C) Sleeping patterns of mothers greatly affect theirnewborn babies' health.
D) Sleeping with infants in the same room has a negativeimpact on mothers.
【详解】D)。细节推断题。短文中明确指出，根据以色列的研究，只要与婴儿在同一间屋内休息，不论是不是同睡一张床，都会对母亲的睡眠产生负面影响。
11. What does the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendmothers do?
A) Change their sleep patterns to adapt to their newbornbabies'.
B) Sleep in the same room but not in the same bed as theirbabies.
C) Sleep in the same house but not in the same room astheir babies.
D) Take precautions to reduce the risk of sudden infantdeath syndrome.
【详解】B)。事实细节题。短文结尾部分提到，美国儿科学会建议母亲不要与婴儿睡在同一张床上，但是要睡在同一个房间。
Mothers have been warned for years that sleeping withtheir newborn infant is a bad idea because it increases the riskthat the baby might die unexpectedly during the night. But nowIsraeli researchers are reporting that even sleeping in the sameroom can have negative consequences: not for the child, but for themother. Mothers who slept in the same room as their infants,whether in the same bed or just the same room, had poorer sleepthan mothers whose babies slept elsewhere in the house: They wokeup more frequently, were awake approximately 20 minutes longer pernight, and had shorter periods of uninterrupted sleep. Theseresults held
true even taking into account that many of the womenin the study were
breast-feeding their babies. Infants, on theother hand, didn't appear to have worse sleep whether they slept inthe same or different room from their mothers. The researchersacknowledge that since the families they studied were allmiddle-class Israelis, it's possible the results would be differentin different cultures. Lead author Liat Tikotzky wrote in an emailthat the research team also didn't measure fathers' sleep, so it'spossible that their sleep patterns could also be causing the
sleepdisruptions for moms. Right now, to reduce the risk of suddeninfant death syndrome, the American Academy of Pediatricsrecommends that mothers not sleep in the same bed as their babiesbut sleep in the same room. The Israeli study suggests that doingso may be best for the baby, but may take a toll on mom.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you havejust heard.
12. What do we learn from the report?
A) A lot of native languages have already died out in theUS.
B) The US ranks first in the number of endangeredlanguages.
C) The efforts to preserve Indian languages have provedfruitless.
D) More money is needed to record the native languages inthe US.
【详解】A)。主旨大意题。短文开头即点明，在美国，已经有三分之一的本土语言消亡了，而残存的192种本土语言也已经被联合国教科文组织列入“危险”或“濒危”行列。
13. For what purpose does Fred Nahwooksy appeal for morefunding?
A) To set up more language schools.
B) To document endangered languages.
C) To educate native American children.
D) To revitalise America's native languages.
【详解】D)。细节推断题。美国印第安人博物馆的FredNahwooksy说，需要更多的钱，来让这些濒危语言重新成为人们的日常语言，也就是说，需要更多的钱来让这些语言重新
恢复
活力。
14. What is the historical cause of the decline inAmerican Indian languages?
A) The US government's policy of Americanising Indianchildren.
B) The failure of American Indian languages to gain anofficial status.
C) Thy US government's unwillingness to spend moneyeducating Indians.
D) The long-time isolation of American Indians from theoutside world.
【详解】A)。事实细节题。短文中明确指出，美国印第安语消亡有其historicalroots（历史根源），19世纪的时候美国政府对印第安人推行了一个政策，从孩童时期开始，对印第安人进行“美国化”，使他们远离自己的语言和文化。
15. What does the speaker say about television?
A) It is being utilised to teach nativelanguages.
B) It tells traditional stories during familytime.
C) It speeds up the extinction of nativelanguages.
D) It is widely used in language immersionschools.
【详解】C)。细节辨认题。短文最后说濒危语言面临的另一个挑战是电视，它把英语带进了千家万户，剥夺了家人之间讲故事和聊天的时间，加速了美国本土语言的消亡。
The US has already lost more than a third of the nativelanguages that existed before European colonization, and theremaining 192 are classed by UNESCO as ranging between “unsafe” and“extinct”. “We need more funding and more effortto return these languages to everyday use,” says Fred Nahwooksy ofthe National Museum of the American Indian. “We are making progressbut money needs to be spent on revitalising languages, not justdocumenting them.” Some 40 languages, mainly in California andOklahoma, where thousands of Indians were forced to relocate in the19th Century, have fewer than 10 native speakers. “Part of theissue is that tribal groups themselves don't always believe theirlanguages are endangered until they're down to the last handful ofspeakers. But progress is being