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计算机专业英语（第四版）课后习题答案
Unit 1
[Ex 1] 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. T 6. T 7. T 8. T 9. T 10. F
[Ex 2] 1. input, storage, processing, and output 2. power; speed; memory
3. central processing unit 4. internal; primary; memory
5. keyboard; central processing unit; main memory; monitor [Ex 3] A. 1. F 2. D 3. G 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. E 8. H
B. 1. user 2. monitor 3. data 4. keyboard 5. data processing 6. information 7. computer 8. memory
[Ex 4] 1. input device 2. screen, screen 3. manipulates 4. instructions 5. retrieve
6. code 7. hard copy 8. Function [Ex. 5] 新处理器开始IT技术的新时代
New Processors Open New Era of IT Technologies
Last week, Intel introduced to the public in Russia and other CIS countries a family of processors Intel Xeon E5-2600. They are more powerful and reliable and, importantly, are very economical in terms of energy consumption. Their presence opens a new era in the field of IT technologies and means that the cloud technology is getting closer.
These processors are primarily designed for servers, data centers (DPC) and supercomputers. The emergence of this class of devices is not accidental. According to the regional director of Intel in Russia and other CIS states Dmitri Konash who spoke at the event, the market of IT-technology is developing so rapidly that, according to forecasts, by 2015 there will be 15 billion devices connected to the Internet, and over 3 billion of active users.
上周，英特尔公司向俄罗斯和其它独联体国家的公众推出了英特尔Xeon E5-2600系列处理器，它们更加强大可靠，尤其是在能量消耗方面更加经济实惠。它们的问世意味着IT技术领域开始了一个新时代，标志着云技术距离我们越来越近。
这些处理器主要是为服务器、数字处理中心和超级计算机设计的。这种处理器的出现并非偶然。根据英特尔公司俄罗斯和其他独联体地区负责人Dmitri Konash就此事发表的看法，IT技术市场的发展速度极快，根据预测，到2015年与英特网连接的设施将有150亿，用户超过30亿。
[Ex 6] 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T 6. F 7. T 8. F
Unit 2
[Ex 1] 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T 6. T 7. T 8. F [Ex 2] 1. sizes, shapes, processing capabilities
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2. supercomputers, mainframe computers, minicomputers, microcomputers 3. mainframe computer 4. microcomputers, storage locations 5. protables, laptop computers/notebook/palm-sized computer. desktop workstations 6. semiconductor 7. CPU, memory, storage, devices, processing, users 8. microprocessor chip
[Ex 3] A. 1. C 2. A 3. H 4. I 5. E 6. F 7. G 8. B
B. 1. capacity 2. device 3. laptop computer 4. Portable computers
5. Silicon 6. semiconductor 7. workstation 8. voltage 9. RAM 10. ROM
[Ex 4] 1. portable 2. access 3. main memory 4. sophisiticated programs 5. processing capability 6. instructions 7. computation 8. computer professional [Ex 5] 平板电脑
Tablet Computer
A tablet computer, or simply tablet, is a one-piece, mobile version of a personal computer, primarily operated by touchscreen (the user's finger essentially functions as the mouse and cursor, removing the need for the physical [i.e., mouse & keyboard] hardware components necessary for a desktop or laptop computer; and, an onscreen, hideable virtual keyboard is integrated into the display). Available in a variety of sizes, even the smallest's touchscreens are much larger than those of a smart phone or personal digital assistant. A tablet computer may be connected to a keyboard with a wireless link or a USB port. Convertible notebook computers have an integrated keyboard that can be hidden by a swivel joint or slide joint, exposing only the screen for touch operation. Hybrids have a detachable keyboard so that the touch screen can be used as a stand-alone tablet. Booklets include dual-touchscreens, and can be used as a notebook by displaying a virtual keyboard in one of them.
Notes:
cursor [?k?:s?] n. 光标 swivel [?swiv?l] n. 旋轴；旋转接头 detachable [di?t?t??bl] adj. 可拆开的 stand-alone adj. 独立运行的
hybrids= hybrid computer混合计算机 booklet [?buklit] n. 笔记本式平板电脑
平板电脑，也叫平板，是个人计算机的一款，可移动，是一个整体。平板电脑主要依靠触屏操作（用户的手指发挥了鼠标和光标的作用，替代了台式和膝上电脑必须的物理硬件[即鼠标和键盘]。还有一个与显示器整合的可隐藏的屏幕虚拟键盘）。平板电脑型号多种，即使是最小的触屏也比智能手机或个人数字助理的屏幕大多了。可以用无线连接或USB插口给平板电脑连接一个键盘。可旋转笔记本电脑可以通过一个旋转铰链或一个滑动铰链把集成的键盘隐藏起来，仅仅在需要触摸时显示。混合型计算机配有一个可拆分的键盘，这样触屏可以当作一个单独的平板电脑使用。笔记本平板电脑包括两个触屏，在其中一个触屏上显示虚拟键盘就可以作为笔记本使用。
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[Ex 6] 1. T 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. F 6. T 7. F 8. T 9. F 10. T 11. F 12. T
13. T 14. T
Unit 3
[Ex 1] 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. T 6. T 7. F 8. F 9. T 10. F 11. T 12. F
13. F 14. T 15. F [Ex 2] 1. microprocessor 2. bus 3. register 4. control unit 5. processor 6. binary 7. arithmetic, logical 8. milliseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds.
9. instruction 10. execution 11. megahertz 12. wordsize
[Ex 3] A. 1. F 2. A 3. J 4. C 5. D 6. E 7. H 8. I 9. B 10. G
B. 1. Storage 2. chip 3. registers 4. ALU 5. bus 6. control unit
7. machine language 8. binary system 9. bits 10. computer program
[Ex 4] 1. configuration 2. converts 3. data buses 4. characters 5. decodes 6. synchronize 7. circuitry 8. internal clock [Ex. 5]
Bus Systems Supporting Multiple Peripherals
As the number of potential peripherals grew, using an expansion card for every peripheral became increasingly impossible. This has led to the introduction of bus systems designed specifically to support multiple peripherals. Common examples are the SATA ports in modern computers, which allow a number of hard drives to be connected without the need for a card. However, these high-performance systems are generally too expensive to implement in low-end devices, like a mouse. This has led to the parallel development of a number of low-performance bus systems for these solutions, the most common example being Universal Serial Bus. All such examples may be referred to as peripheral buses, although this terminology is not universal.
Notes:
1. Serial ATA (SATA) is a computer bus interface for connecting host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives and optical drives. 2. Universal Serial Bus USB
支持多种外接设备的总线系统
随着外接设备数量的不断增加，想用扩展卡来应付每一种外围设备越来越不现实了，这就产生了设计专门支持多种外接设备的总线系统。通常的例子就是现代计算机上的SATA接口，这就允许很多硬盘驱动器不需要卡就可以同计算机连接起来。但是把这些高性能系统用于低端设备，如鼠标等就很不合算。这就导致同时开发很多低性能的总线系统解决方案，最常见的例子就是UBS接口。所有这些例子都可以称作外接设备总线，尽管这个术语还没有普遍通用。
[Ex 6] 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T 6. F 7. T 8. T 9. T 10 F
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Unit 4
[Ex 1] 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. T 5. F 6. T 7. F 8. T 9. T 10. T 11. F 12. T
13. F 14. T 15. T 16. F 17. F 18. T 19. F 20. T 21. F 22. T 23. F 24. T 25. F
[Ex 2] 1. main memory 2. RAM 3. diskettes/floppy disks; hard disks 4. chips 5. parity 6. expanded, extended 7. monochrome 8. cache 9. ROM 10. updated
[Ex 3] A. 1. B 2. E 3. C 4. J 5. I 6. H 7. A 8. F 9. G 10 D
B. 1. secondary storage 2. buffer 3. access 4. code 5. diskette
6. slots 7. terminals 8. motherboard 9. bytes 10. screen
[Ex 4] 1. desktop 2. software 3. animation 4. transferred 5. sophisticated
6. compatible 7. cache 8. upgrade [Ex 5]
USB flash drive
A USB flash drive is a data storage device that includes flash memory with an integrated Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface. USB flash drives are typically removable and rewritable, and physically much smaller than a floppy disk. Most weigh less than 30 g. As of September 2011, drives of up to 256 gigabytes (GB) are available. Storage capacities as large as 2 terabytes are planned, with steady improvements in size and price per capacity expected. Some allow up to 100,000 write/erase cycles, depending on the exact type of memory chip used, and a 10 year shelf storage time. USB flash drives are often used for the same purposes for which floppy disks or CD-ROMs were used, i.e., for storage, back-up and transfer of computer files. They are smaller, faster, have thousands of times more capacity, and are more durable and reliable because they have no moving parts. Until about 2005, most desktop and laptop computers were supplied with floppy disk drives, but floppy disk drives have been abandoned in favor of USB ports.
Notes
912
GB: gigabyte 吉字节 10 字节； terabyte TB 太字节，10 字节
USB闪驱
USB闪驱是一种数据存储设备，它包含带有一个集成的通用串行总线（USB）接口 。USB闪驱通常可以移动并可以重写，其尺寸要比软盘小得多，大多数的重量不到30克。从2011年9月始，市场就出现256 GB的U盘。2太字节的U盘在筹划之中，估计U盘大小会更加合理，价格也更合适。有的U盘允许写/擦10万个循环，这取决于存储芯片的型号，储存寿命可以达到10年时间。
USB闪驱与软盘或CD-ROM的目的相同，就是为了计算机文件的存储、备份和转移。因为它们没有移动部件，所以体积更小，速度更快，拥有数千倍的容量，更加持久可靠。到2005年，大部分台式和膝上电脑还都配备软驱，但是软驱因为USB插口而被淘汰。
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