Unit 1 Great scientists
Teaching aims
1. To help students learn to describe people
2. To help students learn to read a narration about John Snow 3. To help students better understand “Great scientists”
4. To help students learn to use some important words and expressions
5. To help students identify examples of “The Past Participle (1) as the Predicative & the
attribute”
Period 1 Warming up and reading
Teaching Procedures I. Warming up
Step I Lead in
Talk about scientist.
T: Hi, morning, class. Nice to see you on this special day, the day when you become a senior two grader. I am happy to be with you helping you with your English. Today we are to read about a certain scientist. But first let’s define the word “scientist”. What is a scientist?
A scientist is a person who works in science, trying to understand how the universe or other things work.
Scientists can work in different areas of science. Here are some examples: Those that study physics are physicists. Those that study chemistry are chemists. Those that study biology are biologists. Step II Ask the students to try the quiz and find out who knows the most.
T: There are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world. Can you name some of them? What kind of role do they play in the field of science? Do these achievements have anything in common? Match the inventions with their inventors below before you answer all these questions.
1. Archimedes, Ancient Greek (287-212 BC), a mathematician.
2. Charles Darwin, Britain (1808-1882). The name of the book is Origin of Species. 3. Thomas Newcomen, British (1663-1729), an inventor of steam engine. 4. Gregor Mendel, Czech, a botanist and geneticist.
5. Marie Curie, Polish and French, a chemist and physicist. 6. Thomas Edison, American, an inventor. 7. Leonardo da Vinci, Italian, an artist.
8. Sir Humphry Davy, British, an inventor and chemist.
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9. Zhang Heng, ancient China, an inventor. 10. Stepper Hawking, British, a physicist. II. Pre-reading Step I
Get the students to discuss the questions on page 1 with their partners. Then ask the students to report their work. Encourage the students to express their different opinions.
1. What do you know about infectious diseases? Infectious diseases can be spread to other people. They have an unknown cause and need public health care to solve them. People may be exposed to infectious disease, so may animals, such as bird flu，AIDS, SARS are infectious diseases. Infectious diseases are difficult to cure.
2. What do you know about cholera? Cholera is the illness caused by a bacterium called Vibrio cholerae. It infects people’s intestines(肠), causing diarrhea and leg cramps (抽筋).The most common cause of cholera is by someone eating food or drinking water that has been contaminated(污染) with the bacteria. Cholera can be mild(不严重的) or even without immediate symptoms(症状), but a severe case can lead to death without immediately treatment. 3. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research?
Anybody might come out with a new idea. But how do we prove it in scientific research? There are seven stages in examining a new idea in scientific research. And they can be put in the following order. What order would you put the seven in? Just guess.
Find a problem→ Make up a question→ Think of a method→ Collect results→ Analyse the results→ Draw a conclusion→ Repeat if necessary III. Reading
Step I Pre-reading
1. Do you know John Snow?
John Snow is a well-known doctor in the 19th century in London and he defeated “King Cholera”.
2. Do you know what kind of disease is cholera?
It is a kind of terrible disease caused by drinking dirty water and it caused a lot of deaths in the old times and it was very difficult to defeat.
Let’s get to know how Dr. John Snow defeated “King Cholera” in 1854 in London in this reading passage:
Step II Skimming找教案 http://www.zhaojiaoan.com
Read the passage and answer the questions. 1. Who defeats “King Cholera“? (John Snow) 2. What happened in 1854? (Cholera outbreak hit London.) 3. How many people died in 10 days? (500)
4. Why is there no death at No. 20 and 21 Broad Street as well as at No. 8 and 9 Cambridge
Street?
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(These families had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump.) (Optional)
Skim the passage and find the information to complete the form below.
Who John Snow When What 1854 How Result helping Examining the source of “King Cholera” ordinary all water supplies and defeated people finding new methods of exposed to dealing with polluted cholera waster
Step III Scanning
Read the passage and number these events in the order that they happened. 2 John Snow began to test two theories.
1 An outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854. 4 John Snow marked the deaths on a map.
7 He announced that the water carried the disease.
3 John Snow investigated two streets where the outbreak was very severe. 8 King Cholera was defeated.
5 He found that most of the deaths were near a water pump. 6 He had the handle removed from the water pump.
Step IV Main idea and correct stage找教案 http://www.zhaojiaoan.com
Read the passage and put the correct stages into the reading about research into a disease.
John Snow Defeats “King Cholera” Paragraph 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Stages Find a problem: What cause the cholera? Make up a question: Which is right? Think of a method: Test two theory Collect results: Mark the death Analyze the results: Find the resource of the water Find supporting evidence Draw a conclusion General ideas The causes of cholera The correct or possible theory Collect data on where people were ill and died and where they got their water Plot information on a map to find out where people died or did not die Look into the water to see if that is the cause of the illness Find other evidences to confirm his conclusion The polluted dirty source of drinking water was to blame for the cause of the London cholera
Step V Group discussion
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Answer the questions (Finish exercise 2 on Page 3)
1. John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?
(John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.)
2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?
(No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.)
3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?
(Two diseases, which are similar today, are SARS and AIDS because they are both serious, have an unknown cause and need public health care to solve them.)
Step VI Using the stages for scientific research and write a summary.
Period 2&3 Language focus
Step I Warming up 1. characteristic
① n. a quality or feature of sth. or someone that is typical of them and easy to recongnize.
特征；特性
What characteristics distinguish the Americans from the Canadians.
② a. very typical of a particular thing or of someone’s characer 典型性的， Such bluntness is characteristic of him. Windy days are characteristic of March.
[辨析]characteristic与character找教案 http://www.zhaojiaoan.com characteristic是可数名词，意为“与众不同的特征“
character表示（个人、集体、民族特有的）“性格、品质”，还意为“人物；文字”
What you know about him isn’t his real character.
2. put forward: to state an idea or opinion, or to suggest a plan or person, for other people to consider提出
He put forward a new theory.
The foreigners have put forward a proposal for a joint venture.
An interesting suggestion for measuring the atmosphere around Mars has been put forward. ☆ put on穿上;戴上;增加 put out熄灭(灯);扑灭 (火) put up with…忍受 put down写下来;放下； put off 耽误; 延期 put up建立; 建造, put up举起，搭建，粘贴
3. analyze: to examine or think about something carefully in order to understand it vt.分析结果、检讨、细察
A computer analyses the photographs sent by the satellite.
The earthquake expert tried to analyze the cause of the earthquake occurred on May 12,2008. Let’s analyze the problem and see what went wrong.
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