考纲要求的120个重点文言实词及例句翻译

1．爱 ................................................................................................................................................................. 3 2．安 ................................................................................................................................................................. 4 3．被 ................................................................................................................................................................. 4 4．倍 ................................................................................................................................................................. 5 5．本 ................................................................................................................................................................. 5 6．鄙 ................................................................................................................................................................. 6 7．兵 ................................................................................................................................................................. 6 8．病 ................................................................................................................................................................. 6 9．察 ................................................................................................................................................................. 7 10．朝 ............................................................................................................................................................... 7 11．曾 ............................................................................................................................................................... 8 12．乘 ............................................................................................................................................................... 8 13．诚 ............................................................................................................................................................... 9 14．除 ............................................................................................................................................................... 9 15．辞 ............................................................................................................................................................... 9 16．从 ............................................................................................................................................................. 10 17．殆 ............................................................................................................................................................. 10 18．当 ............................................................................................................................................................. 11 19．道 ............................................................................................................................................................. 12 20．得 ............................................................................................................................................................. 12 21．度 ............................................................................................................................................................. 13 22．非 ............................................................................................................................................................. 14 23．复 ............................................................................................................................................................. 14 24．负 ............................................................................................................................................................. 15 25．盖 ............................................................................................................................................................. 15 26．故 ............................................................................................................................................................. 16 27．固 ............................................................................................................................................................. 17 28．顾 ............................................................................................................................................................. 17 29．归 ............................................................................................................................................................. 18 30．国 ............................................................................................................................................................. 18 31．过 ............................................................................................................................................................. 19 32．何 ............................................................................................................................................................. 19 33．恨 ............................................................................................................................................................. 20 34．胡 ............................................................................................................................................................. 20 35．患 ............................................................................................................................................................. 20 36．或 ............................................................................................................................................................. 21 37．疾 ............................................................................................................................................................. 21 38．及 ............................................................................................................................................................. 22 39．即 ............................................................................................................................................................. 22 40．既 ............................................................................................................................................................. 23 41．假 ............................................................................................................................................................. 23 42．间 ............................................................................................................................................................. 24 43．见 ............................................................................................................................................................. 25

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44．解 ............................................................................................................................................................. 25 45．就 ............................................................................................................................................................. 26 46．举 ............................................................................................................................................................. 26 47．绝 ............................................................................................................................................................. 27 48．堪 ............................................................................................................................................................. 28 49．克 ............................................................................................................................................................. 28 50．类 ............................................................................................................................................................. 28 51．怜 ............................................................................................................................................................. 29 52．弥 ............................................................................................................................................................. 29 53．莫 ............................................................................................................................................................. 29 54．乃 ............................................................................................................................................................. 30 55．内 ............................................................................................................................................................. 30 56．期 ............................................................................................................................................................. 31 57．奇 ............................................................................................................................................................. 31 58．迁 ............................................................................................................................................................. 32 59．请 ............................................................................................................................................................. 32 60．穷 ............................................................................................................................................................. 33 61．去 ............................................................................................................................................................. 33 62．劝 ............................................................................................................................................................. 34 63．却 ............................................................................................................................................................. 34 64．如 ............................................................................................................................................................. 34 65．若 ............................................................................................................................................................. 35 66．善 ............................................................................................................................................................. 35 67，少 ............................................................................................................................................................. 36 68．涉 ............................................................................................................................................................. 37 69．胜 ............................................................................................................................................................. 37 70．识 ............................................................................................................................................................. 38 71．使 ............................................................................................................................................................. 38 72．是 ............................................................................................................................................................. 39 73．适 ............................................................................................................................................................. 39 74．书 ............................................................................................................................................................. 40 75．孰 ............................................................................................................................................................. 40 76．属 ............................................................................................................................................................. 40 77．数 ............................................................................................................................................................. 41 78．率 ............................................................................................................................................................. 42 79．说 ............................................................................................................................................................. 42 80．私 ............................................................................................................................................................. 43 81．素 ............................................................................................................................................................. 43 82．汤 ............................................................................................................................................................. 43 83．涕 ............................................................................................................................................................. 44 84．徒 ............................................................................................................................................................. 44 85．亡 ............................................................................................................................................................. 44 86．王 ............................................................................................................................................................. 45 87．望 ............................................................................................................................................................. 45 88．恶 ............................................................................................................................................................. 46 89．微 ............................................................................................................................................................. 46 90．悉 ............................................................................................................................................................. 47

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91．相 ............................................................................................................................................................. 47 92．谢 ............................................................................................................................................................. 48 93．信 ............................................................................................................................................................. 49 94．兴 ............................................................................................................................................................. 50 95．行 ............................................................................................................................................................. 50 96．幸 ............................................................................................................................................................. 51 97．修 ............................................................................................................................................................. 52 98．徐 ............................................................................................................................................................. 52 99．许 ............................................................................................................................................................. 52 100．阳 ........................................................................................................................................................... 53 101．要 ........................................................................................................................................................... 53 102．宜 ........................................................................................................................................................... 54 103．遗 ........................................................................................................................................................... 54 104．贻 ........................................................................................................................................................... 55 105．易 ........................................................................................................................................................... 55 106．阴 ........................................................................................................................................................... 55 107．右 ........................................................................................................................................................... 56 108．再 ........................................................................................................................................................... 56 109．造 ........................................................................................................................................................... 57 110．知 ........................................................................................................................................................... 57 111．致 ........................................................................................................................................................... 57 112．质 ........................................................................................................................................................... 58 113．治 ........................................................................................................................................................... 59 114．诸 ........................................................................................................................................................... 59 115．贼 ........................................................................................................................................................... 59 116．族 ........................................................................................................................................................... 60 117．卒 ........................................................................................................................................................... 60 118．走 ........................................................................................................................................................... 61 119．左 ........................................................................................................................................................... 61 120．坐 ........................................................................................................................................................... 62

1．爱，ài

（1）名词，恩惠

及子产卒，仲尼闻之，出涕曰：“古之遗爱也。”（《左传·昭公二十年》） ——等到子产死去，孔子听说这件事后，流着眼泪说：“他是古代为我们留下来的恩惠啊。” （2）动词 ①给人恩惠

吴广素爱人，士卒多为用者。（《史记·陈涉世家》） ——吴广平素给人恩惠，士兵有很多肯为他所用。 ②喜爱

爱其子，择师而教之。（韩愈《师说》） ——喜爱他的儿子，选择良师教他们。 ③怜惜，同情

爱其二毛，则如服焉。（《左传·子鱼论战》）

——怜惜那些鬓发斑白的老人，还不如向他们投降。 ④吝惜，舍不得

齐国虽褊小，我何爱一牛？（《孟子·齐桓晋文之事》）

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——齐国虽然不算广大富裕，但我怎么会吝惜一头牛呢？ ⑤通“薆”，隐蔽，躲藏 爱而不见，搔首踟蹰。（《诗经·邶风·静女》） ——躲藏起来不见面，（急得我）抓耳挠腮来回走。 （3）形容词，吝啬 百姓皆以王为爱也。（《孟子·齐桓晋文之事》） ——百姓都认为您是吝啬啊。 2．安，ān （1）形容词 ①安全，平安 谢庄遂安。（《冯婉贞》） ——谢庄于是就安全了。 ②安稳

风雨不动安如山。（《茅屋为秋风所破歌》） ——在风雨中像大山一样安稳。 ③安定，舒适

不患寡而患不均，不患贫而患不安。（《季氏将伐颛臾》）

——不担忧（东西）少而担忧分配得不均匀，不担忧贫穷而担忧社会不安定。 （2）动词 ①安身

衣食所安，弗敢专也，必以分人。（《左传·曹刿论战》）

——使人安身立命的衣物食品，不敢独自占有，一定拿出来分给别人。 ②安置

离山十里有王平安营。（《三国演义·失街亭》） ——离山十里有王平在那里安置营地。 ③抚慰，安抚

若备与彼协心，上下齐同，则宜抚安，与结盟好。（《资治通鉴·赤壁之战》） ——如果刘备和（刘表的儿子及部将）那些人同心协力，上下一致，就应该加以抚慰，和他们结成同盟好友。 ④使??安定 既来之，则安之（《季氏将伐颛臾》）

——使他们到来之后，就要使他们安定下来。 ⑤安心

予出官二年，恬然自安。（《琵琶行》）

——我调出京城做官二年来，感到坦然安心。 （3）疑问代词，怎么，哪里 臣死且不避，卮酒安足辞？（《史记·鸿门宴》） ——我对死尚且不躲避，一杯酒哪里值得推辞呢？ 3．被，读音一：bèi （1）名词，被子

外人颇有公孙布被之讥。（《训俭示康》） ——外面很有一些人讥笑您，（说您）就像公孙弘盖布被子一样（做假骗人）。 （2）动词 ①覆盖

大雪逾岭，被南越中数州。（《答韦中立论师道书》） ——大雪飘过岭南，覆盖了南越一带好几个州。 ②遭受

世之有饥穰，天之行也，禹汤被之矣。（《论积贮疏》）

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