?a1+a9?×9
故S9==9a5=54.
2答案:54
8.对于数列{an},定义数列{an+1-an}为数列{an}的“差数列”,若a1=2,{an}的“差数列”的通项公式为2n,则数列{an}的前n项和Sn=________.
解析:∵an+1-an=2n,
∴an=(an-an-1)+(an-1-an-2)+…+(a2-a1)+a1 =2
n-1
+2
n-2
2-2n
+…+2+2+2=+2=2n-2+2=2n.
1-2
2
2-2n1n+1
∴Sn==2-2.
1-2
+
答案:2n1-2
+
?1?
9.已知等比数列{an}中,a1=3,a4=81,若数列{bn}满足bn=log3an,则数列?bb?的
?nn+1?
前n项和Sn=________.
a4--
解析:设等比数列{an}的公比为q,则=q3=27,解得q=3.所以an=a1qn1=3×3n1
a1
=3n,故bn=log3an=n,
1111所以==-.
bnbn+1n?n+1?nn+1
?1?111111n则数列?bb?的前n项和为1-+-+…+-=1-=. 223nn+1n+1n+1?nn+1?
答案:
n
n+1
10.(20xx·唐山统考)在等比数列{an}中,a2a3=32,a5=32. (1)求数列{an}的通项公式;
(2)设数列{an}的前n项和为Sn,求S1+2S2+…+nSn. 解:(1)设等比数列{an}的公比为q,依题意得
?a1q2=32,?a1q·?解得a1=2,q=2, 4
?a1q=32,?
故an=2·2n1=2n.
-
(2)∵Sn表示数列{an}的前n项和, 2?1-2n?∴Sn==2(2n-1),
1-2
∴S1+2S2+…+nSn=2[(2+2·22+…+n·2n)-(1+2+…+n)]=2(2+2·22+…+n·2n)-n(n+1),
设Tn=2+2·22+…+n·2n,①
则2Tn=22+2·23+…+n·2n1,②
+
①-②,得
-Tn=2+2+…+2-n·2∴Tn=(n-1)2n1+2,
+
2nn+1
2?1-2n?++
=-n·2n1=(1-n)2n1-2,
1-2
∴S1+2S2+…+nSn=2[(n-1)2n1+2]-n(n+1)
+
=(n-1)2n2+4-n(n+1).
+
11.(20xx·长春调研)已知等差数列{an}满足:a5=9,a2+a6=14. (1)求{an}的通项公式;
(2)若bn=an+qan(q>0),求数列{bn}的前n项和Sn.
??a1+4d=9,解:(1)设数列{an}的首项为a1,公差为d,则由a5=9,a2+a6=14,得?
?2a1+6d=14,??a1=1,?
解得?所以{an}的通项an=2n-1.
?d=2,?
(2)由an=2n-1得bn=2n-1+q2n1.
-
当q>0且q≠1时,Sn=[1+3+5+…+(2n-1)]+(q1+q3+q5+…+q2n1)=n2+
-
q?1-q2n?;
1-q2当q=1时,bn=2n,则Sn=n(n+1). 所以数列{bn}的前n项和
n?n+1?,q=1,??
Sn=?2q?1-q2n?
n+,q>0,q≠1.2?1-q?
212.(20xx·“江南十校”联考)若数列{an}满足:a1=,a2=2,3(an+1-2an+an-1)=2.
3(1)证明:数列{an+1-an}是等差数列;
11115
(2)求使+++…+>成立的最小的正整数n.
a1a2a3an2解:(1)由3(an+1-2an+an-1)=2可得:
22
an+1-2an+an-1=,即(an+1-an)-(an-an-1)=,
33
42
故数列{an+1-an}是以a2-a1=为首项,为公差的等差数列.
33422
(2)由(1)知an+1-an=+(n-1)=(n+1),
333
21
于是累加求和得an=a1+(2+3+…+n)=n(n+1),
33
111
∴=3?n-n+1?, an??
111135∴+++…+=3->,∴n>5, a1a2a3ann+12∴最小的正整数n为6.
1.已知数列{an}的前n项和Sn=n2-6n,则{|an|}的前n项和Tn=( ) A.6n-n2
2??6n-n?1≤n≤3?C.?2 ??n-6n+18?n>3?
B.n2-6n+18
2
??6n-n ?1≤n≤3?D.?2 ??n-6n ?n>3?
解析:选C ∵由Sn=n2-6n得{an}是等差数列,且首项为-5,公差为2. ∴an=-5+(n-1)×2=2n-7, ∴n≤3时,an<0,n>3时,an>0,
2
??6n-n?1≤n≤3?,∴Tn=?2
?n-6n+18?n>3?.?
2.(20xx·成都二模)若数列{an}满足a1=2且an+an-1=2n+2n1,Sn为数列{an}的前n
-
项和,则log2(S2 012+2)=________.
解析:因为a1+a2=22+2,a3+a4=24+23,a5+a6=26+25,….所以S2 012=a1+a2+a3+a4+…+a2 011+a2 012
=21+22+23+24+…+22 011+22 012 2?1-22 012?2 013
==2-2.
1-2
故log2(S2 012+2)=log222 013=2 013. 答案:2 013
3.已知递增的等比数列{an}满足:a2+a3+a4=28,且a3+2是a2,a4的等差中项. (1)求数列{an}的通项公式;
1
(2)若bn=anlogan,Sn=b1+b2+…+bn,求Sn.
2解:(1)设等比数列{an}的首项为a1,公比为q. 依题意,有2(a3+2)=a2+a4, 代入a2+a3+a4=28,得a3=8. ∴a2+a4=20.
3????q=2,?a1q+a1q=20,?q=2,
??∴解得或?2
?a3=a1q=8,???a1=2,?
1
?a1=32.
又{an}为递增数列,
??q=2,∴?∴an=2n. ??a1=2.
1(2)∵bn=2n·log2n=-n·2n,
2
∴-Sn=1×2+2×22+3×23+…+n×2n.①
∴-2Sn=1×22+2×23+3×24+…+(n-1)×2n+n×2n1.②
+
①-②得Sn=2+22+23+…+2n-n·2n1
+
2?1-2n?+=-n·2n1
1-2=2n1-n·2n1-2.
+
+
∴Sn=2n1-n·2n1-2.
+
+
1.已知{an}是公差不为零的等差数列,a1=1,且a1,a3,a9成等比数列. (1)求数列{an}的通项; (2)求数列{2an}的前n项和Sn.
1+2d1+8d解:(1)由题设知公差d≠0,由a1=1,a1,a3,a9成等比数列得=,
11+2d解得d=1或d=0(舍去), 故{an}的通项an=1+(n-1)×1=n. (2)由(1)知2an=2n, 由等比数列前n项和公式得
2?1-2n?n+1
Sn=2+2+2+…+2==2-2.
1-2
2
3
n
3
2.设函数f(x)=x3,在等差数列{an}中,a3=7,a1+a2+a3=12,记Sn=f(an+1),令
?1?
bn=anSn,数列?b?的前n项和为Tn.
?n?
(1)求{an}的通项公式和Sn; 1
(2)求证:Tn<.
3
解:(1)设数列{an}的公差为d,由a3=a1+2d=7,a1+a2+a3=3a1+3d=12,解得a1
=1,d=3,则an=3n-2.
3
∵f(x)=x3,∴Sn=f(an+1)=an+1=3n+1. (2)证明:∵bn=anSn=(3n-2)(3n+1),