the customs union are replaced by higher-cost imports from a union member

*B. some domestic production in a member nation is replaced by lower-cost imports from another member nation

C. trade among members increases but trade with nonmembers decreases D. trade among members decreases while trade with nonmembers increases

4. A trade-diverting customs union:

A. increases trade among union members and with nonmember nations B. reduces trade among union members and with nonmember nations

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