Choosing a strategy to cope with the grow-up world, then, is the first decision young adults have to make, and usually the most important decision of their lifetime.
三、副词的翻译
In the late 14th century, Marco Polo famously made his way along trade routes from Italy to China.
2. Chimpanzees are the animals closest biologically to humans.
3. The second child she dreamed of might now be medically impossible.
4. Only 18 percent are officially unemployed.
5. Real-estate prices in downtown Manhattan looked prohibitively expensive.
6. She was remarkably silent when the others all talked and laughed.
7. A schoolmaster, finding such errors in a schoolboy's essay, would be justly indignant.
课堂练习：
Bad weather prevented us from going camping last weekend. Many factors enter into unemployment in our country. The earth was formed from the same kind of materials that make up the sun. The weather is warm and sunny here. American education owes a great debt to Thomas Jefferson.
In the first four years of the war, when in Great Britain two and a quarter million women had been placed in war production, only 182,000 women were similarly employed in Germany.
- 21 -
第五讲：英语三大从句的翻译
一、 修改划线部分的翻译
1.On October 15, 2003, China surprised the world as her first astronaut flew into space aboard the Shenzhou V spacecraft. Now, China is focusing on more ambitious space program, including lunar explorations and the establishment of space stations.
原译：2003年10月15日，当中国的第一名宇航员乘坐神舟五号宇宙飞船飞上太空时，中国震惊了世界。现在，中国正集中精力从事更富有雄心的宇宙项目，包括探索月球以及建立太空站。 改译：
2.Tom soon became the ―pet‖ of the teacher who had once vowed to love all her children exactly the same. 原译：汤姆很快成了那个以前曾经承诺过她会爱所有的学生，对每个学生都会一视同仁的老师最宠爱的学生。 改译：
3.What happened on September 11, 2001 will be forever etched in our memory. 原译：2001年9月11日发生的事情会永远铭刻在我们的脑海里。 改译：
二、 三大从句的翻译
1、名词性从句：宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句
1）这类从句往往表达的是一种具体的概念，所以翻译时，多采用概略法，也就是使从句陈述的内容明确化。
My brother is not what he used to be. （表语）
That’s where we differ. （表语）
What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality.（主语）
2）同位语从句往往单译
So far, popular reaction to NASA’s announcement that its scientists have discovered evidence of life in a meteorite from Mars has been pretty positive. - 22 -
NASA: 美国宇航局
Many foster parents are driven by the belief that they have rescued society’s most unwanted children. Foster parent: 养父母
2、定语从句
形容词从句在英文里很活跃，而且在许多情况下它的语法功能并不仅仅是修辞它前面的名词，而是进行解释，阐释，或者表达原因，转折，结果等，所以翻译时，往往需要变通处理，因为保留其原有结构，将其放在名词前面，会造成语流不畅。
这个时侯，往往需要采用顺译法，把它从整个句子结构中解放出来，不是译成汉语的对等结构，而是译成独立的语言单位。换言之，就是把原文的定语从句从修辞的作用中解放出来，使其相对独立地叙述所要表达的信息。 1）译成定语
This is the reason why I am not in favor of revising the plan.
2）译成并列分句
We will put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be so busy. （表原因）
He is a professor, as is clear from his manner.
Thinking that you know when in fact you don’t is a fatal mistake, to which we are all prone to. （评论）
Happiness is a butterfly, which, when pursued, is always just beyond your grasp, but which, if you will sit down quietly, may alight upon you. （从句表解释说明）
John Nash is a mathematical genius who was a legend by age thirty when he slipped into madness, and who - thanks to the selflessness of his wife and the loyalty of the mathematics community- emerged after decades of ghostlike existence to win a Nobel Prize and world acclaim.
3）倒译法
You compare her with your English women who wolf down from three to five meat meals a day; and naturally you find her a sylph. （表原因）
She tiptoed to the bed where the child lay asleep. (表原因)
4）译成状语从句
The thief, who was about to escape, was caught by the policeman. （表时间）
- 23 -
He wishes to write an article, which will attract public attention to the air pollution in this city. （表目的）
3、副词性从句 1）连词能省则省
He must be ill, for he is absent. As the desert is like sea, so is the camel like a ship.
When we were about to get away, a police car came to the front door.
Most comets are so dim that they cannot be seen by the naked eye.
2）表时间的关系副词引导的状语从句除了表示时间外，还常常表达并列，对比，条件，转折，让步等关系，翻译时宜灵活机动。
While demand for executive is likely to outpace supply for years, word is spreading that job-hopping, in the long run, can hurt a career.
When marketers do not understand and appreciate the values, tastes, geography, climate, superstitions, religion, tastes, geography, climate, superstitions, religion, or economy of a culture, they fail to capture their target market.
The boy fell down from the ladder before he knew it.
Conditions are extremely dangerous in fog, rain and at night. It is just a matter of time before a plane crashes in Swaziland.
Swaziland: 斯威士兰，非洲东南部国家
- 24 -